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  1. Article ; Online: Cervical spine injuries.

    Chen, Jeff W

    Oral and maxillofacial surgery clinics of North America

    2008  Volume 20, Issue 3, Page(s) 381–391

    Abstract: This article describes the anatomy of the cervical spine and the most common types of fractures associated with the cervical spine. Cervical spinal cord syndromes are also reviewed because such syndromes discovered during neurologic examinations ... ...

    Abstract This article describes the anatomy of the cervical spine and the most common types of fractures associated with the cervical spine. Cervical spinal cord syndromes are also reviewed because such syndromes discovered during neurologic examinations frequently provide the first clue that there is an underlying spinal cord injury. Because most associated maxillofacial and spinal injuries occur in the setting of motor vehicle accidents, it is particularly important for the maxillofacial surgeon to be cognizant of the injuries, particularly in the context of the need for facial/cranial surgery. Appropriate measures are necessary to immobilize or fixate the spine before surgery to avoid exacerbating the spinal injury.
    MeSH term(s) Accidents, Traffic ; Brain Injuries/complications ; Cervical Vertebrae/anatomy & histology ; Cervical Vertebrae/blood supply ; Cervical Vertebrae/injuries ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Occipital Bone/anatomy & histology ; Occipital Bone/blood supply ; Occipital Bone/injuries ; Spinal Cord/anatomy & histology ; Spinal Fractures/complications ; Spinal Fractures/diagnosis ; Spinal Fractures/pathology ; Spondylolisthesis/etiology ; Vertebral Artery/anatomy & histology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1316546-x
    ISSN 1558-1365 ; 1042-3699
    ISSN (online) 1558-1365
    ISSN 1042-3699
    DOI 10.1016/j.coms.2008.03.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Consensus-based classification system for intra-operative management of labral tears during hip arthroscopy-aggregate recommendations from high-volume hip preservation surgeons.

    Lall, Ajay C / Annin, Shawn / Chen, Jeff W / Diulus, Samantha / Ankem, Hari K / Rosinsky, Philip J / Shapira, Jacob / Meghpara, Mitchell B / Maldonado, David R / Hartigan, David E / Krych, Aaron J / Levy, Bruce A / Domb, Benjamin G

    Journal of hip preservation surgery

    2021  Volume 7, Issue 4, Page(s) 644–654

    Abstract: The purpose of this study was to survey high-volume hip preservation surgeons regarding their perspectives on intra-operative management of labral tears to improve decision-making and produce an effective classification system. A cross-sectional survey ... ...

    Abstract The purpose of this study was to survey high-volume hip preservation surgeons regarding their perspectives on intra-operative management of labral tears to improve decision-making and produce an effective classification system. A cross-sectional survey of high-volume hip preservation surgeons was conducted in person and anonymously, using a questionnaire that is repeated for indications of labral debridement, repair and reconstruction given the torn labra are stable, unstable, viable or non-viable. Twenty-six high-volume arthroscopic hip surgeons participated in this survey. Provided the labrum was viable (torn tissue that is likely to heal) and stable, labral debridement would be performed by 76.92% of respondents for patients >40 years of age and by >84% of respondents for stable intra-substance labral tears in patients without dysplasia. If the labrum was viable but unstable, labral repair would be performed by >80% of respondents for patients ≤40 years of age and > 80% of respondents if the labral size was >3 mm and located anteriorly. Presence of calcified labra or the Os acetabuli mattered while deciding whether to repair a labrum. In non-viable (torn tissue that is unlikely to heal) and unstable labra, labral reconstruction would be performed by 84.62% of respondents if labral size was <3 mm. The majority of respondents would reconstruct calcified and non-viable, unstable labra that no longer maintained a suction seal. Surgeons performing arthroscopic hip labral treatment may utilize this comprehensive classification system, which takes into consideration patient age, labral characteristics (viability and stability) and bony morphology of the hip joint. When choosing between labral debridement, repair or reconstruction, consensus recommendations from high-volume hip preservation surgeons can enhance decision-making.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2773022-0
    ISSN 2054-8397
    ISSN 2054-8397
    DOI 10.1093/jhps/hnab043
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Decreasing the Cerebral Edema Associated with Traumatic Intracerebral Hemorrhages: Use of a Minimally Invasive Technique.

    Chen, Jeff W / Paff, Michelle R / Abrams-Alexandru, Daniella / Kaloostian, Sean W

    Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement

    2016  Volume 121, Page(s) 279–284

    Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem worldwide that affects all age groups. In the United States alone, there are approximately 50,000 deaths from severe traumatic brain injuries each year. In most studies, about 40 % of severe ... ...

    Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem worldwide that affects all age groups. In the United States alone, there are approximately 50,000 deaths from severe traumatic brain injuries each year. In most studies, about 40 % of severe TBI have associated traumatic intracerebral hemorrhages (tICHs). The surgical treatment of tICH is debated largely because of its invasive nature, particularly in reaching deep tICHs. tICHs have a clear contribution to mass effect and exacerbate cerebral edema and ICP because of the break-down products of hemorrhage. We introduce a modification of the Mi SPACE technique (Minimally Invasive Subcortical Parafascicular Transsulcal Access for Clot Evacuation) that is applicable to tICH. In brief, this technique utilizes a trans-sulcal, stereotactic-guided technique in which a specially designed cannula is used to introduce a 13.5-mm-diameter tube into the epicenter of the tICH. We identified eight tICHs that were treated entirely or in part with the modified Mi SPACE technique during the time period from August 15, 2014 to December 15, 2014. This modified technique was readily deployed safely and efficaciously with significant removal of the tICH as demonstrated by postoperative CT scans. The removal of tICH using this minimally invasive technique may help with the control of ICP and cerebral edema.
    MeSH term(s) Accidental Falls ; Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain Edema/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Edema/etiology ; Brain Edema/surgery ; Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic/complications ; Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic/surgery ; Craniotomy ; Drainage/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods ; Neuronavigation ; Neurosurgical Procedures/methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Stereotaxic Techniques ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Violence
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 0065-1419
    ISSN 0065-1419
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-18497-5_48
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Chloroquine treatment of ARPE-19 cells leads to lysosome dilation and intracellular lipid accumulation: possible implications of lysosomal dysfunction in macular degeneration.

    Chen, Patrick M / Gombart, Zoë J / Chen, Jeff W

    Cell & bioscience

    2011  Volume 1, Issue 1, Page(s) 10

    Abstract: Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in elderly people over 60. The pathogenesis is still unclear. It has been suggested that lysosomal stress may lead to drusen formation, a biomarker of AMD. In this ... ...

    Abstract Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in elderly people over 60. The pathogenesis is still unclear. It has been suggested that lysosomal stress may lead to drusen formation, a biomarker of AMD. In this study, ARPE-19 cells were treated with chloroquine to inhibit lysosomal function.
    Results: Chloroquine-treated ARPE-19 cells demonstrate a marked increase in vacuolation and dense intracellular debris. These are identified as chloroquine-dilated lysosomes and lipid bodies with LAMP-2 and LipidTOX co-localization, respectively. Dilation is an indicator of lysosomal dysfunction. Chloroquine disrupts uptake of exogenously applied rhodamine-labeled dextran by these cells. This suggests a disruption in the phagocytic pathway. The increase in LAMP protein levels, as assessed by Western blots, suggests the possible involvement in autophagy. Oxidative stress with H2O2 does not induce vacuolation or lipid accumulation.
    Conclusion: These findings suggest a possible role for lysosomes in AMD. Chloroquine treatment of RPE cells may provide insights into the cellular mechanisms underlying AMD.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-03-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2593367-X
    ISSN 2045-3701 ; 2045-3701
    ISSN (online) 2045-3701
    ISSN 2045-3701
    DOI 10.1186/2045-3701-1-10
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Autoreactivity in naïve human fetal B cells is associated with commensal bacteria recognition.

    Chen, Jeff W / Rice, Tyler A / Bannock, Jason M / Bielecka, Agata A / Strauss, Juliet D / Catanzaro, Jason R / Wang, Haowei / Menard, Laurence C / Anolik, Jennifer H / Palm, Noah W / Meffre, Eric

    Science (New York, N.Y.)

    2020  Volume 369, Issue 6501, Page(s) 320–325

    Abstract: Restricted V(D)J recombination during fetal development was postulated to limit antibody repertoire breadth and prevent autoimmunity. However, newborn serum contains abundant autoantibodies, suggesting that B cell tolerance during gestation is not yet ... ...

    Abstract Restricted V(D)J recombination during fetal development was postulated to limit antibody repertoire breadth and prevent autoimmunity. However, newborn serum contains abundant autoantibodies, suggesting that B cell tolerance during gestation is not yet fully established. To investigate this apparent paradox, we evaluated the reactivities of more than 450 antibodies cloned from single B cells from human fetal liver, bone marrow, and spleen. We found that incomplete B cell tolerance in early human fetal life favored the accumulation of polyreactive B cells that bound both apoptotic cells and commensal bacteria from healthy adults. Thus, the restricted fetal preimmune repertoire contains potentially beneficial self-reactive innate-like B cell specificities that may facilitate the removal of apoptotic cells during development and shape gut microbiota assembly after birth.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies/immunology ; Autoantibodies/immunology ; Autoantigens/immunology ; Autoimmunity ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Bacteria/immunology ; Female ; Fetus/immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Organ Specificity ; Pregnancy ; V(D)J Recombination
    Chemical Substances Antibodies ; Autoantibodies ; Autoantigens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.aay9733
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Positive and negative selection shape the human naive B cell repertoire.

