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Article ; Online: Risk of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infection in Patients with Bloodstream Infection: Microbiologic Effect in the Era of Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography.

Chesdachai, Supavit / DeSimone, Daniel C / Baddour, Larry M

2023 Volume 25, Issue 8, Page(s) 781–793

Abstract: Purpose of review: Bloodstream infection (BSI) in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) is common and can prompt challenges in defining optimal management. We provide a contemporary narrative review of this topic and propose a ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Bloodstream infection (BSI) in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) is common and can prompt challenges in defining optimal management. We provide a contemporary narrative review of this topic and propose a pathogen-dependent clinical approach to patient management. Recent findings: BSI due to staphylococci, viridans group streptococci, and enterococci is associated with an increased risk of underlying CIED infection, while the risk of CIED infection due to other organisms is poorly defined. There is growing evidence that positron emission tomography-computed tomography may be helpful in some patients with BSI and underlying CIED. Twenty studies were included to examine the impact of microbiologic findings on the risk of CIED infection among patients with BSI. Diagnosis of CIED infection in patients with BSI without pocket findings is often difficult, necessitating the use of novel diagnostic tools to help guide the clinician in subsequent patient management.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods ; Defibrillators, Implantable/adverse effects ; Heart Diseases/complications ; Sepsis/complications ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/etiology ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/microbiology ; Pacemaker, Artificial/adverse effects ; Pacemaker, Artificial/microbiology ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2055373-0
ISSN	1534-3170 ; 1523-3782
ISSN (online)	1534-3170
ISSN	1523-3782
DOI	10.1007/s11886-023-01900-y
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Zs.A 5524: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Genitourinary Tract Infections in Patients Taking SGLT2 Inhibitors: JACC Review Topic of the Week.

Kittipibul, Veraprapas / Cox, Zachary L / Chesdachai, Supavit / Fiuzat, Mona / Lindenfeld, JoAnn / Mentz, Robert J

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

2024 Volume 83, Issue 16, Page(s) 1568–1578

Abstract: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have been shown to reduce adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, all-cause mortality, and heart failure hospitalization in patients with heart failure, as well as ... ...

Abstract	Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have been shown to reduce adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, all-cause mortality, and heart failure hospitalization in patients with heart failure, as well as adverse renal outcomes. However, concerns regarding the heightened risk of genitourinary (GU) infections, particularly urinary tract infections, remain a significant barrier to their wider adoption. Addressing these misconceptions using existing evidence is needed to ensure proper risk-benefit assessment and optimal utilization of this efficacious therapy. This review aims to provide a balanced perspective on the evidence-based cardiovascular and renal benefits of SGLT2is and the associated risk of GU infections. We also summarize and propose clinical practice considerations for SGLT2i-associated GU infections focusing on patients with cardiovascular disease.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Heart Failure/drug therapy ; Urinary Tract Infections/chemically induced ; Urinary Tract Infections/complications ; Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors ; Hypoglycemic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	605507-2
ISSN	1558-3597 ; 0735-1097
ISSN (online)	1558-3597
ISSN	0735-1097
DOI	10.1016/j.jacc.2024.01.040
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Zs.A 1846: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 196: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Infective Endocarditis Involving Implanted Cardiac Electronic Devices: JACC Focus Seminar 1/4.

Chesdachai, Supavit / Esquer Garrigos, Zerelda / DeSimone, Christopher V / DeSimone, Daniel C / Baddour, Larry M

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

2024 Volume 83, Issue 14, Page(s) 1326–1337

Abstract: Cardiac implantable electronic device-related infective endocarditis (CIED-IE) encompasses a range of clinical syndromes, including valvular, device lead, and bloodstream infections. However, accurately diagnosing CIED-IE remains challenging owing in ... ...

Abstract	Cardiac implantable electronic device-related infective endocarditis (CIED-IE) encompasses a range of clinical syndromes, including valvular, device lead, and bloodstream infections. However, accurately diagnosing CIED-IE remains challenging owing in part to diverse clinical presentations, lack of standardized definition, and variations in guideline recommendations. Furthermore, current diagnostic modalities, such as transesophageal echocardiography and [
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Defibrillators, Implantable/adverse effects ; Pacemaker, Artificial/adverse effects ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/etiology ; Endocarditis/diagnosis ; Endocarditis/etiology ; Endocarditis, Bacterial/complications ; Sepsis
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	605507-2
ISSN	1558-3597 ; 0735-1097
ISSN (online)	1558-3597
ISSN	0735-1097
DOI	10.1016/j.jacc.2023.11.036
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Zs.A 1846: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 196: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A tale of two unusual anaerobic bacterial infections in an immunocompetent man: A case report and literature review.

