Article ; Online: Emergence and antibody evasion of BQ, BA.2.75 and SARS-CoV-2 recombinant sub-lineages in the face of maturing antibody breadth at the population levelResearch in context
EBioMedicine, Vol 90, Iss , Pp 104545- (2023)
2023
Abstract: Summary: Background: The Omicron era of the COVID-19 pandemic commenced at the beginning of 2022 and whilst it started with primarily BA.1, it was latter dominated by BA.2 and the related sub-lineage BA.5. Following resolution of the global BA.5 wave, a ... ...
| Abstract | Summary: Background: The Omicron era of the COVID-19 pandemic commenced at the beginning of 2022 and whilst it started with primarily BA.1, it was latter dominated by BA.2 and the related sub-lineage BA.5. Following resolution of the global BA.5 wave, a diverse grouping of Omicron sub-lineages emerged derived from BA.2, BA.5 and recombinants thereof. Whilst emerging from distinct lineages, all shared similar changes in the Spike glycoprotein affording them an outgrowth advantage through evasion of neutralising antibodies. Methods: Over the course of 2022, we monitored the potency and breadth of antibody neutralization responses to many emerging variants in the Australian community at three levels: (i) we tracked over 420,000 U.S. plasma donors over time through various vaccine booster roll outs and Omicron waves using sequentially collected IgG pools; (ii) we mapped the antibody response in individuals using blood from stringently curated vaccine and convalescent cohorts. (iii) finally we determine the in vitro efficacy of clinically approved therapies Evusheld and Sotrovimab. Findings: In pooled IgG samples, we observed the maturation of neutralization breadth to Omicron variants over time through continuing vaccine and infection waves. Importantly, in many cases, we observed increased antibody breadth to variants that were yet to be in circulation. Determination of viral neutralization at the cohort level supported equivalent coverage across prior and emerging variants with isolates BQ.1.1, XBB.1, BR.2.1 and XBF the most evasive. Further, these emerging variants were resistant to Evusheld, whilst increasing neutralization resistance to Sotrovimab was restricted to BQ.1.1 and XBF. We conclude at this current point in time that dominant variants can evade antibodies at levels equivalent to their most evasive lineage counterparts but sustain an entry phenotype that continues to promote an additional outgrowth advantage. In Australia, BR.2.1 and XBF share this phenotype and, in contrast to global variants, are ... |
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| Keywords | SARS-CoV-2 ; Variants ; TMPRSS2 ; Covid-19 ; Neutralising antibodies ; Sotrovimab ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Document type | Article ; Online |
| Database | BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection) |
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