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Article ; Online: CD1a and skin T cells: a pathway for therapeutic intervention.

Ye, John H / Chen, Yi-Ling / Ogg, Graham

2024 Volume 49, Issue 5, Page(s) 450–458

Abstract: The CD1 and MR1 protein families present lipid antigens and small molecules to T cells, complementing well-studied major histocompatibility complex-peptide mechanisms. The CD1a subtype is highly and continuously expressed within the skin, most notably on ...

Abstract	The CD1 and MR1 protein families present lipid antigens and small molecules to T cells, complementing well-studied major histocompatibility complex-peptide mechanisms. The CD1a subtype is highly and continuously expressed within the skin, most notably on Langerhans cells, and has been demonstrated to present self and foreign lipids to T cells, highlighting its cutaneous sentinel role. Alteration of CD1a-dependent T-cell responses has recently been discovered to contribute to the pathogenesis of several inflammatory skin diseases. In this review, we overview the structure and role of CD1a and outline the current evidence implicating CD1a in the development of psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Antigens, CD1/metabolism ; Antigens, CD1/immunology ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/immunology ; Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology ; Langerhans Cells/immunology ; Psoriasis/immunology ; Skin/immunology ; Skin/pathology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Skin Diseases/drug therapy ; Skin Diseases/metabolism ; Skin Diseases/pathology
Chemical Substances	Antigens, CD1 ; CD1a antigen
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	195504-4
ISSN	1365-2230 ; 0307-6938
ISSN (online)	1365-2230
ISSN	0307-6938
DOI	10.1093/ced/llad460
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Article ; Online: Advances and prospects of dynamic DNA nanostructures in biomedical applications.

Chen, Yiling / Shi, Sirong

RSC advances

2022 Volume 12, Issue 47, Page(s) 30310–30320

Abstract: With the rapid development of DNA nanotechnology, the emergence of stimulus-responsive dynamic DNA nanostructures (DDNs) has broken many limitations of static DNA nanostructures, making precise, remote, and reversible control possible. DDNs are ... ...

Abstract	With the rapid development of DNA nanotechnology, the emergence of stimulus-responsive dynamic DNA nanostructures (DDNs) has broken many limitations of static DNA nanostructures, making precise, remote, and reversible control possible. DDNs are intelligent nanostructures with certain dynamic behaviors that are capable of responding to specific stimuli. The responsible stimuli of DDNs include exogenous metal ions, light, pH,
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2046-2069
ISSN (online)	2046-2069
DOI	10.1039/d2ra05006d
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Book ; Online: Persuading a Behavioral Agent

Chen, Yiling / Lin, Tao

Approximately Best Responding and Learning

2023

Abstract: The classic Bayesian persuasion model assumes a Bayesian and best-responding receiver. We study a relaxation of the Bayesian persuasion model where the receiver can approximately best respond to the sender's signaling scheme. We show that, under natural ... ...

Abstract	The classic Bayesian persuasion model assumes a Bayesian and best-responding receiver. We study a relaxation of the Bayesian persuasion model where the receiver can approximately best respond to the sender's signaling scheme. We show that, under natural assumptions, (1) the sender can find a signaling scheme that guarantees itself an expected utility almost as good as its optimal utility in the classic model, no matter what approximately best-responding strategy the receiver uses; (2) on the other hand, there is no signaling scheme that gives the sender much more utility than its optimal utility in the classic model, even if the receiver uses the approximately best-responding strategy that is best for the sender. Together, (1) and (2) imply that the approximately best-responding behavior of the receiver does not affect the sender's maximal achievable utility a lot in the Bayesian persuasion problem. The proofs of both results rely on the idea of robustification of a Bayesian persuasion scheme: given a pair of the sender's signaling scheme and the receiver's strategy, we can construct another signaling scheme such that the receiver prefers to use that strategy in the new scheme more than in the original scheme, and the two schemes give the sender similar utilities. As an application of our main result (1), we show that, in a repeated Bayesian persuasion model where the receiver learns to respond to the sender by some algorithms, the sender can do almost as well as in the classic model. Interestingly, unlike (2), with a learning receiver the sender can sometimes do much better than in the classic model.
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory ; Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Economics - Theoretical Economics
Subject code	003
Publishing date	2023-02-07
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Book ; Online: Equilibrium and Learning in Fixed-Price Data Markets with Externality

Chen, Yiling / Hossain, Safwan

2023

Abstract: We propose modeling real-world data markets, where sellers post fixed prices and buyers are free to purchase from any set of sellers, as a simultaneous-move game between the buyers. A key component of this model is the negative externality buyers induce ... ...