    Chen, Jeff W / Schickel, Jean-Nicolas / Tsakiris, Nikolaos / Sng, Joel / Arbogast, Florent / Bouis, Delphine / Parisi, Daniele / Gera, Ruchi / Boeckers, Joshua M / Delmotte, Fabien R / Veselits, Margaret / Schuetz, Catharina / Jacobsen, Eva-Maria / Posovszky, Carsten / Schulz, Ansgar S / Schwarz, Klaus / Clark, Marcus R / Menard, Laurence / Meffre, Eric

    The Journal of clinical investigation

    2021  Volume 132, Issue 2

    Abstract: Although negative selection of developing B cells in the periphery is well described, yet poorly understood, evidence of naive B cell positive selection remains elusive. Using 2 humanized mouse models, we demonstrate that there was strong skewing of the ... ...

    Abstract Although negative selection of developing B cells in the periphery is well described, yet poorly understood, evidence of naive B cell positive selection remains elusive. Using 2 humanized mouse models, we demonstrate that there was strong skewing of the expressed immunoglobulin repertoire upon transit into the peripheral naive B cell pool. This positive selection of expanded naive B cells in humanized mice resembled that observed in healthy human donors and was independent of autologous thymic tissue. In contrast, negative selection of autoreactive B cells required thymus-derived Tregs and MHC class II-restricted self-antigen presentation by B cells. Indeed, both defective MHC class II expression on B cells of patients with rare bare lymphocyte syndrome and prevention of self-antigen presentation via HLA-DM inhibition in humanized mice resulted in the production of autoreactive naive B cells. These latter observations suggest that Tregs repressed autoreactive naive B cells continuously produced by the bone marrow. Thus, a model emerged, in which both positive and negative selection shaped the human naive B cell repertoire and that each process was mediated by fundamentally different molecular and cellular mechanisms.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antigen Presentation ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Female ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/immunology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, SCID ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
    Chemical Substances Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3067-3
    ISSN 1558-8238 ; 0021-9738
    ISSN (online) 1558-8238
    ISSN 0021-9738
    DOI 10.1172/JCI150985
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Chloroquine treatment of ARPE-19 cells leads to lysosome dilation and intracellular lipid accumulation

    Chen Patrick M / Gombart Zoë J / Chen Jeff W

    Cell & Bioscience, Vol 1, Iss 1, p

    possible implications of lysosomal dysfunction in macular degeneration

    2011  Volume 10

    Abstract: Abstract Background Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in elderly people over 60. The pathogenesis is still unclear. It has been suggested that lysosomal stress may lead to drusen formation, a biomarker of AMD. In ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in elderly people over 60. The pathogenesis is still unclear. It has been suggested that lysosomal stress may lead to drusen formation, a biomarker of AMD. In this study, ARPE-19 cells were treated with chloroquine to inhibit lysosomal function. Results Chloroquine-treated ARPE-19 cells demonstrate a marked increase in vacuolation and dense intracellular debris. These are identified as chloroquine-dilated lysosomes and lipid bodies with LAMP-2 and LipidTOX co-localization, respectively. Dilation is an indicator of lysosomal dysfunction. Chloroquine disrupts uptake of exogenously applied rhodamine-labeled dextran by these cells. This suggests a disruption in the phagocytic pathway. The increase in LAMP protein levels, as assessed by Western blots, suggests the possible involvement in autophagy. Oxidative stress with H 2 O 2 does not induce vacuolation or lipid accumulation. Conclusion These findings suggest a possible role for lysosomes in AMD. Chloroquine treatment of RPE cells may provide insights into the cellular mechanisms underlying AMD.
    Keywords Biotechnology ; TP248.13-248.65 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Biochemistry ; QD415-436
    Subject code 572
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: AIRE expression controls the peripheral selection of autoreactive B cells.

    Sng, Joel / Ayoglu, Burcu / Chen, Jeff W / Schickel, Jean-Nicolas / Ferre, Elise M N / Glauzy, Salomé / Romberg, Neil / Hoenig, Manfred / Cunningham-Rundles, Charlotte / Utz, Paul J / Lionakis, Michail S / Meffre, Eric

    Science immunology

    2019  Volume 4, Issue 34

    Abstract: Autoimmune regulator (AIRE) mutations result in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) syndrome characterized by defective central T cell tolerance and the production of many autoantibodies targeting tissue-specific ... ...

