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  1. Article ; Online: A social media intervention for high-intensity drinking among emerging adults: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

    Bonar, Erin E / Tan, Chiu Y / Fernandez, Anne C / Goldstick, Jason E / Chapman, Lyndsay / Florimbio, Autumn R / Walton, Maureen A

    Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire)

    2024  Volume 59, Issue 2

    Abstract: Aims: High-intensity drinking (HID) is a pattern of risky drinking defined as at least 8 drinks (for women) or 10 drinks (for men) in a single episode. Individuals engaged in HID may be at greater risk for consequences, necessitating tailored ... ...

    Abstract Aims: High-intensity drinking (HID) is a pattern of risky drinking defined as at least 8 drinks (for women) or 10 drinks (for men) in a single episode. Individuals engaged in HID may be at greater risk for consequences, necessitating tailored interventions. Herein, we report the feasibility and acceptability of a social media-delivered 8-week intervention for emerging adults with recent HID.
    Methods: Using social media advertising, we recruited 102 emerging adults who reported past-month HID. Average age was 20.0 year-olds (SD = 2.0); 51.0% were male. Most identified as White (64.7%; 14.7% Black/African American, 13.7% multiracial) and 26.5% identified as Hispanic/Latinx. Participants were randomized to an 8-week intervention delivered via Snapchat by health coaches (N = 50) or to a control condition (psychoeducational website referral; N = 52). Follow-ups occurred at 2 and 4 months post-baseline.
    Results: The intervention was acceptable (85.1% liked it/liked it a lot) and there were high follow-up rates. Participants rated coaches as supportive (91.5%) and respectful (93.6%). Descriptively, helpfulness ratings were higher for non-alcohol-related content (e.g. stress; 59.6% very/extremely helpful) than alcohol-related content (40.4% very/extremely helpful). Regarding engagement, 86.0% engaged approximately weekly and 59.6% indicated they saved intervention snaps. Descriptive data showed reductions over time in several measures of alcohol consumption and consequences as well as cannabis-impaired driving and mental health symptoms.
    Conclusions: This 8-week social media intervention for HID was feasible and acceptable among emerging adults, supporting the benefit of future testing in a fully powered trial.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Young Adult ; Pilot Projects ; Social Media ; Emotions ; Mental Disorders ; Alcohol Drinking/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604956-4
    ISSN 1464-3502 ; 0309-1635 ; 0735-0414
    ISSN (online) 1464-3502
    ISSN 0309-1635 ; 0735-0414
    DOI 10.1093/alcalc/agae005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Reducing Alcohol Use Before and After Surgery: Qualitative Study of Two Treatment Approaches.

    Chapman, Lyndsay / Ren, Tom / Solka, Jake / Bazzi, Angela R / Borsari, Brian / Mello, Michael J / Fernandez, Anne C

    JMIR perioperative medicine

    2023  Volume 6, Page(s) e42532

    Abstract: Background: High-risk alcohol use is a common preventable risk factor for postoperative complications, admission to intensive care, and longer hospital stays. Short-term abstinence from alcohol use (2 to 4 weeks) prior to surgery is linked to a lower ... ...

    Abstract Background: High-risk alcohol use is a common preventable risk factor for postoperative complications, admission to intensive care, and longer hospital stays. Short-term abstinence from alcohol use (2 to 4 weeks) prior to surgery is linked to a lower likelihood of postoperative complications.
    Objective: The study aimed to explore the acceptability and feasibility of 2 brief counseling approaches to reduce alcohol use in elective surgical patients with high-risk alcohol use in the perioperative period.
    Methods: A semistructured interview study was conducted with a group of "high responders" (who reduced alcohol use ≥50% postbaseline) and "low responders" (who reduced alcohol use by ≤25% postbaseline) after their completion of a pilot trial to explore the acceptability and perceived impacts on drinking behaviors of the 2 counseling interventions delivered remotely by phone or video call. Interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.
    Results: In total, 19 participants (10 high responders and 9 low responders) from the parent trial took part in interviews. Three main themes were identified: (1) the intervention content was novel and impactful, (2) the choice of intervention modality enhanced participant engagement in the intervention, and (3) factors external to the interventions also influenced alcohol use.
    Conclusions: The findings support the acceptability of both high- and low-intensity brief counseling approaches. Elective surgical patients are interested in receiving alcohol-focused education, and further research is needed to test the effectiveness of these interventions in reducing drinking before and after surgery.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03929562; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03929562.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-26
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2561-9128
    ISSN (online) 2561-9128
    DOI 10.2196/42532
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  3. Article ; Online: A social media intervention for cannabis use among emerging adults: Randomized controlled trial.