Abstract	We propose modeling real-world data markets, where sellers post fixed prices and buyers are free to purchase from any set of sellers, as a simultaneous-move game between the buyers. A key component of this model is the negative externality buyers induce on one another due to purchasing data with a competitive advantage, a phenomenon exacerbated by data's easy replicability. We consider two settings. In the simpler complete-information setting, where all buyers know their valuations, we characterize both the existence and welfare properties of the pure-strategy Nash equilibrium in the presence of buyer externality. While this picture is bleak without any market intervention, reinforcing the limitations of current data markets, we prove that for a standard class of externality functions, market intervention in the form of a transaction cost can lead to a pure-strategy equilibrium with strong welfare guarantees. We next consider a more general setting where buyers start with unknown valuations and learn them over time through repeated data purchases. Our intervention is feasible in this regime as well, and we provide a learning algorithm for buyers in this online scenario that under some natural assumptions, achieves low regret with respect to both individual and cumulative utility metrics. Lastly, we analyze the promise and shortfalls of this intervention under a much richer model of externality. Our work paves the way for investigating simple interventions for existing data markets to address their shortcoming and the unique challenges put forth by data products.
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Subject code	303
Publishing date	2023-02-15
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: Comparative study of dietary phenols with Tartary buckwheat protein (2S/13S): impact on structure, binding sites and functionality of protein

Li, Dongze / Zhu, Ling / Wu, Qiming / Chen, Yiling / Wu, Gangcheng / Zhang, Hui

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2024 Jan. 30, v. 104, no. 2 p.698-706

2024

Abstract: BACKGROUND: This research was to investigate the interaction mechanism between 2S albumin and 13S globulin (2S and 13S, the most important storage proteins in Tartary buckwheat seeds) and three phenols (rutin, quercetin and myricetin) regarding the ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: This research was to investigate the interaction mechanism between 2S albumin and 13S globulin (2S and 13S, the most important storage proteins in Tartary buckwheat seeds) and three phenols (rutin, quercetin and myricetin) regarding the structural and antioxidant properties of their complexes. RESULTS: There are differences in the binding affinity of phenols for 2S and 13S. Rutin had a higher binding affinity for 2S, myricetin had a higher binding affinity for 13S, and 13S exhibited a higher affinity toward phenols than did 2S. Binding with phenols significantly changed the secondary and tertiary structures of 2S and 13S, decreased the surface hydrophobic value and enhanced the antioxidant capacity. Molecular docking and isothermal titration calorimetry showed that the binding processes were spontaneous and that there were hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic bonds and van der Waals force interactions between phenols and proteins. CONCLUSION: These findings could provide meaningful guidance for the further application of buckwheat protein complex. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Keywords	agriculture ; albumins ; antioxidant activity ; antioxidants ; buckwheat ; calorimetry ; comparative study ; globulins ; hydrogen ; hydrophobicity ; myricetin ; quercetin ; rutin ; titration ; van der Waals forces
Language	English
Dates of publication	2024-0130
Size	p. 698-706.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	184116-6
ISSN	1097-0010 ; 0022-5142
ISSN (online)	1097-0010
ISSN	0022-5142
DOI	10.1002/jsfa.12960
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Rare type of tracheal agenesis: Unexpected presentation and immediate consideration of emergent esophageal intubation in neonatal resuscitation program. Case reports and review of the literature.

