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  1. Article ; Online: An Exploration on Ethnic Group Courses - from the Indigenous’ Cultural Value System in Taiwan

    Shu Chi Lin

    Technium Social Sciences Journal, Vol 15, Pp 80-

    2021  Volume 88

    Abstract: Articles 14 and 15 of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples assert that indigenous peoples have the right to establish and control their educational systems and institutions in their own languages and in a manner appropriate ... ...

    Abstract Articles 14 and 15 of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples assert that indigenous peoples have the right to establish and control their educational systems and institutions in their own languages and in a manner appropriate to their cultural methods of teaching and learning, in order that their cultures, traditions and histories may be appropriately reflected in education. States should take effective measures, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, to provide indigenous students with the opportunity to receive education in their own language and about their own culture. The study of Taiwan's indigenous culture is a unique representation of each ethnic group's culture, and to meet the needs of social development, ethnic issues should be promoted in education. The ideal curriculum, as mentioned by Tye (1979), has to be transformed into a formal curriculum by incorporating it into the national syllabus, and then into a practical operational and experiential curriculum through the perceptual curriculum understood by teachers. In other words, the content of national education (including the three levels of national concept, national system and national material) must be transformed in the "curriculum-determining levels" of ideal, formal, perception, operation and experience. In Taiwan, there are four major ethnic groups, including the provincial, Minnan, Hakka, and aboriginal peoples, which have a very diverse and complex culture. However, the process of transforming indigenous cultures from understanding to practice has caused many confusions among teachers, which has become a key issue in the development of ethnic curriculum. The past curriculum has a more mainstream cultural established curriculum nature, but the multicultural promotion of ethnic characteristics has a sprouting and teaching revitalization orientation, which makes the original "mainstream established curriculum" and "characteristic ethnic curriculum" incompatible with each other stand out, resulting in a kind of reconciliation demand. Therefore, this study mainly investigates the life and curriculum landscape that emerges from the knowledge of indigenous peoples and their cultural value system, and further interprets the meaning of the curriculum behind it. It also analyzes the connotations of cultural value system response teaching and explores the development and application strategies of ethnic-specific curricula.
    Keywords ethnic course ; natives ; cultural knowledge system ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 390
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Technium Science
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: An Analysis on Schmidt V.A.'s Discursive Institutionalism and its implications to Taiwan's Teacher Professional Development Policy

    Shu Chi Lin

    Technium Social Sciences Journal, Vol 10, Pp 79-

    2020  Volume 90

    Abstract: This Thesis explored the theory, practices, and future prospects of the teacher professional development policy in Taiwan. Prof. Schmidt's discursive institutionalism pointed out an analysis of institutions must start from the ideas and discourses of the ...

    Abstract This Thesis explored the theory, practices, and future prospects of the teacher professional development policy in Taiwan. Prof. Schmidt's discursive institutionalism pointed out an analysis of institutions must start from the ideas and discourses of the actors and must regard the coordinative political sphere of the policy for a policy idea to be communicated and become the consensus of political elites. Additionally, the top-down communicative political sphere was essential for ideas to be imparted to the general public. The length of participation in the professional policy in Taiwan was, on average, one to two years, because teachers there considered the policy unrelated to their classroom teaching. Although teachers were aware of the need to grow, few, in fact, take actions while most remained passive and stayed inertia. This thesis argued that the languages of a policy idea were transmitted both by a top-down and bottom-up approach. If a ruling government fails to construct an effective discourse, its policy will not be successfully implemented.
    Keywords discursive institutionalism ; teacher professional development ; education policy ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 320
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Technium Science
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Rearrangeable Nonblocking Conditions for Four Elastic Optical Data Center Networks

    Bey-Chi Lin

    Applied Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 7428, p

    2020  Volume 7428

    Abstract: Four variants of elastic optical data center network (DCN) architectures based on optical circuit switching were proposed in an earlier study. The necessary and sufficient values of frequency slot units (FSUs) per fiber required for these four DCNs in ... ...

