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  1. Article ; Online: Automatic Segmentation of Membranous Glottal Gap Area with U-Net-Based Architecture.

    Hackman, Acquah / Chen, Chih-Hua / Chen, Andy Wei-Ge / Chen, Mu-Kuan

    The Laryngoscope

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: While videostroboscopy is recognized as the most popular approach for investigating vocal fold function, evaluating the numerical values, such as the membranous glottal gap area, remains too time consuming for clinical applications.: ... ...

    Abstract Background: While videostroboscopy is recognized as the most popular approach for investigating vocal fold function, evaluating the numerical values, such as the membranous glottal gap area, remains too time consuming for clinical applications.
    Methods: We used a total of 2507 videostroboscopy images from 137 patients and developed five U-Net-based deep-learning image segmentation models for automatic masking of the membranous glottal gap area. To further validate the models, we used another 410 images from 41 different patients.
    Results: During development, all five models exhibited acceptable and similar metrics. While the VGG19 U-Net had a long inference time of 1654 ms, the other four models had more practical inference times, ranging from 16 to 138 ms. During further validation, Efficient U-Net demonstrated the highest intersection over union of 0.8455, the highest Dice coefficient of 0.9163, and the lowest Hausdorff distance of 1.5626. The normalized membranous glottal gap area index was also calculated and validated. Efficient U-Net and VGG19 U-Net exhibited the lowest mean squared errors (3.5476 and 3.3842) and the lowest mean absolute errors (1.8835 and 1.8396).
    Conclusions: Automatic segmentation of the membranous glottal gap area can be achieved through U-net-based architecture. Considering the segmentation quality and speed, Efficient U-Net is a reasonable choice for this task, while the other four models remain valuable competitors. The models' masked area enables possible calculation of the normalized membranous glottal gap area and analysis of the glottal area waveform, revealing promising clinical applications for this model.
    Level of evidence: NA Laryngoscope, 2024.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80180-x
    ISSN 1531-4995 ; 0023-852X
    ISSN (online) 1531-4995
    ISSN 0023-852X
    DOI 10.1002/lary.31266
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The Use of Immune Regulation in Treating Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC).

    Wang, Che-Wei / Biswas, Pulak Kumar / Islam, Atikul / Chen, Mu-Kuan / Chueh, Pin Ju

    Cells

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 5

    Abstract: Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising new treatment modality for head and neck cancer, offering the potential for targeted and effective cancer management. Squamous cell carcinomas pose significant challenges due to their aggressive nature and limited ...

    Abstract Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising new treatment modality for head and neck cancer, offering the potential for targeted and effective cancer management. Squamous cell carcinomas pose significant challenges due to their aggressive nature and limited treatment options. Conventional therapies such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy often have limited success rates and can have significant side effects. Immunotherapy harnesses the power of the immune system to recognize and eliminate cancer cells, and thus represents a novel approach with the potential to improve patient outcomes. In the management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), important contributions are made by immunotherapies, including adaptive cell therapy (ACT) and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. In this review, we are focusing on the latter. Immune checkpoint inhibitors target proteins such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) to enhance the immune response against cancer cells. The CTLA-4 inhibitors, such as ipilimumab and tremelimumab, have been approved for early-stage clinical trials and have shown promising outcomes in terms of tumor regression and durable responses in patients with advanced HNSCC. Thus, immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy holds promise in overcoming the limitations of conventional therapies. However, further research is needed to optimize treatment regimens, identify predictive biomarkers, and overcome potential resistance mechanisms. With ongoing advancements in immunotherapy, the future holds great potential for transforming the landscape of oral tumor treatment and providing new hope for patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Immunotherapy/adverse effects ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology
    Chemical Substances Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells13050413
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  3. Article: Comparison of Post-Tonsillectomy Hemorrhage between Monopolar and Plasma Blade Techniques.

    Chen, Andy Wei-Ge / Chen, Mu-Kuan

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 10

    Abstract: The plasma blade is an innovative device that was recently introduced for performing tonsillectomy. While one of the benefits of the plasma blade is limited thermal damage, the effects of plasma blades on postoperative hemorrhage have not been thoroughly ...

    Abstract The plasma blade is an innovative device that was recently introduced for performing tonsillectomy. While one of the benefits of the plasma blade is limited thermal damage, the effects of plasma blades on postoperative hemorrhage have not been thoroughly investigated. Patients who underwent tonsillectomy in our institution between January 2013 and September 2018 were retrospectively enrolled in the study. A total of 1214 patients were enrolled in the study, with 759 participants who underwent monopolar tonsillectomy and 455 participants who underwent plasma blade tonsillectomy. In total, 14 bleeding events occurred in the monopolar group, and 10 events occurred in the plasma blade group. The odds ratio for postoperative bleeding in the plasma blade group was 1.20 (95% CI 0.52 to 2.72). After adjusting for potential confounders, the adjusted odds ratio was 1.34 (95% CI 0.58 to 3.07). In conclusion, there is no significant difference in post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage rates between the traditional monopolar technique and plasma blade technique. Plasma blade tonsillectomy can be considered as safe as traditional monopolar tonsillectomy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm10102051
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  4. Article ; Online: The Interaction between CLSPN Gene Polymorphisms and Alcohol Consumption Contributes to Oral Cancer Progression.