Wu, Yi-Hsin / Hsiao, Ching-Heng / Chen, Yi-Ling / Tsai, Li-Yi / Mu, Shu-Chi

Pediatric pulmonology

2024

Abstract: Background: Tracheal agenesis, or tracheal atresia, is a rare congenital anomaly. The presence of a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) can help with breathing for newborns with tracheal agenesis. In this article, we presented three unique cases and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Tracheal agenesis, or tracheal atresia, is a rare congenital anomaly. The presence of a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) can help with breathing for newborns with tracheal agenesis. In this article, we presented three unique cases and outcomes of neonates with tracheal agenesis along with a review of the literature. Methods: This study consisted of a single center case series followed by a review of literature. Case reports were generated using both written and electronic medical records from a single hospital. We summarized three unique cases and outcomes of neonates with tracheal agenesis and performed a review of the literature. Results: We identified three cases of tracheal agenesis presented with severe cyanosis without spontaneous crying upon birth. Experienced pediatricians attempted to intubate the babies but were unsuccessful. Endotracheal tubes were subsequently either accidentally or purposely placed into the esophagus, and oxygen saturation levels improved. This suggested tracheal agenesis with TEF. Two cases underwent surgical intervention after resuscitation with esophageal intubation. Conclusion: Esophageal intubation may be a life-sustaining ventilation support for patients with tracheal agenesis and TEF at initial resuscitation. Clinicians should suspect tracheal agenesis when a newborn presents with severe cyanosis and voiceless crying upon birth, and esophageal intubation should be immediately attempted.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632784-9
ISSN	1099-0496 ; 8755-6863
ISSN (online)	1099-0496
ISSN	8755-6863
DOI	10.1002/ppul.26990
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Book ; Online: Sample Complexity of Forecast Aggregation

Lin, Tao / Chen, Yiling

2022

Abstract: We consider a Bayesian forecast aggregation model where $n$ experts, after observing private signals about an unknown binary event, report their posterior beliefs about the event to a principal, who then aggregates the reports into a single prediction ... ...

Abstract	We consider a Bayesian forecast aggregation model where $n$ experts, after observing private signals about an unknown binary event, report their posterior beliefs about the event to a principal, who then aggregates the reports into a single prediction for the event. The signals of the experts and the outcome of the event follow a joint distribution that is unknown to the principal, but the principal has access to i.i.d. "samples" from the distribution, where each sample is a tuple of the experts' reports (not signals) and the realization of the event. Using these samples, the principal aims to find an $\varepsilon$-approximately optimal aggregator, where optimality is measured in terms of the expected squared distance between the aggregated prediction and the realization of the event. We show that the sample complexity of this problem is at least $\tilde \Omega(m^{n-2} / \varepsilon)$ for arbitrary discrete distributions, where $m$ is the size of each expert's signal space. This sample complexity grows exponentially in the number of experts $n$. But, if the experts' signals are independent conditioned on the realization of the event, then the sample complexity is significantly reduced, to $\tilde O(1 / \varepsilon^2)$, which does not depend on $n$. Our results can be generalized to non-binary events. The proof of our results uses a reduction from the distribution learning problem and reveals the fact that forecast aggregation is almost as difficult as distribution learning. Comment: Accepted by NeurIPS 2023 (spotlight)
Keywords	Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory ; Economics - Theoretical Economics
Subject code	519
Publishing date	2022-07-26
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Learning When to Advise Human Decision Makers

Noti, Gali / Chen, Yiling

2022

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly used for providing advice to facilitate human decision making in a wide range of domains, such as healthcare, criminal justice, and finance. Motivated by limitations of the current practice where ... ...

Abstract	Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly used for providing advice to facilitate human decision making in a wide range of domains, such as healthcare, criminal justice, and finance. Motivated by limitations of the current practice where algorithmic advice is provided to human users as a constant element in the decision-making pipeline, in this paper we raise the question of when should algorithms provide advice? We propose a novel design of AI systems in which the algorithm interacts with the human user in a two-sided manner and aims to provide advice only when it is likely to be beneficial for the user in making their decision. The results of a large-scale experiment show that our advising approach manages to provide advice at times of need and to significantly improve human decision making compared to fixed, non-interactive, advising approaches. This approach has additional advantages in facilitating human learning, preserving complementary strengths of human decision makers, and leading to more positive responsiveness to the advice. Comment: Published in Proceedings of the 32nd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI '23)
Keywords	Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2022-09-27
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: Modified early intensive and treat-and-extend regimen of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for diabetic macular edema in Taiwan.