    Bonar, Erin E / Goldstick, Jason E / Chapman, Lyndsay / Bauermeister, José A / Young, Sean D / McAfee, Jenna / Walton, Maureen A

    Drug and alcohol dependence

    2022  Volume 232, Page(s) 109345

    Abstract: Purpose: Cannabis use is increasing among emerging adults (ages 18-25), necessitating the need for prevention interventions. Using a novel platform - social media - we developed an 8-week motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioral intervention ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Cannabis use is increasing among emerging adults (ages 18-25), necessitating the need for prevention interventions. Using a novel platform - social media - we developed an 8-week motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioral intervention targeting cannabis use among emerging adults. Herein, we report on the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention in a pilot trial.
    Procedures: For NCT04187989 we recruited N = 149 emerging adults who used cannabis (at least 3 times/week for the past month) using social media advertising. Their mean age was 21.0 years (SD = 2.2); 55.7% were female. Most were White (70.5%; 20.1% Black/African American, 9.4% Other races), with 20.1% identifying as Hispanic/Latinx. Participants were randomized to the 8-week intervention or an 8-week attention-placebo control condition, both delivered in secret Facebook groups by electronic health coaches (e-coaches). Follow-up assessments occurred at 3- and 6-months.
    Results: The intervention was well-received and follow-up rates were high; fidelity was good. Intervention participants rated e-coaches significantly higher in terms of helpfulness, warmth, etc., compared to control participants. Intervention participants were more likely to engage with and recommend the group. In terms of percentage reductions in cannabis outcomes, the intervention group evidenced absolute reductions over time in several measures of cannabis consumption across modalities. In an adjusted model, reductions in vaping days in the intervention group, relative to attention-control, reached statistical significance (p = .020, D =.40).
    Conclusions: This social media intervention for emerging adults' cannabis use was feasible and acceptable in the target population warranting future testing in a fully powered trial.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Cannabis ; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Motivational Interviewing ; Social Media ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-03
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 519918-9
    ISSN 1879-0046 ; 0376-8716
    ISSN (online) 1879-0046
    ISSN 0376-8716
    DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109345
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  4. Article ; Online: Social media interventions addressing physical activity among emerging adults who use cannabis: A pilot trial of feasibility and acceptability.

    Bonar, Erin E / Chapman, Lyndsay / Pagoto, Sherry / Tan, Chiu Yi / Duval, Elizabeth R / McAfee, Jenna / Collins, R Lorraine / Walton, Maureen A

    Drug and alcohol dependence

    2022  Volume 242, Page(s) 109693

    Abstract: Purpose: Cannabis use is common among emerging adults (ages 18-25), yet few prevention interventions have targeted this unique developmental period. Physical activity (PA) is an under-utilized intervention target for cannabis use, despite research ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Cannabis use is common among emerging adults (ages 18-25), yet few prevention interventions have targeted this unique developmental period. Physical activity (PA) is an under-utilized intervention target for cannabis use, despite research showing its potential utility. Based on prior promising social media-delivered interventions targeting cannabis and PA separately, we developed and piloted, in a randomized controlled feasibility trial (NCT04901910), interventions for emerging adults who use cannabis that focused on PA.
    Procedures: Using social media, we recruited 60 emerging adults (Mean age=21.7 years; 63.3% female sex) who used cannabis (>=3 times/week for the past month) and could engage in PA. We randomized participants into one of 3 conditions (PA-Only; PA+Cannabis, Attention-Control) that each lasted 8 weeks and were delivered in secret Facebook groups by health coaches. We collected follow-up data at 3- and 6-months post-group start. Outcomes are presented descriptively given the pilot nature and limited sample size.
    Results: The interventions were rated favorably, with ratings of the content in each condition averaging around 3 on a 5-point scale. Both intervention groups demonstrated larger reductions in cannabis consequences and cannabis-impaired driving over time than the control condition. Findings were mixed regarding patterns of change in cannabis use in the intervention conditions. Proportions of group members reporting increased PA ranged from 38.9% to 80.0% across time.
    Conclusions: Interventions targeting PA and delivered via social media to emerging adults who regularly use cannabis offer a novel intervention target. These interventions warrant future investigation in larger trials over a longer follow-up period.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adult ; Female ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Male ; Cannabis ; Social Media ; Feasibility Studies ; Pilot Projects ; Exercise
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-11
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 519918-9
    ISSN 1879-0046 ; 0376-8716
    ISSN (online) 1879-0046
    ISSN 0376-8716
    DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109693
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  5. Article ; Online: Perceived impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on cannabis-using emerging adults.