    Hsieh, Ming-Ju / Lo, Yu-Sheng / Ho, Hsin-Yu / Lin, Chia-Chieh / Chuang, Yi-Ching / Chen, Mu-Kuan

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2024  Volume 25, Issue 2

    Abstract: Most disease single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are regulatory and approximately half of heritability is occupied by the top 1% of genes, with the gene-level structure varying with the number of variants associated with the most common alleles. ... ...

    Abstract Most disease single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are regulatory and approximately half of heritability is occupied by the top 1% of genes, with the gene-level structure varying with the number of variants associated with the most common alleles. Cancer occurrence and progression are significantly affected by Claspin (CLSPN) gene polymorphism present in the population, which alters the expression, function, and regulation of the gene. CLSPN genotypes are associated with oral cancer, but the literature on this association is limited. As a result, the goal of this study is to investigate the correlation between CLSPN genotypes and oral cancers' development. This study will explore the presence of four CLSPN SNPs including rs12058760, rs16822339, rs535638 and rs7520495 gene polymorphisms, and analyze the expression of these genes in 304 cancer-free controls and 402 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases. Attempts have been made to obtain insight into the role of CLSPN gene polymorphisms in oral cancer through the analysis of this study. We demonstrated that the OSCC risk of individuals with four CLSPN SNPs relative to the wild type did not differ significantly from that of the wild type when the polymorphisms are analyzed according to individual habits. We further studied the mechanism by which CLSPN polymorphisms affect the progression of clinicopathological features in OSCC patients. The results of the degree of cell differentiation showed that compared with patients of rs7520495 SNP carrying the CC genotype, the incidence of poor cell differentiation in patients carrying the CC + GG genotype was higher (AOR: 1.998-fold; 95% CI, 1.127-3.545; p = 0.018). In particular, patients with the G genotype of rs7520495 had increased poor cell differentiation compared with patients with the C genotype (AOR: 4.736-fold; 95% CI, 1.306-17.178; p = 0.018), especially in the drinking group. On the basis of our analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, we found that higher CLSPN levels were associated with poorer cell differentiation in oral cancers. In this study, we provide the first evidence showing that CLSPN SNPs contribute to oral cancer. Whether or not rs7520495 can be used as a confirmatory factor in the future is uncertain, but it seems likely that it can be used as an important factor in predicting recurrence, response to treatment and medication toxicity to patients with oral cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics ; Alcohol Drinking/genetics ; Mouth Neoplasms/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/genetics
    Chemical Substances Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; CLSPN protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms25021098
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  5. Article ; Online: Exploring return to work for patients with head and neck cancer.

    Lee, Li-Hung / Yang, Cheng-I / Chen, Mu-Kuan / Hsieh, Ming-Yu / Chen, Yen-Ju

    Work (Reading, Mass.)

    2023  Volume 77, Issue 1, Page(s) 231–241

    Abstract: Background: The number of survivors of head and neck cancer (HNC) has steadily increased due to major advances in cancer care. However, cancer survivors who experience job loss face different challenges regarding return to work (RTW). Relatively few ... ...

    Abstract Background: The number of survivors of head and neck cancer (HNC) has steadily increased due to major advances in cancer care. However, cancer survivors who experience job loss face different challenges regarding return to work (RTW). Relatively few studies have integrated the experience encountered by patients.
    Objective: This mixed-methods study aimed to explore the experience and challenges of RTW in patients with HNC.
    Methods: Data were collected with structured questionnaires (n = 120) and semi-structured face-to-face interviews (n = 12).
    Results: Relationships were found between patient's physical status, perceived stress, and social support. Patients who continued work, or not, had significant differences in reported physical function and stress. Four themes emerged from the qualitative data, including the perceived meaning of work, challenges for RTW, preparing for RTW, and social support. After diagnosis and treatment, patients perceived the meaning of work, such as personal value, responsibility, and financial need. They faced many challenges to RTW, including declining physical strength, workload, schedule rearrangement, speech difficulty, and changed appearance. In order to RTW, they prepared extensively and needed support from family and friends.
    Conclusion: This study revealed the experiences and challenges of RTW patients with HNC. The results allowed us to identify patients' concerns and ways that healthcare providers could improve the RTW process. Future studies may develop tailored approaches for RTW in healthcare and government policies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Return to Work ; Qualitative Research ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Survivors ; Cancer Survivors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-28
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1394194-x
    ISSN 1875-9270 ; 1051-9815
    ISSN (online) 1875-9270
    ISSN 1051-9815
    DOI 10.3233/WOR-220707
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  6. Article ; Online: Semilicoisoflavone B induces oral cancer cell apoptosis by targeting claspin and ATR-Chk1 signaling pathways.

