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Book: Special issue: Remote sensing of our changing landscapes with Geographical Object-based Image Analysis (GEOBIA)

Chen, Gang

(GIScience & remote sensing ; volume 55, number 2 (April 2018))

2018

Title variant	Remote sensing of our changing landscapes with Geographical Object-based Image Analysis (GEOBIA)
Author's details	guest editors: Gang Chen and Qihao Weng
Series title	GIScience & remote sensing ; volume 55, number 2 (April 2018)
Collection
Language	English
Size	Seite 156-305, Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
Publisher	Taylor & Francis
Publishing place	Abingdon
Publishing country	Great Britain
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT019671659
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Shelf mark	Loan status	Location
Z 2082 (55,2)	available for loan (reading room)	Freihandmagazin (U1)

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Article ; Online: On paradoxical phenomena during evaporation and condensation between two parallel plates.

Chen, Gang

The Journal of chemical physics

2023 Volume 159, Issue 15

Abstract: Kinetic theory has long predicted that temperature inversion may happen in the vapor-phase for evaporation and condensation between two parallel plates, i.e., the vapor temperature at the condensation interface is higher than that at the evaporation ... ...

Abstract	Kinetic theory has long predicted that temperature inversion may happen in the vapor-phase for evaporation and condensation between two parallel plates, i.e., the vapor temperature at the condensation interface is higher than that at the evaporation interface. However, past studies have neglected transport in the liquid phases, which usually determine the evaporation and condensation rates. This disconnect has limited the acceptance of the kinetic theory in practical heat transfer models. In this paper, we combine interfacial conditions for mass and heat fluxes with continuum descriptions in the bulk regions of the vapor and the liquid phases to obtain a complete picture for the classical problem of evaporation and condensation between two parallel plates. The criterion for temperature inversion is rederived analytically. We also prove that the temperature jump at each interface is in the same direction as externally applied temperature difference, i.e., liquid surface is at a higher temperature than its adjacent vapor on the evaporating interface and at a lower temperature than its adjacent vapor on the condensing interface. We explain the interfacial temperature jump and temperature inversion using the interfacial cooling and heating processes, and we predict that this process can lead to a vapor phase temperature much lower than the lowest wall temperatures and much higher than the highest wall temperature imposed. When the latent heat of evaporation is small, we found that evaporation can happen at the low temperature side while condensation occurs at the high temperature side, opposing the temperature gradient.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3113-6
ISSN	1089-7690 ; 0021-9606
ISSN (online)	1089-7690
ISSN	0021-9606
DOI	10.1063/5.0171205
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Article ; Online: Molecular basis of breast cancer with comorbid depression and the mechanistic insights of Xiaoyaosan in treating breast cancer-associated depression.

Chen, Gang

Medicine

2023 Volume 102, Issue 38, Page(s) e35157

Abstract: Depression and breast cancer (BC) have been found to have a shared genetic basis, multiple loci of effect, and a presumed causal relationship. The treatment of BC combined with depression poses significant challenges. This study aims to use ... ...

Abstract	Depression and breast cancer (BC) have been found to have a shared genetic basis, multiple loci of effect, and a presumed causal relationship. The treatment of BC combined with depression poses significant challenges. This study aims to use bioinformatics and network pharmacology to explore the molecular basis of BC combined with depression and to elucidate the potential mechanisms of Xiaoyaosan (XYS) in treating this disease. The molecular background of BC complicated with depression was discovered via data mining and bioinformatics. The molecular mechanism of XYS in the treatment of BC with depression was investigated by network pharmacology. The binding affinity between targets and active compounds was evaluated by molecular docking. The impact of XYS on the gene and protein expression of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) in microglial cells was assessed using RT-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Differential expression analysis was conducted to identify genes associated with BC, revealing that 2958 genes were involved, with 277 of these genes also being related to depression. XYS was found to contain 173 active compounds and 342 targets, with 44 of these targets being involved in regulating the progression of BC and depression. Enrichment analysis was performed to identify pathways associated with these targets, revealing that they were related to cell proliferation, catalytic activity, cell communication, and interleukin-18 signaling and LXR/RXR activation. Network analysis was conducted to identify key targets of Xiaoyaosan in treating BC combined with depression, with EGF, interleukin 6, epidermal growth factor receptor, and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma being identified as important targets. Molecular docking was also performed to assess the binding affinity between key targets and active compounds, with puerarin showing the strongest affinity for MMP9. In microglial cells, XYS significantly enhances the gene and protein expression of MMP9. This study elucidated the pharmacological mechanism of co-treatment for BC patients complicated with depression and the pharmacological mechanism of XYS against BC plus depression.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Breast Neoplasms/complications ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Depression/etiology ; Depression/genetics ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Endopeptidases
Chemical Substances	xiaoyaosan ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (EC 3.4.24.35) ; Endopeptidases (EC 3.4.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80184-7
ISSN	1536-5964 ; 0025-7974
ISSN (online)	1536-5964
ISSN	0025-7974
DOI	10.1097/MD.0000000000035157
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Article ; Online: We are all Gang Chen.

