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Article ; Online: Reassessing the presence of alien predatory mites and their prospects in the face of future climate change.

Liao, Jhih-Rong / Chiu, Ming-Chih / Kuo, Mei-Hwa

2023 Volume 79, Issue 12, Page(s) 5186–5196

Abstract: Background: Climate change poses uncertainties in the effectiveness of classical biological control (CBC), and there is a lack of information on the establishment of natural enemy populations under present and future climatic conditions. The objective ... ...

Abstract	Background: Climate change poses uncertainties in the effectiveness of classical biological control (CBC), and there is a lack of information on the establishment of natural enemy populations under present and future climatic conditions. The objective is to explore current traces of two alien predators (Neoseiulus californicus and Neoseiulus fallacis; introduced for the CBC program in the 1980s) and their future expansion under climate change in Taiwan. Results: The results indicated that N. californicus was present in alpine orchards (e.g., Lishan and Meifeng) but N. fallacis was not found. Under current climate condition, most areas in Taiwan were deemed highly suitable for N. californicus, but not for N. fallacis, which may explain the outcomes of the CBC program. With intensifying climate change, the ranges of both species are projected to contract to varying extents in Taiwan but expand in some countries. Conclusion: The findings from this study can provide insights for evaluating and developing future CBC programs worldwide, and can help predict the implications of climate change on biological control efforts. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mites ; Introduced Species ; Climate Change ; Pest Control, Biological/methods ; Predatory Behavior
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2001705-4
ISSN	1526-4998 ; 1526-498X
ISSN (online)	1526-4998
ISSN	1526-498X
DOI	10.1002/ps.7722
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Article ; Online: Contrasting adaptive genetic consequences of stream insects under changing climate.

Nukazawa, Kei / Chiu, Ming-Chih / Kazama, So / Watanabe, Kozo

The Science of the total environment

2023 Volume 872, Page(s) 162258

Abstract: Freshwater biodiversity undergoes degradation due to climate change. Researchers have inferred the effects of climate change on neutral genetic diversity, assuming the fixed spatial distributions of alleles. However, the adaptive genetic evolution of ... ...

Abstract	Freshwater biodiversity undergoes degradation due to climate change. Researchers have inferred the effects of climate change on neutral genetic diversity, assuming the fixed spatial distributions of alleles. However, the adaptive genetic evolution of populations that may change the spatial distribution of allele frequencies along environmental gradients (i.e., evolutionary rescue) have largely been overlooked. We developed a modeling approach that projects the comparatively adaptive and neutral genetic diversities of four stream insects, using empirical neutral/ putative adaptive loci, ecological niche models (ENMs), and a distributed hydrological-thermal simulation at a temperate catchment under climate change. The hydrothermal model was used to generate hydraulic and thermal variables (e.g., annual current velocity and water temperature) at the present and the climatic change conditions, projected based on the eight general circulation models and the three representative concentration pathways scenarios for the two future periods (2031-2050, near future; 2081-2100, far future). The hydraulic and thermal variables were used for predictor variables of the ENMs and adaptive genetic modeling based on machine learning approaches. The increases in annual water temperature in the near- (+0.3-0.7 °C) and far-future (+0.4-3.2 °C) were projected. Of the studied species, with different ecologies and habitat ranges, Ephemera japonica (Ephemeroptera) was projected to lose rear-edge habitats (i.e., downstream) but retain the adaptive genetic diversity owing to evolutionary rescue. In contrast, the habitat range of the upstream-dwelling Hydropsyche albicephala (Trichoptera) was found to remarkably decline, resulting in decreases in the watershed genetic diversity. While the other two Trichoptera species expanded their habitat ranges, the genetic structures were homogenized over the watershed and experienced moderate decreases in gamma diversity. The findings emphasize the evolutionary rescue potential, depending on the extent of species-specific local adaptation.
MeSH term(s)	Ecosystem ; Ecology ; Biodiversity ; Climate Change ; Water
Chemical Substances	Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162258
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Article ; Online: A Mini-Review of Strategies for Quantifying Anthropogenic Activities in Microplastic Studies in Aquatic Environments.