    Abstract Four variants of elastic optical data center network (DCN) architectures based on optical circuit switching were proposed in an earlier study. The necessary and sufficient values of frequency slot units (FSUs) per fiber required for these four DCNs in the sense of there being strictly nonblocking (SNB) were derived, but no results in the sense of being rearrangeable nonblocking (RNB) were presented. In reality, only limited bandwidths are available, and reducing the value of FSUs per fiber has become a critical task to realize nonblocking optical DCN architectures in practice. In this paper, we derive the sufficient value of FSUs per fiber required for the four DCNs to be RNB by two multigraph approaches. Our results show that the proposed RNB conditions in terms of FSUs per fiber for a certain two of the four DCNs reduce their SNB results down to at least half for most cases, and even down to one-third.
    Keywords data center networks ; elastic optical networks ; rearrangeable nonblocking (RNB) ; edge-coloring ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 621
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Rearrangeable and Repackable S-W-S Elastic Optical Networks for Connections with Limited Bandwidths

    Bey-Chi Lin

    Applied Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 4, p

    2020  Volume 1251

    Abstract: Elastic optical networks flexibly allocate bandwidth to a connection for improving utilization efficiency. The paper considers an optical node architecture that is similar to a three-stage Clos network for elastic optical networks. The architecture, ... ...

    Abstract Elastic optical networks flexibly allocate bandwidth to a connection for improving utilization efficiency. The paper considers an optical node architecture that is similar to a three-stage Clos network for elastic optical networks. The architecture, which employs space switching in the first and the third stages and wavelength switching in the second stage, is called an S-W-S switching fabric. In this paper, we propose a graph-theoretic approach and different routing algorithms to derive the sufficient conditions under which an S-W-S switching fabric will be rearrangeable nonblocking and repackable nonblocking. The proposed rearrangeable and repackable nonblocking S-W-S switching fabrics for connections with limited bandwidths consume around half the number of middle wavelength switches compared to strictly nonblocking S-W-S switching fabrics.
    Keywords elastic optical network ; rearrangeable nonblocking ; space-wavelength-space switching fabric ; repackable nonblocking ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Correction: All Humans Have a 'Theory of Mind'.

    Yu, Chi-Lin / Wellman, Henry M

    Journal of autism and developmental disorders

    2022  Volume 53, Issue 4, Page(s) 1734

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 391999-7
    ISSN 1573-3432 ; 0162-3257
    ISSN (online) 1573-3432
    ISSN 0162-3257
    DOI 10.1007/s10803-022-05721-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: All Humans Have a 'Theory of Mind'.

    Yu, Chi-Lin / Wellman, Henry M

    Journal of autism and developmental disorders

    2022  Volume 53, Issue 6, Page(s) 2531–2534

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Autism Spectrum Disorder ; Cognition Disorders ; Psychological Theory
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 391999-7
    ISSN 1573-3432 ; 0162-3257
    ISSN (online) 1573-3432
    ISSN 0162-3257
    DOI 10.1007/s10803-022-05584-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Generalization of an Optical ASA Switch

    Bey-Chi Lin

    Applied Sciences, Vol 9, Iss 6, p

    2019  Volume 1096

    Abstract: An arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) is a kind of passive wavelength router, and it is the most promising technology for developing large optical switches. However, AWGs have poor scalability, and using small AWGs to construct a large switch has been done ... ...

    Abstract An arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) is a kind of passive wavelength router, and it is the most promising technology for developing large optical switches. However, AWGs have poor scalability, and using small AWGs to construct a large switch has been done in many prior works. A novel AWG-based switch called ASA (AWG, Space switching, AWG) that does not use wavelength converters has been proposed. It can expand the switch size from N to N2 by using N × N AWGs. In this paper, we generalize the ASA switch by using only N × N AWGs, N × N space switches, and N wavelengths such that the switch size is expanded to Nt for any positive integer t. Since each port of an N × N AWG can transmit up to N wavelengths simultaneously, the total capacity of the generalized ASA switch is extended to be close to Nt+1 × the bandwidth of a wavelength channel, provided that the inputs which are located in the same port position of each input AWG are destined to distinct outputs.
    Keywords arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) ; optical networks ; rearrangeable nonblocking ; wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 535
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Research Status in the Use of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) to Detect Pesticide Residues in Foods and Plant-Derived Chinese Herbal Medicines

    Bing-Yan Chu / Chi Lin / Peng-Cheng Nie / Zheng-Yan Xia

    International Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Vol

    2024  Volume 2024

    Abstract: Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology has unique advantages in the rapid detection of pesticides in plant-derived foods, leading to reduced detection limits and increased accuracy. Plant-derived Chinese herbal medicines have similar sources ...

