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  1. Article ; Online: A gene for color differences between sexes.

    Chen, Nancy

    Science (New York, N.Y.)

    2020  Volume 368, Issue 6496, Page(s) 1185–1186

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Birds ; Pigmentation ; Sex Characteristics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.abc2242
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 27: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
    Zs.MG 77: Show issues

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  2. Article ; Online: Conservation: Bye-Bye to the Hihi?

    Chen, Nancy

    Current biology : CB

    2019  Volume 29, Issue 6, Page(s) R218–R220

    Abstract: Theoretically, small populations should be less capable of adapting to environmental change, yet empirical evidence is mixed. A new study on a rare New Zealand bird, the Hihi, uses genomics and long-term demographic data to reveal low adaptive potential. ...

    Abstract Theoretically, small populations should be less capable of adapting to environmental change, yet empirical evidence is mixed. A new study on a rare New Zealand bird, the Hihi, uses genomics and long-term demographic data to reveal low adaptive potential.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Environment ; New Zealand ; Passeriformes/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1071731-6
    ISSN 1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
    ISSN (online) 1879-0445
    ISSN 0960-9822
    DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2019.02.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3208: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article: Satisfaction with Teleophthalmology Services: Insights from Remote Areas of Taiwan.

    Chen, Nancy / Wang, Jen-Hung / Chiu, Cheng-Jen

    Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 12, Issue 8

    Abstract: During and after the COVID-19 pandemic, teleophthalmology provided access to eye care for rural populations. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of and satisfaction with an integrated real-time videoconferencing module. This project incorporated ... ...

    Abstract During and after the COVID-19 pandemic, teleophthalmology provided access to eye care for rural populations. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of and satisfaction with an integrated real-time videoconferencing module. This project incorporated ophthalmic instruments and telecommunication devices and provided on-site consultations via videoconferencing. Both patients and healthcare providers completed satisfaction questionnaires. From May 2020 to May 2021, this project provided eye care services to 395 patients (aged 6-90 years). The most frequent eye condition was chronic conjunctivitis (n = 197), followed by senile cataract (n = 163), dry eye (n = 103), and refractive error (n = 95). Among them, 40 (10.1%) patients were referred to secondary or tertiary hospitals for further evaluation or treatment. In total, 181 recruited respondents provided good satisfaction scores in all dimensions, including quality of medical care (4.50 of 5.00), financial aspects of care (4.48), supportive attitude toward the project (4.47), quality of service (4.40), and quality of telecommunication (4.40). Women had a substantially more supportive attitude toward the project, and 25 healthcare providers provided low ratings in areas representing the quality of telecommunication (4.04) and user-friendliness of the instrument (4.00). This teleophthalmology system provided efficient and satisfactory eye care to participants in remote communities. However, better internet access and training in instrument use can reduce obstacles to the future implementation of the project.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2721009-1
    ISSN 2227-9032
    ISSN 2227-9032
    DOI 10.3390/healthcare12080818
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  4. Article: Variability of Longshore Surface Current on the Shelf Edge and Continental Slope off the West Coast of Canada

    Han, Guoqi / Chen, Nancy

    Remote Sensing. 2022 Mar. 15, v. 14, no. 6

    2022  

    Abstract: The shelf-edge and continental slope current off the west coast of Canada has been monitored at a site off West Vancouver Island since 1985. However, observations at this site may not represent the characteristics of the shelf-edge and slope current off ... ...

    Abstract The shelf-edge and continental slope current off the west coast of Canada has been monitored at a site off West Vancouver Island since 1985. However, observations at this site may not represent the characteristics of the shelf-edge and slope current off the entire west coast of Canada. Here, we use along-track satellite altimetry data over six transects to investigate the characteristics of the surface geostrophic currents over the shelf edge and continental slope off the west coast of Canada from 1992 to 2020. It is shown that along-track satellite altimetry is well suited for monitoring longshore and climatic variations of the near-surface shelf-edge and slope currents off the west coast of Canada. It is found that the surface current over the shelf edge and slope has different features from the south to the north. While the surface current is poleward in winter and equatorward in summer off South Vancouver Island, it is poleward year-round off the rest of the west coast of Canada. The seasonal current anomalies show longshore correlation significant at the 95% confidence level, except at the North Haida Gwaii transect. The first empirical orthogonal function mode of the seasonal current anomalies is correlated with the longshore wind anomalies both off South Vancouver Island and off Oregon. However, this first mode is not correlated with either the Niño 3.4 index or the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index, though they often show large episodic events during strong El Niño and La Niña years. Consistent with previous findings, the present study indicates that the surface currents over the shelf edge and continental slope off the west coast of Canada are related to regional and remote longshore wind forcing.
    Keywords El Nino ; La Nina ; Oregon ; coasts ; satellite altimetry ; summer ; wind ; winter ; Canada
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0315
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2513863-7
    ISSN 2072-4292
    ISSN 2072-4292
    DOI 10.3390/rs14061407
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article: Ecological niche contributes to the persistence of the Western x Glaucous-winged Gull hybrid zone.

    Geng, Xuewen / Summers, Jeremy / Chen, Nancy

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: Hybrid zones occur in nature when populations with limited reproductive barriers overlap in space. Many hybrid zones persist over time, and different models have been proposed to explain how selection can maintain hybrid zone stability. More empirical ... ...

    Abstract Hybrid zones occur in nature when populations with limited reproductive barriers overlap in space. Many hybrid zones persist over time, and different models have been proposed to explain how selection can maintain hybrid zone stability. More empirical studies are needed to elucidate the role of ecological adaptation in maintaining stable hybrid zones. Here, we investigated the role of exogenous factors in maintaining a hybrid zone between western gulls (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.12.14.571742
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Addressing the Gap of Nutrition in Medical Education: Experiences and Expectations of Medical Students and Residents in France and the United States.