Lin, Chun-Ting / Chiu, Ming-Chih / Kuo, Mei-Hwa

Polymers

2022 Volume 14, Issue 1

Abstract: Microplastic pollution is no longer neglected worldwide, as recent studies have unveiled its potential harm to ecosystems and, even worse, to human health. Numerous studies have documented the ubiquity of microplastics, reflecting the necessity of ... ...

Abstract	Microplastic pollution is no longer neglected worldwide, as recent studies have unveiled its potential harm to ecosystems and, even worse, to human health. Numerous studies have documented the ubiquity of microplastics, reflecting the necessity of formulating corresponding policies to mitigate the accumulation of microplastics in natural environments. Although anthropogenic activities are generally acknowledged as the primary source of microplastics, a robust approach to identify sources of microplastics is needed to provide scientific suggestions for practical policymaking. This review elucidates recent microplastic studies on various approaches for quantifying or reflecting the degree to which anthropogenic activities contribute to microplastic pollution. Population density (i.e., often used to quantify anthropogenic activities) was not always significantly correlated with microplastic abundance. Furthermore, this review argues that considering potential sources near sample sites as characteristics that may serve to predict the spatial distribution of microplastics in aquatic environments is equivocal. In this vein, a watershed-scale measure that uses land-cover datasets to calculate different percentages of land use in the watershed margins delineated by using Geographic Information System (GIS) software is discussed and suggested. Progress in strategies for quantifying anthropogenic activities is important for guiding future microplastic research and developing effective management policies to prevent microplastic contamination in aquatic ecosystems.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527146-5
ISSN	2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
ISSN (online)	2073-4360
ISSN	2073-4360
DOI	10.3390/polym14010198
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Article ; Online: Seasonality can override the effects of anthropogenic activities on microplastic presence in invertebrate deposit feeders in an urban river system.

Lin, Chun-Ting / Chiu, Ming-Chih / Kuo, Mei-Hwa

Journal of hazardous materials

2022 Volume 443, Issue Pt B, Page(s) 130272

Abstract: Microplastic pollution is an urgent threat to the biota of aquatic ecosystems and is generally recognized as a global issue. Identifying the sources of microplastics is acknowledged as the most effective approach for mitigating microplastic pollution. ... ...

Abstract	Microplastic pollution is an urgent threat to the biota of aquatic ecosystems and is generally recognized as a global issue. Identifying the sources of microplastics is acknowledged as the most effective approach for mitigating microplastic pollution. However, the factors that regulate the spatiotemporal dynamics of microplastics in urban river networks, such as microplastic sources and other variables, have not been studied together at the watershed scale, let alone regarding their impact on internal microplastics. Here, we define "internal microplastics" as microplastics in biota, either in the digestive system or internal organs of organisms. We estimated the effects of anthropogenic activities (land cover and wastewater treatment plants) and seasonality on the concentration of internal microplastics in midge larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae) in an urban river system at a watershed scale in Taiwan. Agricultural activities, but not industrial activities, had a significant negative nonlinear effect on microplastic concentration. However, seasonality was the most crucial factor, as the microplastic concentration was significantly lower during the wet season. Although the presence of a wastewater treatment plant significantly increased the microplastic concentration at downstream sampling sites, its effect appeared to be minor. We conclude that seasonality overrides the effects of anthropogenic activities on the variation in the concentration of internal microplastics in midge larvae in an urban river system.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Microplastics/toxicity ; Plastics ; Ecosystem ; Anthropogenic Effects ; Environmental Monitoring ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Chironomidae ; Larva
Chemical Substances	Microplastics ; Plastics ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-28
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1491302-1
ISSN	1873-3336 ; 0304-3894
ISSN (online)	1873-3336
ISSN	0304-3894
DOI	10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130272
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Article ; Online: Environmental effects, gene flow and genetic drift: Unequal influences on genetic structure across landscapes

Chiu, Ming‐Chih / Nukazawa, Kei / Resh, Vincent H. / Watanabe, Kozo

Journal of Biogeography. 2023 Feb., v. 50, no. 2 p.352-364

2023

Abstract: AIM: Both gene flow and genetic drift can affect the genetic diversity of interacting populations. However, the influence of the complex evolutionary histories of species may be obscured by simplified assumptions about how these roles operate in nature. ... ...