Chen, Gang

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2022 Volume 375, Issue 6583, Page(s) 797

Abstract: Rampant wrongful prosecutions terrorize innocent people-everywhere. The scientific community is not immune to this. I know because I was a victim. I am a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) who was accused by the US government of ...

Abstract	Rampant wrongful prosecutions terrorize innocent people-everywhere. The scientific community is not immune to this. I know because I was a victim. I am a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) who was accused by the US government of fraud and questionable connections to Chinese entities. Earlier this year, I was finally exonerated-it took 2 years. I am painfully aware, however, that I am the luckiest among the unlucky. Many other Chinese American scientists are being unfairly investigated for similar alleged "crimes." Or they are simply leaving the country to avoid being targeted. My ordeal taught me that politics affects science and scientists, and that universities and funding agencies must stand up for faculty who are wrongfully prosecuted.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.abo6697
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Article ; Online: Thermodynamics of hydrogels for applications in atmospheric water harvesting, evaporation, and desalination.

Chen, Gang

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP

2022 Volume 24, Issue 20, Page(s) 12329–12345

Abstract: Most thermodynamic modeling of hydrogels is built on Flory's theories for the entropy of mixing and rubber elasticity, and Donnan's equilibrium conditions if polyelectrolyte polymer and mobile ions are involved. The entropy of mixing depends on the ... ...

Abstract	Most thermodynamic modeling of hydrogels is built on Flory's theories for the entropy of mixing and rubber elasticity, and Donnan's equilibrium conditions if polyelectrolyte polymer and mobile ions are involved. The entropy of mixing depends on the number of solvent and polymer molecules while the configurational entropy depends on the volume the polymer occupied. Flory's theory treated these two entropy terms in the Gibbs free energy on an equal basis: using the molecular numbers as the variable. I argue that the molecular number and volume are two independent thermodynamic variables and reformulate Flory's classical hydrogel thermodynamic model by minimizing the Helmholtz free energy of a combined system consisting of the hydrogel and its environment. This treatment enables us to unequivocally state that the osmotic pressure is the thermodynamic pressure of the solvent inside the hydrogel and to unambiguously write down the chemical potential of each species. The balance of the chemical potentials of the mobile species, including both the solvent and the mobile ions gives a set of equations that can be simultaneously used to solve for the equilibrium volume of the hydrogel, the osmotic pressure, and the Donnan potential, including their coupling. The model is used to study the thermodynamic properties of both pure and salty water in non-electrolyte and electrolyte hydrogels such as (1) the latent heat of evaporation, (2) the ability of hydrogels to retain water and to absorb water from the atmosphere, (3) the use of hydrogels for desalination
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1476244-4
ISSN	1463-9084 ; 1463-9076
ISSN (online)	1463-9084
ISSN	1463-9076
DOI	10.1039/d2cp00356b
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Study of non-pollution cultivation techniques of organic ecotype of melon crops considering population characteristics.

Chen, Gang

Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France)

2022 Volume 67, Issue 6, Page(s) 330–338

Abstract: Due to the requirement of melon yield, the cultivated seeds are overused with pesticides during the melon planting process, and the population characteristics are not considered, resulting in serious soil pesticide pollution during the melon planting ... ...

Abstract	Due to the requirement of melon yield, the cultivated seeds are overused with pesticides during the melon planting process, and the population characteristics are not considered, resulting in serious soil pesticide pollution during the melon planting process. Therefore, this study proposes an organic ecological pollution-free cultivation technology of melon considering population characteristics. The population characteristics of melon crops were determined by DNA molecular marker technology. On this basis, the organic ecotype pollution-free matrix of melon crops was formulated, and the bulk density, total porosity and aeration porosity of the matrix were determined. The MNL model method was used to control the spraying amount of melon cultivation, and the light condition of the melon growing environment was determined by the leaf fluorescence of melon crops. There were significant differences in plant height, stem diameter and leaf area between melons grown in the studied substrate and common soil. With the change of planting days, the height of the melon grown in this technology was always higher than that of the melon grown in common soil, and the maximum value was about 20 cm. As planting days changed, the stem thickness of melon crops grown with the substrate was initially lower than that of common soil, but quickly exceeded the thickness of common soil over time. The surface areas of the third and fourth leaves of the melon crops grown according to this technology varied with the days of planting. Early differences between the two substrates were not significant. However, in later stages, melons grow faster. In the early stage of melon production, the chlorophyll content of pollution-free cultivation was higher than that of common cultivation methods. The flowering period was the period with the highest chlorophyll content in both cultivation techniques. However, the highest content of melon chlorophyll under this technology was about 2.0 mg, and the highest content of melon chlorophyll under common cultivation technology was about 1.4 mg, which verifies the effectiveness of the method. It has been verified that pollution-free cultivation technology can effectively improve the growth efficiency of melon crops and ensure the quality of melon cultivation.
MeSH term(s)	Chlorophyll ; Crops, Agricultural ; Cucurbitaceae ; Ecotype ; Soil
Chemical Substances	Soil ; Chlorophyll (1406-65-1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-27
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1161779-2
ISSN	1165-158X ; 0145-5680
ISSN (online)	1165-158X
ISSN	0145-5680
DOI	10.14715/cmb/2021.67.6.43
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Online: Optimal and Heuristic Min-Reg Scheduling Algorithms for GPU Programs

