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  1. Article: Bilioptysis associated with alcohol hepatitis without evidence of bronchobiliary fistula: A rare case report.

    Ngo, Jennifer / Wenger, Mathew / Chee, Alex

    Respirology case reports

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 10, Page(s) e01028

    Abstract: The presence of bilirubin in the sputum is uncommon but, when present, is most commonly associated with the presence of bronchobiliary fistula, which could be associated with a number of underlying conditions. However, the finding of bilioptysis without ... ...

    Abstract The presence of bilirubin in the sputum is uncommon but, when present, is most commonly associated with the presence of bronchobiliary fistula, which could be associated with a number of underlying conditions. However, the finding of bilioptysis without bronchobiliary fistula is uncommon, with one associated mechanism postulated to involve increased capillary membrane permeability. This case report describes a patient presenting with bilioptysis while being medically managed with prednisolone for severe alcoholic hepatitis. The patient developed hospital-acquired pneumonia during her hospitalization associated with bilioptysis, resulting in progressive respiratory failure requiring ventilatory support. Alcohol-related pulmonary dysfunction alters pulmonary immune processes, leading to increased susceptibility to pulmonary infection and disrupting the basal alveolar epithelial membrane, thus increasing permeability. This patient's findings were in the absence of a bronchobiliary or bronchopleural fistula, and we hypothesize that increased capillary membrane permeability was contributory to the bilioptysis in this case.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2750180-2
    ISSN 2051-3380
    ISSN 2051-3380
    DOI 10.1002/rcr2.1028
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: A Man with Superior Vena Cava Syndrome and Granulomas.

    Israel, Rebecca Arielle / VanderLaan, Paul A / Chee, Alex

    Annals of the American Thoracic Society

    2019  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 107–111

    MeSH term(s) Granuloma/complications ; Granuloma/pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Mediastinal Neoplasms/complications ; Mediastinal Neoplasms/pathology ; Middle Aged ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Superior Vena Cava Syndrome/etiology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2717461-X
    ISSN 2325-6621 ; 1943-5665 ; 2325-6621
    ISSN (online) 2325-6621 ; 1943-5665
    ISSN 2325-6621
    DOI 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201905-348CC
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Comparison of Flexible 3D Printed Stenotic Airway Model Versus Standard Model for Therapeutic Bronchoscopy Training a Proof of Concept.

    Chee, Alex / Sierra-Ruiz, Melibea / Parikh, Mihir S / Majid, Adnan

    Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology

    2020  Volume 28, Issue 2, Page(s) 124–129

    Abstract: Aim: This study aimed to determine operator impressions of an airway obstruction procedure using a custom silicone model of low cost and high accuracy.: Background: Current procedural education for therapeutic bronchoscopy relies on animal models, ... ...

    Abstract Aim: This study aimed to determine operator impressions of an airway obstruction procedure using a custom silicone model of low cost and high accuracy.
    Background: Current procedural education for therapeutic bronchoscopy relies on animal models, supervised in-patient training, and inanimate artificial models. Model manufacturing via lost-wax casting allows for the flexibility of the material selection and reproduction of complex airway shapes.
    Methods: A patient computed tomography scan was anonymized and segmented into a stereolithographic (STL) file. The water dissolvable interior airway mold was 3-dimensional (D) printed using polyvinyl alcohol and the exterior mold was printed with polylactic acid. Flexible silicone was injected into the mold. During advanced bronchoscopy courses (2017-2018) at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, participants were asked to evaluate both standard bronchoscopy manikin and the manikin with 3D customization.
    Results: We evaluated 17 participants with different levels in training in the pulmonary field. All of them reported that they previously have performed >100 bronchoscopies, 88% having treated patients with airway stenosis. In total, 77% of participants thought the 3D model was better or much better for airway inspection when compared with Broncho-Boy. Overall, 94% of participants reported the 3D model was accurate or very accurate for realism. In total, 69% of trainees reported the overall experience as excellent. All of them reported 3D model would improve their skills on stent placement.
    Conclusion: 3D printing with silicone lost wax casting can be used to reproduce airway abnormalities for tactile simulation bronchoscopy. Reproducible custom airway models can be created for a relatively low cost.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bronchoscopy ; Clinical Competence ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Humans ; Male ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Simulation Training
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2478320-1
    ISSN 1948-8270 ; 1944-6586
    ISSN (online) 1948-8270
    ISSN 1944-6586
    DOI 10.1097/LBR.0000000000000701
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  4. Article ; Online: Effect of Needle Size on Diagnosis of Sarcoidosis with Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Kassirian, Shayan / Hinton, Stephanie N / Iansavitchene, Alla / Amjadi, Kayvan / Chee, Alex / Dhaliwal, Inderdeep / Mitchell, Michael A

    Annals of the American Thoracic Society

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 279–290

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    MeSH term(s) Bronchoscopy ; Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Lymph Nodes ; Mediastinum ; Sarcoidosis/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2717461-X
    ISSN 2325-6621 ; 1943-5665 ; 2325-6621
    ISSN (online) 2325-6621 ; 1943-5665
    ISSN 2325-6621
    DOI 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202103-366OC
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Molecular analysis of endobronchial ultrasound needle aspirates in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: Results from the SCOPE database.