Abstract	AIM: Both gene flow and genetic drift can affect the genetic diversity of interacting populations. However, the influence of the complex evolutionary histories of species may be obscured by simplified assumptions about how these roles operate in nature. To examine this issue, we mechanistically explored the relative importance of environment‐mediated gene flow and genetic drift in determining genetic structure and diversity. LOCATION: Northeast Japan. TAXON: Caddisflies (Hydropsyche orientalis and Stenopsyche marmorata; Insecta: Trichoptera). METHODS: We developed a novel Bayesian framework to evaluate the individual and joint effects of these two evolutionary processes that operate through environmental networks on genetic structuring of these populations. Modelling was performed using genetic information on the two sympatric species of stream—macroinvertebrates having aerial‐dispersing adult stages. Genotyping data for samples from 41 and 30 locations were used at 98 and 162 neutral amplified fragment length polymorphism loci in H. orientalis and S. marmorata, respectively. RESULTS: Environmental conditions and habitat quality can mediate gene flow by providing different levels of resistance to interpopulation dispersal. Similarly, genetic drift may be altered through variable environmental limitations on population size. Compared to the role of genetic drift, gene flow has a greater influence on the genetic diversity of both species examined. The elevated gene‐flow levels generally increase the genetic diversity in S. marmorata, whereas no obvious trend is evident across the various degrees of gene flow in H. orientalis. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Information on environmentally mediated gene flow and genetic drift, coupled with different dispersal strategies in habitat networks, may influence management efforts and success. Consequently, evolutionary processes that act individually or jointly in determining genetic structure are important in the effectiveness of management strategies used for restoration and conservation efforts.
Keywords	Bayesian theory ; Hydropsyche ; Japan ; adults ; amplified fragment length polymorphism ; gene flow ; genetic drift ; genetic structure ; genetic variation ; genotyping ; habitats ; population size ; sympatry
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-02
Size	p. 352-364.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	188963-1
ISSN	0305-0270
ISSN	0305-0270
DOI	10.1111/jbi.14537
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Article ; Online: Existing levels of biodiversity and river location may determine changes from small hydropower developments.

Luo, Qingyi / Li, Shuyin / Kinouchi, Tsuyoshi / Wu, Naicheng / Fu, Xiaocheng / Ling, Chang / Cai, Qinghua / Chiu, Ming-Chih / Resh, Vincent H

Journal of environmental management

2024 Volume 357, Page(s) 120697

Abstract: Global ecosystems are facing anthropogenic threats that affect their ecological functions and biodiversity. However, we still lack an understanding of how biodiversity can mediate the responses of ecosystems or communities to human disturbance across ... ...

Abstract	Global ecosystems are facing anthropogenic threats that affect their ecological functions and biodiversity. However, we still lack an understanding of how biodiversity can mediate the responses of ecosystems or communities to human disturbance across spatial gradients. Here, we examined how existing, spatial patterns of biodiversity influence the ecological effects of small hydropower plants (SHPs) on macroinvertebrates in river ecosystems. This study found that levels of biodiversity (e.g., number of species) can influence the degrees of its alterations by SHPs occurring along elevational gradients. The results of the study reveal that the construction of SHPs has various effects on biodiversity. For example, low-altitude areas with low biodiversity (species richness less than 12) showed a small increase in biodiversity compared to high-altitude areas (species richness more than 12) under SHP disturbances. The increases in the effective habitat area of the river segment could be a driver of the enhanced biodiversity in response to SHP effects. Changes in the numerically dominant species contributed to the overall level of community variation from disturbances. Location-specific strategies may mitigate the effects of SHPs and perhaps other disturbances.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Ecosystem ; Rivers ; Biodiversity ; Altitude
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120697
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Article ; Online: Effects of anthropogenic activities on microplastics in deposit-feeders (Diptera: Chironomidae) in an urban river of Taiwan.