    Abstract Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology has unique advantages in the rapid detection of pesticides in plant-derived foods, leading to reduced detection limits and increased accuracy. Plant-derived Chinese herbal medicines have similar sources to plant-derived foods; however, due to the rough surfaces and complex compositions of herbal medicines, the detection of pesticide residues in this context continues to rely heavily on traditional methods, which are time consuming and laborious and are unable to meet market demands for portability. The application of flexible nanomaterials and SERS technology in this realm would allow rapid and accurate detection in a portable format. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the underlying principles and characteristics of SERS technology, with particular focus on applications of SERS for the analysis of pesticide residues in agricultural products. This paper summarizes recent research progress in the field from three main directions: sample pretreatment, SERS substrates, and data processing. The prospects and limitations of SERS technology are also discussed, in order to provide theoretical support for rapid detection of pesticide residues in Chinese herbal medicines.
    Keywords Analytical chemistry ; QD71-142
    Subject code 612 ; 290
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Connecting Structural Characteristics and Material Properties in Phase-Separating Polymer Solutions

    Le-Chi Lin / Sheng-Jer Chen / Hsiu-Yu Yu

    Polymers, Vol 15, Iss 24, p

    Phase-Field Modeling and Physics-Informed Neural Networks

    2023  Volume 4711

    Abstract: The formed morphology during phase separation is crucial for determining the properties of the resulting product, e.g., a functional membrane. However, an accurate morphology prediction is challenging due to the inherent complexity of molecular ... ...

    Abstract The formed morphology during phase separation is crucial for determining the properties of the resulting product, e.g., a functional membrane. However, an accurate morphology prediction is challenging due to the inherent complexity of molecular interactions. In this study, the phase separation of a two-dimensional model polymer solution is investigated. The spinodal decomposition during the formation of polymer-rich domains is described by the Cahn–Hilliard equation incorporating the Flory–Huggins free energy description between the polymer and solvent. We circumvent the heavy burden of precise morphology prediction through two aspects. First, we systematically analyze the degree of impact of the parameters (initial polymer volume fraction, polymer mobility, degree of polymerization, surface tension parameter, and Flory–Huggins interaction parameter) in a phase-separating system on morphological evolution characterized by geometrical fingerprints to determine the most influential factor. The sensitivity analysis provides an estimate for the error tolerance of each parameter in determining the transition time, the spinodal decomposition length, and the domain growth rate. Secondly, we devise a set of physics-informed neural networks (PINN) comprising two coupled feedforward neural networks to represent the phase-field equations and inversely discover the value of the embedded parameter for a given morphological evolution. Among the five parameters considered, the polymer–solvent affinity is key in determining the phase transition time and the growth law of the polymer-rich domains. We demonstrate that the unknown parameter can be accurately determined by renormalizing the PINN-predicted parameter by the change of characteristic domain size in time. Our results suggest that certain degrees of error are tolerable and do not significantly affect the morphology properties during the domain growth. Moreover, reliable inverse prediction of the unknown parameter can be pursued by merely two separate snapshots during ...
    Keywords Cahn–Hilliard equation ; physics-informed neural network ; Flory–Huggins parameter ; membrane design ; phase separation ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
    Subject code 660
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: The association of health insurance with the survival of cancer patients with brain metastases at diagnosis

    Alex Kolomaya / Saber Amin / Chi Lin

    Technical Innovations & Patient Support in Radiation Oncology, Vol 20, Iss , Pp 46-

    2021  Volume 53

    Abstract: Background: Synchronous brain metastases (SBMs) are a presentation of stage IV cancers with limited treatment options. This study examines the association between health insurance status and overall survival (OS) of patients with SBMs using the National ... ...

    Abstract Background: Synchronous brain metastases (SBMs) are a presentation of stage IV cancers with limited treatment options. This study examines the association between health insurance status and overall survival (OS) of patients with SBMs using the National Cancer Database (NCBD). Methods: We queried the NCDB for patients with SBMs from 2010 to 2015. Included cases were from seven primary cancers. Patients were grouped based on their insurance status. We assessed the association of insurance with OS using a Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age at diagnosis, sex, race, education level, income level, residential area, treatment facility type, Charlson-Deyo comorbidity status, year of diagnosis, primary tumor type, and receipt of chemotherapy, radiation therapy (RT), immunotherapy, and primary site surgery. Results: Of 97,659 patients included, those who had Medicaid, Medicare, or without health insurance were less likely to receive brain RT, chemotherapy, and/or surgery of the primary cancer site compared to privately insured patients. In multivariable COX analysis, patients with Medicare (HR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.09–1.14, P < 0.001), Medicaid (HR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.09–1.13, P < 0.001), or no insurance (HR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.14–1.22, P < 0.001) were associated with decreased OS compared to private insurance. Conclusion: After retrospective analysis, Medicaid, Medicare, and no insurance were all associated with worse OS compared to private insurance. Future studies can focus on determining the factors associated with insurance status and factors contributing to improved OS stratified by insurance status.
    Keywords National cancer database ; Brain neoplasms ; Synchronous brain metastases ; Payer status ; Insurance status ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920 ; Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ; RC254-282
    Subject code 616 ; 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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