    Hsieh, Ming-Ju / Lin, Chia-Chieh / Lo, Yu-Sheng / Chuang, Yi-Ching / Ho, Hsin-Yu / Chen, Mu-Kuan

    Environmental toxicology

    2024  Volume 39, Issue 4, Page(s) 2417–2428

    Abstract: The prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is increasing worldwide mainly due to poor oral hygiene and unrestricted lifestyle. Advanced-stage OSCC is associated with poor prognosis and a 5-year survival rate of only 30%-50%. The present study ... ...

    Abstract The prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is increasing worldwide mainly due to poor oral hygiene and unrestricted lifestyle. Advanced-stage OSCC is associated with poor prognosis and a 5-year survival rate of only 30%-50%. The present study was designed to investigate the anticancer effect and mode of action of Glycyrrhiza-derived semilicoisoflavone B (SFB) in 5-fluorourasil (5FU)-resistant human OSCC cell lines. The study findings revealed that SFB significantly reduces OSCC cell viability and colony formation ability by arresting cell cycle at the G2/M and S phases and reducing the expressions of key cell cycle regulators including cyclin A, cyclin B, CDC2, and CDK2. The compound caused a significant induction in the percentage of nuclear condensation and apoptotic cells in OSCC. Regarding pro-apoptotic mode of action, SFB was found to increase Fas-associated death domain and death receptor 5 expressions and reduce decoy receptor 2 expression, indicating involvement of extrinsic pathway. Moreover, SFB was found to increase pro-apoptotic Bim expression and reduce anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expressions, indicating involvement of intrinsic pathway. Moreover, SFB-mediated induction in cleaved caspases 3, 8, and 9 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase confirmed the induction of caspase-mediated apoptotic pathways. Regarding upstream signaling pathway, SFB was found to reduce extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK) phosphorylation to execute its pro-apoptotic activity. The Human Apoptotic Array findings revealed that SFB suppresses claspin expression, which in turn caused reduced phosphorylation of ATR, checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), Wee1, and CDC25C, indicating disruption of ATR-Chk1 signaling pathway by SFB. Taken together, these findings indicate that SFB acts as a potent anticancer compound against 5FU-resistant OSCC by modulating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and ATR-Chk1 signaling pathways.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Checkpoint Kinase 1 ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Mouth Neoplasms ; Apoptosis ; Signal Transduction ; Phosphorylation ; Fluorouracil ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ; Flavonoids
    Chemical Substances semilicoisoflavone B (T9TP371NFX) ; Checkpoint Kinase 1 (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Fluorouracil (U3P01618RT) ; ATR protein, human (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Flavonoids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1463449-1
    ISSN 1522-7278 ; 1520-4081
    ISSN (online) 1522-7278
    ISSN 1520-4081
    DOI 10.1002/tox.24107
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  7. Article ; Online: Arenobufagin induces cell apoptosis by modulating the cell cycle regulator claspin and the JNK pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.

    Ho, Hsin-Yu / Chen, Mu-Kuan / Lin, Chia-Chieh / Lo, Yu-Sheng / Chuang, Yi-Ching / Hsieh, Ming-Ju

    Expert opinion on therapeutic targets

    2024  , Page(s) 1–11

    Abstract: Background: The high recurrence rate and incidence of distant metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) result in poor prognosis. It is necessary to identify natural compounds that can complement combination radiation therapy. Arenobufagin is ... ...

    Abstract Background: The high recurrence rate and incidence of distant metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) result in poor prognosis. It is necessary to identify natural compounds that can complement combination radiation therapy. Arenobufagin is commonly used for heart diseases and liver cancer, but its effectiveness in NPC is unclear.
    Study design and methods: The effect of arenobufagin-induced apoptosis was measured by a cell viability assay, tumorigenic assay, fluorescence assay, and Western blot assay through NPC-039 and NPC-BM cell lines. The protease array, Western blot assay, and transient transfection were used to investigate the underlying mechanism of arenobufagin-induced apoptosis. An NPC xenograft model was established to explore the antitumor activity of arenobufagin
    Results: Our findings indicated that arenobufagin exerted cytotoxic effects on NPC cells, inhibiting proliferation through apoptosis activation. Downregulation of claspin was confirmed in arenobufagin-induced apoptosis. Combined treatment with arenobufagin and mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors demonstrated that arenobufagin induced NPC apoptosis through the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) pathway inhibition. Furthermore, arenobufagin suppressed NPC tumor proliferation in vivo.
    Conclusion: Our results revealed the antitumor effect of arenobufagin in vitro and in vivo. Arenobufagin may have clinical utility in treating NPC due to its suppression of claspin and inhibition of the JNK pathway.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2055208-7
    ISSN 1744-7631 ; 1472-8222
    ISSN (online) 1744-7631
    ISSN 1472-8222
    DOI 10.1080/14728222.2024.2348014
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: ASO Author Reflections: Tegafur-Uracil in Advanced Oral Cancer.