Chesdachai, Supavit / Eberly, Allison R / Razonable, Raymund R

Anaerobe

2021 Volume 71, Page(s) 102416

Abstract: We report a case of an immunocompetent man who presented with Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis bacteremia, followed by an epidural abscess due to Parvimonas micra. Only few cases have described unique clinical features related to both organisms, and this ... ...

Abstract	We report a case of an immunocompetent man who presented with Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis bacteremia, followed by an epidural abscess due to Parvimonas micra. Only few cases have described unique clinical features related to both organisms, and this report illustrates two distinct sequential, if not concurrent, syndromes due to these anaerobes.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Bacteremia/drug therapy ; Bacteremia/immunology ; Bacteremia/microbiology ; Desulfovibrio/drug effects ; Desulfovibrio/genetics ; Desulfovibrio/isolation & purification ; Desulfovibrio/physiology ; Epidural Abscess/drug therapy ; Epidural Abscess/microbiology ; Female ; Firmicutes/drug effects ; Firmicutes/genetics ; Firmicutes/isolation & purification ; Firmicutes/physiology ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/drug therapy ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	1237621-8
ISSN	1095-8274 ; 1075-9964
ISSN (online)	1095-8274
ISSN	1075-9964
DOI	10.1016/j.anaerobe.2021.102416
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Zs.A 4318: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Percutaneous mechanical aspiration in patients with right-sided infective endocarditis: An analysis of the national inpatient sample database-2016-2020.

Haddad, Sara F / Lahr, Brian D / El Sabbagh, Abdallah / Wilson, Walter R / Chesdachai, Supavit / DeSimone, Daniel C / Baddour, Larry M

Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions

2024 Volume 103, Issue 3, Page(s) 464–471

Abstract: Background: Given the challenges of conventional therapies in managing right-sided infective endocarditis (RSIE), percutaneous mechanical aspiration (PMA) of vegetations has emerged as a novel treatment option. Data on trends, characteristics, and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Given the challenges of conventional therapies in managing right-sided infective endocarditis (RSIE), percutaneous mechanical aspiration (PMA) of vegetations has emerged as a novel treatment option. Data on trends, characteristics, and outcomes of PMA, however, have largely been limited to case reports and case series. Aims: The aim of the current investigation was to provide a descriptive analysis of PMA in the United States and to profile the frequency of PMA with a temporal analysis and the patient cohort. Methods: The International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes were used to identify patients with RSIE in the national (nationwide) inpatient sample (NIS) database between 2016 and 2020. The clinical characteristics and temporal trends of RSIE hospitalizations in patients who underwent PMA was profiled. Results: An estimated 117,955 RSIE-related hospital admissions in the United States over the 5-year study period were estimated and 1675 of them included PMA. Remarkably, the rate of PMA for RSIE increased 4.7-fold from 2016 (0.56%) to 2020 (2.62%). Patients identified with RSIE who had undergone PMA were young (medial age 36.5 years) and had few comorbid conditions (median Charlson Comorbidity Index, 0.6). Of note, 36.1% of patients had a history of hepatitis C infection, while only 9.9% of patients had a cardiovascular implantable electronic device. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant (61.8%) pathogen. Concomitant transvenous lead extraction and cardiac valve surgery during the PMA hospitalization were performed in 18.2% and 8.4% of admissions, respectively. The median hospital stay was 19.0 days, with 6.0% in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: The marked increase in the number of PMA procedures in the United States suggests that this novel treatment option has been embraced as a useful tool in select cases of RSIE. More work is needed to better define indications for the procedure and its efficacy and safety.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; Adult ; Inpatients ; Suction ; Treatment Outcome ; Retrospective Studies ; Endocarditis/diagnosis ; Endocarditis/therapy ; Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis ; Endocarditis, Bacterial/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1459995-8
ISSN	1522-726X ; 1522-1946
ISSN (online)	1522-726X
ISSN	1522-1946
DOI	10.1002/ccd.30958
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Zs.A 1226: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Post-treatment outcomes of ceftriaxone versus antistaphylococcal penicillins or cefazolin for definitive therapy of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

Yetmar, Zachary A / Khodadadi, Ryan B / Go, John Raymond / Chesdachai, Supavit / Abu Saleh, Omar M

European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology

2023 Volume 42, Issue 4, Page(s) 423–430

Abstract: Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia is associated with poor outcomes. Ceftriaxone offers logistical advantages over other standard therapies, though in vitro studies have questioned its efficacy and clinical studies of ... ...