    Vakil, Erik / Dumoulin, Elaine / Stollery, Daniel / Gillson, Ashley-Mae / MacEachern, Paul / Dhaliwal, Inderdeep / Mitchell, Michael / Li, Pen / Schieman, Colin / Romatowski, Nicholas / Chee, Alex C / Tyan, Chung Chun / Fortin, Marc / Hergott, Christopher A / Tremblay, Alain

    Cytopathology : official journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology

    2024  Volume 35, Issue 3, Page(s) 378–382

    Abstract: Objective: Molecular subtyping of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is critical in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with advanced disease. This study aimed to examine whether samples from endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration ( ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Molecular subtyping of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is critical in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with advanced disease. This study aimed to examine whether samples from endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) of intrathoracic lymph nodes and/or lung lesions are adequate for molecular analysis across various institutions.
    Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all cases of linear EBUS-TBNA with a final bronchoscopic diagnosis of NSCLC entered in the Stather Canadian Outcomes registry for chest ProcEdures database. The primary outcome was specimen inadequacy rate for each molecular target, as defined by the local laboratory or pathologist.
    Results: A total of 866 EBUS-TBNA procedures for NSCLC were identified. Specimen inadequacy rates were 3.8% for EGFR, 2.5% for ALK-1 and 3.5% for PD-L1. Largest target size was not different between adequate and inadequate specimens, and rapid onsite evaluation did not increase specimen adequacy rates. One centre using next-generation sequencing for EGFR had lower adequacy rates than 2 others using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrophotometry.
    Conclusion: EBUS-TBNA specimens have a very low-specimen inadequacy rate for molecular subtyping of non-small cell lung cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Canada ; ErbB Receptors/genetics ; Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration/methods ; Bronchoscopy/methods
    Chemical Substances ErbB Receptors (EC 2.7.10.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1034190-0
    ISSN 1365-2303 ; 0956-5507 ; 1350-4037
    ISSN (online) 1365-2303
    ISSN 0956-5507 ; 1350-4037
    DOI 10.1111/cyt.13367
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  6. Article ; Online: Characterization of Applied Forces and Torques During Rigid Bronchoscopy Intubation.

    Barrette, Louis-Xavier / Turkseven, Melih / De, Suvranu / Majid, Adnan / Parikh, Mihir / Chee, Alex

    Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology

    2020  Volume 27, Issue 4, Page(s) 246–252

    Abstract: Background: Rigid bronchoscopy intubation poses a significant risk of complication to patients from mechanical trauma. Despite the importance of precision in forces exerted by surgeons during intubation, no prior study has analyzed the overall forces ... ...

    Abstract Background: Rigid bronchoscopy intubation poses a significant risk of complication to patients from mechanical trauma. Despite the importance of precision in forces exerted by surgeons during intubation, no prior study has analyzed the overall forces and torques involved in rigid bronchoscopy intubation, and whether existing training modalities accurately replicate them.
    Methods: A bronchoscope was equipped with a 6-axis load sensor to measure forces and torques applied during rigid bronchoscopy intubation. The device was applied to measure intubation forces in low-fidelity manikins and patients by interventional pulmonologists.
    Results: Axial and lateral forces were measured during rigid bronchoscope intubation from the mouth to the mid-trachea. The mean axial/lateral forces recorded during manikin trials were 6.93/18.06 N, whereas those recorded during patient trials were 4.57/9.43 N. Average axial and lateral force application was therefore 51.6% and 92.6% higher in manikin, respectively. Applied axial torque averaged across all human trials was 130.5 N-mm compared with 78.3 N-mm for manikin trials, 40% lower in manikin than in human. Lateral torque application during manikin intubation showed greater variation in between trials and a greater range of SDs within trials.
    Conclusion: This was the first application of a rigid bronchoscope measurement device designed to measure forces applied at the handle. Force and torque discrepancies between manikin training and patient applications were found, indicating a possible mismatch between the haptic feedback received by physicians during rigid training and application. This inconsistency could be resolved via novel haptic training modalities and help increase atraumatic intubations.
    MeSH term(s) Bronchoscopy/adverse effects ; Bronchoscopy/instrumentation ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Education, Medical ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal/methods ; Laryngoscopy/adverse effects ; Laryngoscopy/methods ; Manikins ; Physicians/statistics & numerical data ; Pulmonologists/education ; Torque ; Touch Perception/physiology ; Videotape Recording/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2478320-1
    ISSN 1948-8270 ; 1944-6586
    ISSN (online) 1948-8270
    ISSN 1944-6586
    DOI 10.1097/LBR.0000000000000671
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  7. Article ; Online: Association of Patient Demographics and Comorbidities with Clinical Outcomes in Adults Hospitalized for Empyema.