    Thircuir, Solenn / Chen, Nancy N / Madsen, Kristine A

    Nutrients

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 24

    Abstract: Distinct pedagogical approaches within medical curricula in France and in the U.S. reflect a growing recognition of the importance of nutrition to address major public health challenges. However, recent generations of medical students have expressed ... ...

    Abstract Distinct pedagogical approaches within medical curricula in France and in the U.S. reflect a growing recognition of the importance of nutrition to address major public health challenges. However, recent generations of medical students have expressed mixed opinions regarding nutrition education. What pedagogical approach may improve nutrition education? Despite different medical systems, students from both France and the U.S. share similar concerns and expectations, that nutrition knowledge must be embedded in the curriculum and must be engaging. Hands-on, system-based, epistemological, and multidisciplinary approaches need better articulation to forge a robust medical curriculum. In the rapidly changing contexts of medicine and public awareness, social science research may facilitate recommendations for improved nutrition education.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; United States ; Nutritional Sciences/education ; Students, Medical ; Motivation ; Education, Medical ; Nutritional Status ; Curriculum
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu15245054
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  7. Book ; Online: Controllable Multi-document Summarization

    Kurisinkel, Litton J / chen, Nancy F

    Coverage & Coherence Intuitive Policy with Large Language Model Based Rewards

    2023  

    Abstract: Memory-efficient large language models are good at refining text input for better readability. However, controllability is a matter of concern when it comes to text generation tasks with long inputs, such as multi-document summarization. In this work, we ...

    Abstract Memory-efficient large language models are good at refining text input for better readability. However, controllability is a matter of concern when it comes to text generation tasks with long inputs, such as multi-document summarization. In this work, we investigate for a generic controllable approach for multi-document summarization that leverages the capabilities of LLMs to refine the text. In particular, we train a controllable content extraction scheme to extract the text that will be refined by an LLM. The scheme is designed with a novel coverage and coherence intuitive policy, which is duly rewarded by a passively trained LLM. Our approach yields competitive results in the evaluation using ROUGE metrics and outperforms potential baselines in coherence, as per human evaluation.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Publishing date 2023-10-05
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Book ; Online: LLM Based Multi-Document Summarization Exploiting Main-Event Biased Monotone Submodular Content Extraction

    Kurisinkel, Litton J / Chen, Nancy F.

    2023  

    Abstract: Multi-document summarization is a challenging task due to its inherent subjective bias, highlighted by the low inter-annotator ROUGE-1 score of 0.4 among DUC-2004 reference summaries. In this work, we aim to enhance the objectivity of news summarization ... ...

    Abstract Multi-document summarization is a challenging task due to its inherent subjective bias, highlighted by the low inter-annotator ROUGE-1 score of 0.4 among DUC-2004 reference summaries. In this work, we aim to enhance the objectivity of news summarization by focusing on the main event of a group of related news documents and presenting it coherently with sufficient context. Our primary objective is to succinctly report the main event, ensuring that the summary remains objective and informative. To achieve this, we employ an extract-rewrite approach that incorporates a main-event biased monotone-submodular function for content selection. This enables us to extract the most crucial information related to the main event from the document cluster. To ensure coherence, we utilize a fine-tuned Language Model (LLM) for rewriting the extracted content into a coherent text. The evaluation using objective metrics and human evaluators confirms the effectiveness of our approach, as it surpasses potential baselines, demonstrating excellence in both content coverage, coherence, and informativeness.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Subject code 410
    Publishing date 2023-10-05
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Book ; Online: Picking the Underused Heads

    Liu, Zhengyuan / Chen, Nancy F.

    A Network Pruning Perspective of Attention Head Selection for Fusing Dialogue Coreference Information

    2023  

    Abstract: The Transformer-based models with the multi-head self-attention mechanism are widely used in natural language processing, and provide state-of-the-art results. While the pre-trained language backbones are shown to implicitly capture certain linguistic ... ...

    Abstract The Transformer-based models with the multi-head self-attention mechanism are widely used in natural language processing, and provide state-of-the-art results. While the pre-trained language backbones are shown to implicitly capture certain linguistic knowledge, explicitly incorporating structure-aware features can bring about further improvement on the downstream tasks. However, such enhancement often requires additional neural components and increases training parameter size. In this work, we investigate the attention head selection and manipulation strategy for feature injection from a network pruning perspective, and conduct a case study on dialogue summarization. We first rank attention heads in a Transformer-based summarizer with layer-wise importance. We then select the underused heads through extensive analysis, and inject structure-aware features by manipulating the selected heads. Experimental results show that the importance-based head selection is effective for feature injection, and dialogue summarization can be improved by incorporating coreference information via head manipulation.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Subject code 410
    Publishing date 2023-12-15
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article: Impacts of increasing isolation and environmental variation on Florida Scrub-Jay demography.

    Summers, Jeremy / Cosgrove, Elissa J / Bowman, Reed / Fitzpatrick, John W / Chen, Nancy

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2024  

    Abstract: Isolation caused by anthropogenic habitat fragmentation and degradation can destabilize populations. Population demography is shaped by complex interactions among local vital rates, environmental fluctuations, and changing immigration rates. Empirical ... ...

    Abstract Isolation caused by anthropogenic habitat fragmentation and degradation can destabilize populations. Population demography is shaped by complex interactions among local vital rates, environmental fluctuations, and changing immigration rates. Empirical studies of these interactions are critical for testing theoretical expectations of how populations respond to isolation. We used a 34-year demographic and environmental dataset from a population of Florida Scrub-Jays (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2024.01.10.575127
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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