Abstract	Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia is associated with poor outcomes. Ceftriaxone offers logistical advantages over other standard therapies, though in vitro studies have questioned its efficacy and clinical studies of ceftriaxone in MSSA bacteremia are conflicting.We performed a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of adult patients who received ceftriaxone, cefazolin, or antistaphylococcal penicillins as definitive therapy for MSSA bacteremia from 2018 to 2019. Definitive therapy was defined as the antibiotic used in the outpatient setting. Patients were excluded if they received less than 7 days of outpatient therapy. Follow-up started on the date of definitive therapy completion. The primary outcome was 90-day treatment failure, defined as a composite of mortality and microbiologic recurrence. This was analyzed with multivariable Cox regression. A total of 223 patients were included, 37 (16.6%) of whom received ceftriaxone. The most common ceftriaxone dose was 2 g daily (83.8%). The most common primary site of infection was skin/soft tissue (37.2%), unknown (21.1%), and catheter-related (15.2%). Twenty-six (11.7%) developed infective endocarditis. Median total duration of treatment was 31.0 days, and median outpatient duration was 24.0 days. Twenty-six (11.7%) developed 90-day treatment failure. After adjusting for Charlson comorbidity index, duration of therapy, and use of transesophageal echocardiography, definitive treatment with ceftriaxone was associated with treatment failure (hazard ratio 2.66, 95% confidence interval 1.15-6.12; p=0.022). Among patients with MSSA bacteremia, definitive treatment with ceftriaxone was associated with a higher risk of treatment failure within 90 days as compared to cefazolin or antistaphylococcal penicillins.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Cefazolin/therapeutic use ; Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use ; Penicillins/therapeutic use ; Methicillin/pharmacology ; Methicillin/therapeutic use ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Bacteremia/drug therapy ; Bacteremia/microbiology
Chemical Substances	Cefazolin (IHS69L0Y4T) ; Ceftriaxone (75J73V1629) ; Penicillins ; Methicillin (Q91FH1328A) ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-17
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603155-9
ISSN	1435-4373 ; 0934-9723 ; 0722-2211
ISSN (online)	1435-4373
ISSN	0934-9723 ; 0722-2211
DOI	10.1007/s10096-023-04575-z
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Zs.A 1732: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of pancreatic fungal infection in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis.

Chesdachai, Supavit / Yetmar, Zachary A / Lahr, Brian D / Vege, Santhi Swaroop / Vergidis, Paschalis

Medical mycology

2023 Volume 61, Issue 7

Abstract: Pancreatic fungal infection (PFI) in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The incidence of PFI has increased during the past decade. Our study aimed to provide contemporary observations on the clinical ... ...

Abstract	Pancreatic fungal infection (PFI) in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The incidence of PFI has increased during the past decade. Our study aimed to provide contemporary observations on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of PFI in comparison to pancreatic bacterial infection and necrotizing pancreatitis without infection. We conducted a retrospective study of patients with necrotizing pancreatitis (acute necrotic collection or walled-off necrosis), who underwent pancreatic intervention (necrosectomy and/or drainage) and had tissue/fluid culture between 2005 and 2021. We excluded patients with pancreatic procedures prior to hospitalization. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression models were fitted for in-hospital and 1-year survival outcomes. A total of 225 patients with necrotizing pancreatitis were included. Pancreatic fluid and/or tissue was obtained from endoscopic necrosectomy and/or drainage (76.0%), CT-guided percutaneous aspiration (20.9%), or surgical necrosectomy (3.1%). Nearly half of the patients had PFI with or without concomitant bacterial infection (48.0%), while the remaining patients had either bacterial infection alone (31.1%) or no infection (20.9%). In multivariable analysis to assess the risk of PFI or bacterial infection alone, only previous pancreatitis was associated with an increased odds of PFI vs. no infection (OR 4.07, 95% CI 1.13-14.69, p = .032). Multivariable regression analyses revealed no significant differences in in-hospital outcomes or one-year survival between the 3 groups. Pancreatic fungal infection occurred in nearly half of necrotizing pancreatitis. Contrary to many of the previous reports, there was no significant difference in important clinical outcomes between the PFI group and each of the other two groups.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Retrospective Studies ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/complications ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/surgery ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/microbiology ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/veterinary ; Bacterial Infections/epidemiology ; Bacterial Infections/veterinary ; Mycoses/complications ; Mycoses/veterinary ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1421796-x
ISSN	1460-2709 ; 1369-3786
ISSN (online)	1460-2709
ISSN	1369-3786
DOI	10.1093/mmy/myad068
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Zs.A 520: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Clinical characteristics of central nervous system phaeohyphomycosis: A brief report of 20 years' experience.

Chesdachai, Supavit / Yetmar, Zachary A / Tabaja, Hussam / Wengenack, Nancy L / Abu Saleh, Omar M

Medical mycology

2023 Volume 61, Issue 6

Abstract: Central nervous system (CNS) phaeohyphomycosis is a rare and often fatal fungal infection. Our study reported a case series of eight CNS phaeohyphomycosis cases at our institution over the past 20 years. We did not observe the common pattern of risk ... ...