    Mitchell, Michael A / Deschner, Emilie / Dhaliwal, Inderdeep / Amjadi, Kayvan / Chee, Alex

    Annals of the American Thoracic Society

    2020  Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) 904–906

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Comorbidity ; Demography ; Empyema, Pleural/epidemiology ; Empyema, Pleural/therapy ; Humans ; Pleural Diseases
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2717461-X
    ISSN 2325-6621 ; 1943-5665 ; 2325-6621
    ISSN (online) 2325-6621 ; 1943-5665
    ISSN 2325-6621
    DOI 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202008-1011RL
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  8. Article ; Online: Stent Evaluation for Expiratory Central Airway Collapse: Does the Type of Stent Really Matter?

    Majid, Adnan / Ospina-Delgado, Daniel / Ayala, Alvaro / Gangadharan, Sidhu P / Alape, Daniel / Buitrago, Daniel / Parikh, Mihir S / Wilson, Jennifer L / Chee, Alex C / Fernandez-Bussy, Sebastian / Herth, Felix J F / Kheir, Fayez

    Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology

    2023  Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 37–46

    Abstract: Background: Careful selection of patients with expiratory central airway collapse (ECAC) that may benefit from tracheobronchoplasty (TBP) can be aided by a short-term airway stent evaluation. This can be performed with either silicone Y-stents (SYSs) or ...

    Abstract Background: Careful selection of patients with expiratory central airway collapse (ECAC) that may benefit from tracheobronchoplasty (TBP) can be aided by a short-term airway stent evaluation. This can be performed with either silicone Y-stents (SYSs) or uncovered self-expanding metallic airway-stents (USEMAS). No direct comparison has been made between these 2 stent types.
    Methods: This was a small retrospective review of consecutive patients that underwent a stent evaluation. A propensity score was used to match patients in the USEMAS and SYS groups. Outcomes included complications, changes in the health-related quality-of-life (HR-QoL), and changes in exercise capacity. Baseline measurements were compared with those obtained during stent evaluation and after TBP.
    Results: Forty-two patients with severe ECAC underwent USEMAS placement, while 18 patients had an SYS placed. Propensity score matching resulted in 13 matched SYS and USEMAS pairs. The SYS group had an increased rate of mucus plugging (38.5% vs. 0%, P <0.047). Although not statically significant, a clinical improvement was observed in HR-QoL and exercise capacity in the USEMAS group during stent placement. In patients who underwent TBP, both USEMAS and SYS groups had a statistically significant change in the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale during stent evaluation and after TBP.
    Conclusion: In patients with severe ECAC, short-term evaluation with airway stents appears to be safe and improves respiratory symptoms, HR-QoL, and exercise capacity. The use of USEMAS led to a lower complication rate, a greater improvement in HR-QoL and exercise capacity, and appeared to better predict how the patients would respond to TBP.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Quality of Life ; Treatment Outcome ; Stents ; Retrospective Studies ; Airway Obstruction/surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2478320-1
    ISSN 1948-8270 ; 1944-6586
    ISSN (online) 1948-8270
    ISSN 1944-6586
    DOI 10.1097/LBR.0000000000000842
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  9. Article ; Online: Sarcoidosis With Pleural Effusion as the Presenting Symptom.

    Rivera, Estefania / Gesthalter, Yaron / Vardelaan, Paul / Chee, Alex / Majid, Adnan

    Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology

    2018  Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) 148–151

    Abstract: A 65-year-old woman, never smoker, with medical history of hypertension, nonischemic cardiomyopathy, and moderate pulmonary hypertension presented with symptomatic bilateral pleural effusions. Thoracentesis revealed a lymphocyte predominant transudate ... ...

    Abstract A 65-year-old woman, never smoker, with medical history of hypertension, nonischemic cardiomyopathy, and moderate pulmonary hypertension presented with symptomatic bilateral pleural effusions. Thoracentesis revealed a lymphocyte predominant transudate and was negative for malignancy, microbiologic cultures were negative for an infectious cause. Chest tomography showed mediastinal and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, lymph node biopsy with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration showed non-necrotizing granulomas compatible with sarcoidosis. Echocardiogram showed ejection fraction of 45% and cardiac workup for sarcoid involvement was negative. Despite overall clinical management with diuretics, pleural effusion persisted and the patient underwent medical thoracoscopy with pleural biopsy. Biopsy showed noncaseating granulomas consistent with sarcoid, with all stains and microbiologic cultures negative for an infectious etiology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first described case of sarcoidosis presenting as large transudative pleural effusion.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Bronchoscopy ; Cardiomyopathies ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Pleural Effusion/etiology ; Sarcoidosis/complications ; Sarcoidosis/diagnosis ; Sarcoidosis/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2478320-1
    ISSN 1948-8270 ; 1944-6586
    ISSN (online) 1948-8270
    ISSN 1944-6586
    DOI 10.1097/LBR.0000000000000453
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Complementary Applications of Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery and Endobronchial Valves.

    Beattie, Jason / Ospina-Delgado, Daniel / Gangadharan, Sidhu P / Chee, Alex / Parikh, Mihir / Kheir, Fayez / Majid, Adnan

    Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology

    2021  Volume 29, Issue 1, Page(s) e7–e10

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Prostheses and Implants ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2478320-1
    ISSN 1948-8270 ; 1944-6586
    ISSN (online) 1948-8270
    ISSN 1944-6586
    DOI 10.1097/LBR.0000000000000762
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