Chou, Jui-Feng / Wu, Jian-Sheng / Chen, Yi-Ling / Chen, San-Ni

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 19349

Abstract: Given the rising prevalence of patients with diabetes and increasing treatment burden for patients with vision-threatening diabetic macular edema (DME), we aimed to explore the efficacy of modified early intensive and treat-and-extend regimen of anti- ... ...

Abstract	Given the rising prevalence of patients with diabetes and increasing treatment burden for patients with vision-threatening diabetic macular edema (DME), we aimed to explore the efficacy of modified early intensive and treat-and-extend regimen of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy under the Taiwan National Insurance Bureau reimbursement policy. We obtained data on 69 eyes treated with initial 4-monthly intravitreal injections of aflibercept or ranibizumab, plus individualized treat-and-extend regimen. At 12 months, the mean (SD) change in LogMAR best corrected visual acuity from baseline was - 0.28 (0.31) in all eyes, while that in the aflibercept and ranibizumab groups were - 0.30 (0.34) and - 0.25 (0.28), respectively. Central retinal thickness decreased by 137.2 (122.4) in all eyes, 138.1 (134.2) in the aflibercept group, and 136.2 (110.9) in the ranibizumab group. Additionally, the aflibercept group had a lower mean number of injections than the ranibizumab group (8.5 vs. 8.7). The last extended dosing interval of > 12 weeks was 31.0% and 16.7% of the eyes in the aflibercept and ranibizumab groups, respectively. The modified anti-VEGF regimens effectively managed DME in terms of functional and anatomical outcomes, and efficiently reduced the healthcare burden by reducing the number of injections and extending treatment intervals within 12 months.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Ranibizumab ; Macular Edema/drug therapy ; Diabetic Retinopathy/drug therapy ; Diabetic Retinopathy/chemically induced ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; Taiwan ; Visual Acuity ; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/therapeutic use ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ; Intravitreal Injections ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/therapeutic use ; Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Ranibizumab (ZL1R02VT79) ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-43931-z
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Article ; Online: A Robust GPS Navigation Filter Based on Maximum Correntropy Criterion with Adaptive Kernel Bandwidth.

Jwo, Dah-Jing / Chen, Yi-Ling / Cho, Ta-Shun / Biswal, Amita

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 23, Issue 23

Abstract: Multiple forms of interference and noise that impact the receiver's capacity to receive and interpret satellite signals, and consequently the preciseness of positioning and navigation, may be present during the processing of Global Positioning System ( ... ...

Abstract	Multiple forms of interference and noise that impact the receiver's capacity to receive and interpret satellite signals, and consequently the preciseness of positioning and navigation, may be present during the processing of Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation. The non-Gaussian noise predominates in the signal owing to the fluctuating character of both natural and artificial electromagnetic interference, and the algorithm based on the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) criterion performs well when assuming Gaussian noise, but drops when assuming non-Gaussian noise. The maximum correntropy criteria (MCC) adaptive filtering technique efficiently reduces pulse noise and has adequate performance in heavy-tailed noise, which addresses the issue of filter performance caused by the presence of non-Gaussian or heavy-tailed unusual noise values in the localizing measurement noise. The adaptive kernel bandwidth (AKB) technique employed in this paper applies the calculated adaptive variables to generate the kernel function matrix, in which the adaptive factor can modify the size of the kernel width across a reasonably appropriate spectrum, substituting the fixed kernel width for the conventional MCC to enhance the performance. The conventional maximum correntropy criterion-based extended Kalman filter (MCCEKF) algorithm's performance is significantly impacted by the value of the kernel width, and there are certain predetermined conditions in the selection based on experience. The MCCEKF with a fixed adaptive kernel bandwidth (MCCEKF-AKB) has several advantages due to its novel concept and computational simplicity, and gives a qualitative solution for the study of random structures for generalized noise. Additionally, it can effectively achieve the robust state estimation of outliers with anomalous values while guaranteeing the accuracy of the filtering.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s23239386
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