    Abstract Autoimmune regulator (AIRE) mutations result in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) syndrome characterized by defective central T cell tolerance and the production of many autoantibodies targeting tissue-specific antigens and cytokines. By studying CD3- and AIRE-deficient patients, we found that lack of either T cells or AIRE function resulted in the peripheral accumulation of autoreactive mature naïve B cells. Proteomic arrays and Biacore affinity measurements revealed that unmutated antibodies expressed by these autoreactive naïve B cells recognized soluble molecules and cytokines including insulin, IL-17A, and IL-17F, which are AIRE-dependent thymic peripheral tissue antigens targeted by autoimmune responses in APECED. AIRE-deficient patients also displayed decreased frequencies of regulatory T cells (T
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Autoantibodies/blood ; Autoantibodies/immunology ; Autoantibodies/metabolism ; Autoantigens/immunology ; Autoimmunity/genetics ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; CD3 Complex/deficiency ; CD3 Complex/genetics ; CD3 Complex/immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytokines/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance/genetics ; Lymphocyte Activation/genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune/blood ; Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune/genetics ; Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune/immunology ; Protein Array Analysis ; Proteomics/methods ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; Transcription Factors/deficiency ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcription Factors/immunology ; AIRE Protein
    Chemical Substances Autoantibodies ; Autoantigens ; CD3 Complex ; Cytokines ; Transcription Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2470-9468
    ISSN (online) 2470-9468
    DOI 10.1126/sciimmunol.aav6778
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Impaired ATM activation in B cells is associated with bone resorption in rheumatoid arthritis.

    Mensah, Kofi A / Chen, Jeff W / Schickel, Jean-Nicolas / Isnardi, Isabelle / Yamakawa, Natsuko / Vega-Loza, Andrea / Anolik, Jennifer H / Gatti, Richard A / Gelfand, Erwin W / Montgomery, Ruth R / Horowitz, Mark C / Craft, Joe E / Meffre, Eric

    Science translational medicine

    2019  Volume 11, Issue 519

    Abstract: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may display atypical ... ...

    Abstract Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may display atypical CD21
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/physiopathology ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins/metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Bone Density ; Bone Resorption/immunology ; Bone Resorption/physiopathology ; Cell Survival/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins/immunology ; Joints/pathology ; Lymphocyte Count ; Mice ; Middle Aged ; Osteogenesis ; Osteoprotegerin/metabolism ; Phenotype ; RANK Ligand/metabolism ; Receptors, Complement 3d/metabolism ; Recombination, Genetic/genetics
    Chemical Substances IgK ; Immunoglobulins ; Osteoprotegerin ; RANK Ligand ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2518854-9
    ISSN 1946-6242 ; 1946-6234
    ISSN (online) 1946-6242
    ISSN 1946-6234
    DOI 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw4626
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: A single domain antibody fragment that recognizes the adaptor ASC defines the role of ASC domains in inflammasome assembly.

    Schmidt, Florian I / Lu, Alvin / Chen, Jeff W / Ruan, Jianbin / Tang, Catherine / Wu, Hao / Ploegh, Hidde L

    The Journal of experimental medicine

    2016  Volume 213, Issue 5, Page(s) 771–790

    Abstract: Myeloid cells assemble inflammasomes in response to infection or cell damage; cytosolic sensors activate pro-caspase-1, indirectly for the most part, via the adaptors ASC and NLRC4. This leads to secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and pyroptosis. To ... ...

    Abstract Myeloid cells assemble inflammasomes in response to infection or cell damage; cytosolic sensors activate pro-caspase-1, indirectly for the most part, via the adaptors ASC and NLRC4. This leads to secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and pyroptosis. To explore complex formation under physiological conditions, we generated an alpaca single domain antibody, VHHASC, which specifically recognizes the CARD of human ASC via its type II interface. VHHASC not only impairs ASC(CARD) interactions in vitro, but also inhibits inflammasome activation in response to NLRP3, AIM2, and NAIP triggers when expressed in living cells, highlighting a role of ASC in all three types of inflammasomes. VHHASC leaves the Pyrin domain of ASC functional and stabilizes a filamentous intermediate of inflammasome activation. Incorporation of VHHASC-EGFP into these structures allowed the visualization of endogenous ASC(PYD) filaments for the first time. These data revealed that cross-linking of ASC(PYD) filaments via ASC(CARD) mediates the assembly of ASC foci.
    MeSH term(s) A549 Cells ; CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/immunology ; DNA-Binding Proteins/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammasomes/immunology ; Male ; Monocytes/immunology ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/immunology ; Neuronal Apoptosis-Inhibitory Protein/immunology ; Single-Chain Antibodies/immunology ; Single-Chain Antibodies/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances AIM2 protein, human ; CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins ; Cytoskeletal Proteins ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Inflammasomes ; NAIP protein, human ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ; NLRP3 protein, human ; Neuronal Apoptosis-Inhibitory Protein ; PYCARD protein, human ; Single-Chain Antibodies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-05-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218343-2
    ISSN 1540-9538 ; 0022-1007
    ISSN (online) 1540-9538
    ISSN 0022-1007
    DOI 10.1084/jem.20151790
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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