    Hsieh, Ming-Yu / Chen, Mu-Kuan

    Annals of surgical oncology

    2018  Volume 25, Issue Suppl 3, Page(s) 899–900

    MeSH term(s) Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; Mouth Neoplasms ; Tegafur
    Chemical Substances Tegafur (1548R74NSZ) ; Leucovorin (Q573I9DVLP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1200469-8
    ISSN 1534-4681 ; 1068-9265
    ISSN (online) 1534-4681
    ISSN 1068-9265
    DOI 10.1245/s10434-018-6952-1
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  9. Article ; Online: Relationship between Preoperative Nutritional Status and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer.

    Wang, En-Ying / Chen, Mu-Kuan / Hsieh, Ming-Yu / Kor, Chew-Teng / Liu, Yen-Tze

    Nutrients

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 24

    Abstract: The nutritional status in cancer patients is related to cancer survival and surgical outcome. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and post-operative clinical outcomes in head ...

    Abstract The nutritional status in cancer patients is related to cancer survival and surgical outcome. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and post-operative clinical outcomes in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. A total of 1282 head and neck cancer patients receiving surgical resection in Changhua Christian Hospital between 1 January 2010 and 30 August 2021 were recruited in the final analysis after undergoing propensity score matching analysis. The logistic regression model was used to assess the association of the PNI group with overall and various complications. The patients in the high PNI group had a significant lower incidence of overall complications, medical complications, and pulmonary complications; but not significant surgical complications. The high PNI group had lower mortality risk. The results in this study revealed that PNI score was a significant independent predictor of postoperative complications in HNC patients undergoing surgical resection. We recommend preoperative testing and evaluation of HNC patients to identify low PNI and high-risk groups for postoperative surveillance.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu14245331
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  10. Article ; Online: FAM13A polymorphisms are associated with a specific susceptibility to clinical progression of oral cancer in alcohol drinkers.

    Hsieh, Ming-Ju / Lo, Yu-Sheng / Tsai, Yun-Jung / Ho, Hsin-Yu / Lin, Chia-Chieh / Chuang, Yi-Ching / Lin, Shu-Hui / Chen, Mu-Kuan

    BMC cancer

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 607

    Abstract: Background: Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a genetic variation that occurs when a single nucleotide base in the DNA sequence varies between individuals and is present in at least 1% of the population. Genetic variants in FAM13A are associated ... ...

    Abstract Background: Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a genetic variation that occurs when a single nucleotide base in the DNA sequence varies between individuals and is present in at least 1% of the population. Genetic variants in FAM13A are associated with different types of chronic respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF), and lung cancer. However, there is little literature on the association of FAM13A genotypes with oral cancer. Therefore, this project will explore the correlation between the FAM13A genotype and the formation of oral cancer.
    Methods: In this project, we will examine the presence of gene polymorphisms gene polymorphisms of rs1059122, rs3017895, rs3756050, and rs7657817 in the FAM13A gene exon, and combine the expression of these genes to try to clarify the impact of the FAM13A gene polymorphism on oral cancer. First, four loci (rs1059122, rs3017895, rs3756050, and rs7657817) of the FAM13A SNP were genotyped using TaqMan allelic discrimination.
    Results: By estimating OR and AOR, FAM13A exhibited different genotypic variables in four SNPs that were not statistically significant between controls and patients with oral cancer. The results of the general analysis showed that different distributions of allelic types did not affect clinical stage, tumour size, lymph node invasion, distant metastasis, and pathological differentiation status. However, in the alcohol drinking group specifically, patients with the rs3017895 SNP G genotype had a 3.17-fold (95% CI, 1.102-9.116; p = 0.032) increase in the well differentiated state of cells compared to patients with the A allele.
    Conclusions: Our results suggested that the SNP rs3017895 FAM13A could contribute to oral cancer. More sample studies are needed in the future to confirm our results and more functional studies are needed to investigate their relevant roles in the development of oral cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Disease Progression ; Genes, Regulator ; GTPase-Activating Proteins/genetics ; Mouth Neoplasms/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances FAM13A protein, human ; GTPase-Activating Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041352-X
    ISSN 1471-2407 ; 1471-2407
    ISSN (online) 1471-2407
    ISSN 1471-2407
    DOI 10.1186/s12885-023-11052-5
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