Chen, Gang

2023

Abstract: Given a basic block of instructions, finding a schedule that requires the minimum number of registers for evaluation is a well-known problem. The problem is NP-complete when the dependences among instructions form a directed-acyclic graph instead of a ... ...

Abstract	Given a basic block of instructions, finding a schedule that requires the minimum number of registers for evaluation is a well-known problem. The problem is NP-complete when the dependences among instructions form a directed-acyclic graph instead of a tree. We are striving to find efficient approximation algorithms for this problem not simply because it is an interesting graph optimization problem in theory. A good solution to this problem is also an essential component in solving the more complex instruction scheduling problem on GPU. In this paper, we start with explanations on why this problem is important in GPU instruction scheduling. We then explore two different approaches to tackling this problem. First we model this problem as a constraint-programming problem. Using a state-of-the-art CP-SAT solver, we can find optimal answers for much larger cases than previous works on a modest desktop PC. Second, guided by the optimal answers, we design and evaluate heuristics that can be applied to the polynomial-time list scheduling algorithms. A combination of those heuristics can achieve the register-pressure results that are about 17\% higher than the optimal minimum on average. However, there are still near 6\% cases in which the register pressure by the heuristic approach is 50\% higher than the optimal minimum.
Keywords	Computer Science - Programming Languages ; Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-03-13
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Quadrupole moments and their interactions in the triangular lattice antiferromagnet FeI$_2$

Chen, Gang

2023

Abstract: Motivated by the recent experiments on the triangular lattice antiferromagnet FeI$_2$, we consider the presence of the quadrupole moments and their interactions between the spin-orbital-entangled local moments. In addition to the anisotropic pairwise ... ...

Abstract	Motivated by the recent experiments on the triangular lattice antiferromagnet FeI$_2$, we consider the presence of the quadrupole moments and their interactions between the spin-orbital-entangled local moments. In addition to the anisotropic pairwise interaction between the local moments, the interaction between the quadrupole moment arises from the interaction of the orbital occupation configurations. This is argued primarily from the time reversal symmetry and the different orbital configurations via their exchange paths. We discuss the implication of these interactions and expect this result to be complementary to the existing works in this system and other systems alike. Comment: to appear in Phys Rev Res Lett
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ; Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Publishing date	2023-07-03
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: A Simple Text to Video Model via Transformer

Chen, Gang

2023

Abstract: We present a general and simple text to video model based on Transformer. Since both text and video are sequential data, we encode both texts and images into the same hidden space, which are further fed into Transformer to capture the temporal ... ...

Abstract	We present a general and simple text to video model based on Transformer. Since both text and video are sequential data, we encode both texts and images into the same hidden space, which are further fed into Transformer to capture the temporal consistency and then decoder to generate either text or images. Considering the image signal may become weak in the long sequence, we introduce the U-Net to reconstruct image from its noised version. Specifically, we increase the noise level to the original image in the long sequence, then use the $down$ module from U-Net to encode noised images, which are further input to transformer to predict next clear images. We also add a constraint to promote motion between any generated image pair in the video. We use GPT2 and test our approach on UCF101 dataset and show it can generate promising videos. Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Computer Science - Computation and Language ; 68T10 ; I.2.6
Subject code	006 ; 004
Publishing date	2023-09-26
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: A mixed policy to improve performance of language models on math problems

Chen, Gang

2023

Abstract: When to solve math problems, most language models take a sampling strategy to predict next word according conditional probabilities. In the math reasoning step, it may generate wrong answer. Considering math problems are deterministic, we propose a mixed ...

Abstract	When to solve math problems, most language models take a sampling strategy to predict next word according conditional probabilities. In the math reasoning step, it may generate wrong answer. Considering math problems are deterministic, we propose a mixed policy exploration approach to solve math problems with reinforcement learning. In peculiar, we propose a two level token exploration policy: the abstract level explores next token with probability and the second level is deterministic. Specifically, the abstract level policy will decide whether the token is operator or operand with probability sampling, while the second level is deterministic to select next token with the highest score in a greedy way. We test our method on GSM8K dataset with GPT-2 model, and demonstrate more than $2\%$ performance gain. Our implementation is available at https://github.com/vividitytech/math_lm_rl. Comment: 7 pages
Keywords	Computer Science - Computation and Language ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Science - Machine Learning ; 68T10 ; I.2.6
Publishing date	2023-07-17
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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