    Bonar, Erin E / Chapman, Lyndsay / McAfee, Jenna / Goldstick, Jason E / Bauermeister, José A / Carter, Patrick M / Young, Sean D / Walton, Maureen A

    Translational behavioral medicine

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 7, Page(s) 1299–1309

    Abstract: Cannabis-using youth are a large epidemiologic subgroup whose age and smoking-related risks underscore the importance of examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in this population. Within a clinical trial (n = 36 received an intervention prior to ... ...

    Abstract Cannabis-using youth are a large epidemiologic subgroup whose age and smoking-related risks underscore the importance of examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in this population. Within a clinical trial (n = 36 received an intervention prior to data collection reported herein), we surveyed cannabis-using emerging adults (ages 18-25) about perceived COVID-19 impacts. Participants (n = 141) reporting weekly cannabis use (M = 18.6 use days in the past 30) were enrolled and completed online surveys as part of either their baseline or 3 month assessment. COVID-19-related measures included symptoms, substance use, mood, etc. Participants were 57% female (mean age = 21, standard deviation = 2.2), with 21% Hispanic/Latinx, 70% White, 20% Black/African American, and 10% of other races. Most participants (86%) reported quarantine/self-isolation (M = 59 days). Several had COVID-19 symptoms (16%), but none reported testing COVID-19 positive. Many respondents felt their cannabis use (35%-50%, across consumption methods) and negative emotions (e.g., loneliness, stress, and depression; 69.5%, 69.5%, and 61.8%, respectively) increased. They reported decreased in-person socialization (90.8%) and job losses (23.4%). Reports of increased cannabis smoking were associated with increased negative emotions. On an open-response item, employment/finances and social isolation were frequently named negative impacts (33.3% and 29.4%, respectively). Although cannabis-using emerging adults' reports of increases in cannabis use, coupled with mental health symptoms and social isolation, are concerning, the full impact of the pandemic on their health and well-being remains unknown. Future studies examining the relationship between social isolation, mental health, and cannabis use among young people are needed.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; COVID-19 ; Cannabis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pandemics ; Quarantine ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2586893-7
    ISSN 1613-9860 ; 1869-6716
    ISSN (online) 1613-9860
    ISSN 1869-6716
    DOI 10.1093/tbm/ibab025
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  6. Article ; Online: Preoperative alcohol interventions for elective surgical patients: Results from a randomized pilot trial.

    Fernandez, Anne C / Chapman, Lyndsay / Ren, Tom Y / Baxley, Catherine / Hallway, Alexander K / Tang, Michael J / Waljee, Jennifer F / Friedmann, Peter D / Mello, Michael / Borsari, Brian / Blow, Frederic

    Surgery

    2022  Volume 172, Issue 6, Page(s) 1673–1681

    Abstract: Background: High-risk alcohol use is a common surgical risk factor. Stopping or reducing alcohol use in the weeks before and after surgery could improve surgical health and outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and ... ...

    Abstract Background: High-risk alcohol use is a common surgical risk factor. Stopping or reducing alcohol use in the weeks before and after surgery could improve surgical health and outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of 2 interventions that address high-risk alcohol use in the context of surgery.
    Methods: Participants included patients scheduled for elective surgeries at an academic health system in the Midwestern United States. Recruitment took place by phone and text. Participants were included if they were 18 to 75 years old, scheduled for elective surgeries, and scored ≥5 on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption Tool. Participants were randomized to either a low-intensity intervention, brief advice (10-minute phone-based psychoeducation plus feedback session), or a higher-intensity intervention, health coaching (two 45-minute sessions including education, feedback, motivational interviewing, and goal setting). Assessments took place at baseline and at 1-month and 4-month follow-ups. Alcohol biomarkers were collected the day of surgery.
    Results: The final study sample included (n = 51) participants randomized to brief advice and health coaching conditions. Participants in both conditions rated interventions as satisfactory and personally relevant. Trial retention was high (86.3%) at 4 months. Attrition was significantly higher in brief advice (n = 6) relative to health coaching (n = 1). Average weekly alcohol use decreased 50% to 60% between baseline and follow-ups in both conditions. Biomarkers corroborated self-report.
    Conclusion: The trial demonstrated intervention feasibility and acceptability. Alcohol use changed in expected directions. The next steps include a randomized controlled trial to test intervention efficacy in reducing alcohol use and surgical complications.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Alcoholism ; Pilot Projects ; Alcohol Drinking/prevention & control ; Motivational Interviewing/methods ; Elective Surgical Procedures
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 202467-6
    ISSN 1532-7361 ; 0039-6060
    ISSN (online) 1532-7361
    ISSN 0039-6060
    DOI 10.1016/j.surg.2022.09.012
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