Abstract	Central nervous system (CNS) phaeohyphomycosis is a rare and often fatal fungal infection. Our study reported a case series of eight CNS phaeohyphomycosis cases at our institution over the past 20 years. We did not observe the common pattern of risk factors, abscess location, or number of abscesses among them. Most patients were immunocompetent without classic risk factors for fungal infection. Early diagnosis and aggressive management with surgical intervention and prolonged antifungal therapy can lead to a favorable outcome. The study highlights the need for further research to better understand the pathogenesis and optimal management of this challenging rare infection.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Phaeohyphomycosis/diagnosis ; Phaeohyphomycosis/drug therapy ; Phaeohyphomycosis/microbiology ; Phaeohyphomycosis/veterinary ; Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis/diagnosis ; Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis/drug therapy ; Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis/veterinary ; Mycoses/drug therapy ; Mycoses/veterinary ; Risk Factors ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Antifungal Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1421796-x
ISSN	1460-2709 ; 1369-3786
ISSN (online)	1460-2709
ISSN	1369-3786
DOI	10.1093/mmy/myad060
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Zs.A 520: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Immunomodulators for severe coronavirus disease-2019 in transplant patients: Do they increase the risk of secondary infection?

Mendoza, Maria A / Ranganath, Nischal / Chesdachai, Supavit / Yetmar, Zachary A / Razonable, Raymund / Abu Saleh, Omar

Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society

2023 Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) e14050

Abstract: Background: Current guidelines recommend immunomodulators, tocilizumab or baricitinib, for the management of severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in patients with increasing oxygen requirements. Given their immunosuppressive effects, there is a ... ...

Abstract	Background: Current guidelines recommend immunomodulators, tocilizumab or baricitinib, for the management of severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in patients with increasing oxygen requirements. Given their immunosuppressive effects, there is a concern for higher rates of infection among transplant recipients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of transplant patients with severe COVID-19 between April 2020 and January 2022 was performed at the Mayo Clinic. The primary outcome was incidence of secondary infections after COVID-19 diagnosis. Secondary outcomes were 90-day mortality, ventilatory days, and thromboembolic events. Results: A total of 191 hospitalized transplant patients were studied, including 77 (40.3%) patients who received an immunomodulator. Overall, 89% were solid organ transplant recipients, with kidney as the most common transplanted organ (50.3%). The majority (89.0%) required oxygen supplementation on admission, and 39.8% of these patients required mechanical ventilation during the hospital course. There was no significant difference in the incidence of secondary infections between those who received or did not receive an immunomodulator (p = .984). Likewise, there was no difference in 90-day mortality between patients who received or did not receive an immunomodulator (p = .134). However, higher mortality was observed among patients that developed a secondary infection (p < .001). Conclusion: The use of immunomodulators in transplant patients with severe COVID-19 was not significantly associated with an increased risk of secondary infections. Secondary infections were associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality. Future studies of larger cohorts are needed to explore the effect of immunomodulators on survival among transplant patients with COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Coinfection ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Retrospective Studies ; COVID-19 Testing ; Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use ; Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Transplant Recipients
Chemical Substances	Immunologic Factors ; Adjuvants, Immunologic
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-28
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1476094-0
ISSN	1399-3062 ; 1398-2273
ISSN (online)	1399-3062
ISSN	1398-2273
DOI	10.1111/tid.14050
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Zs.A 5100: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Heart of the matter-infection and xenotransplantation.

Saharia, Kapil K / Hall, Victoria G / Chesdachai, Supavit / Porrett, Paige / Fishman, Jay A / Pouch, Stephanie M

Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society

2023 Volume 26, Issue 1, Page(s) e14206

Abstract: In this clinicopathological conference, invited experts discussed a previously published case of a patient with nonischemic cardiomyopathy who underwent heart transplantation from a genetically modified pig source animal. His complex course included ... ...

Abstract	In this clinicopathological conference, invited experts discussed a previously published case of a patient with nonischemic cardiomyopathy who underwent heart transplantation from a genetically modified pig source animal. His complex course included detection of porcine cytomegalovirus by plasma microbial cell-free DNA and eventual xenograft failure. The objectives of the session included discussion of selection of immunosuppressive regimens and prophylactic antimicrobials for human xenograft recipients, description of infectious disease risk assessment and mitigation in potential xenograft donors and understanding of screening and therapeutic strategies for potential xenograft-related infections.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Swine ; Transplantation, Heterologous/adverse effects ; Heart Transplantation/adverse effects ; Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects ; Tissue Donors
Chemical Substances	Immunosuppressive Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-06
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1476094-0
ISSN	1399-3062 ; 1398-2273
ISSN (online)	1399-3062
ISSN	1398-2273
DOI	10.1111/tid.14206
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