Lin, Chun-Ting / Chiu, Ming-Chih / Kuo, Mei-Hwa

Scientific reports

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 400

Abstract: The presence of microplastics (MPs) in the environment has generated global concerns. However, the explicit assessment of the effect of multiple anthropogenic activities on the existence of MPs in the freshwater system is scarcely reported. This study ... ...

Abstract	The presence of microplastics (MPs) in the environment has generated global concerns. However, the explicit assessment of the effect of multiple anthropogenic activities on the existence of MPs in the freshwater system is scarcely reported. This study quantified anthropogenic activities and analyzed their relationship with MPs on a freshwater organism: the midge larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae). The study took place in an urban river and consisted of comparing the abundance and types of MPs. Our results highlight that, while industrial area was the most important variable contributing to the total MP concentration in midge larvae, residential area also influenced the concentration of microfibers in midge larvae. The impact of a residential area on the relative abundance of microfibers in each sample site was diluted by the proximity to an industrial area. In conclusion, we suggest that industrial areas are a potential source of MP pollution in river sediment, and midge larvae can be a good indicator of the MP concentrations in urban river systems. Quantifying anthropogenic activities can help discern their effects on MP concentration in a river system and promote management strategies.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Aquatic Organisms ; Biotransformation/physiology ; Chironomidae/metabolism ; Chironomidae/physiology ; Cities ; Environmental Monitoring ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Fresh Water ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Geologic Sediments/parasitology ; Industrial Waste ; Microplastics/chemistry ; Microplastics/pharmacokinetics ; Microplastics/toxicity ; Rivers/chemistry ; Rivers/parasitology ; Taiwan ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/pharmacokinetics ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
Chemical Substances	Industrial Waste ; Microplastics ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-020-79881-z
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Article: Hydrological Season Can Have Unexpectedly Insignificant Influences on the Elevational Patterns of Functional Diversity of Riverine Macroinvertebrates.

Luo, Qingyi / Chiu, Ming-Chih / Tan, Lu / Cai, Qinghua

Biology

2022 Volume 11, Issue 2

Abstract: Spatial biodiversity is a key issue in biogeography for the explorations of biological origin and diversification. However, seldom studies have addressed the temporal changes in spatial patterns of biodiversity. We explored the taxonomic and functional ... ...

Abstract	Spatial biodiversity is a key issue in biogeography for the explorations of biological origin and diversification. However, seldom studies have addressed the temporal changes in spatial patterns of biodiversity. We explored the taxonomic and functional diversities of riverine macroinvertebrates in central China, with the elevational gradient, in different seasons in a normal climate year (i.e., no extreme anomalies in the annual precipitation or average annual temperature). The air temperature and streamflow discharge were decreased monotonically with the increase of elevation both in the dry and wet seasons. In addition, the total nitrogen had no significant change with the increase of elevational gradient in the dry season but showed a monotonically decreasing pattern in the wet season. The total phosphorus showed a monotonically decreasing pattern with the elevational gradient in the dry season but had no significant change in the wet season. The spatial pattern of taxonomic diversity of macroinvertebrates along the elevational gradient showed complex patterns, but the functional diversity had either the unimodal or monotonically decreasing pattern. In addition, the functional diversity with the elevational gradient had similar patterns between the dry and wet seasons. Further analysis of the elevational pattern in different seasons is an important basis for understanding the status quo of functional diversity and formulating countermeasures for biodiversity conservation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2661517-4
ISSN	2079-7737
ISSN	2079-7737
DOI	10.3390/biology11020208
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Article ; Online: Weather fluctuation can override the effects of integrated nutrient management on fungal disease incidence in the rice fields in Taiwan.

Chiu, Ming-Chih / Chen, Chi-Ling / Chen, Chun-Wei / Lin, Hsing-Juh

Scientific reports

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 4273

Abstract: Both weather fluctuation and farming system influence the epidemiology of crop diseases. However, short-term experiments are difficult to mechanistically extrapolate into long-term ecological responses. Using a mechanistic model with Bayesian inference, ... ...

Abstract	Both weather fluctuation and farming system influence the epidemiology of crop diseases. However, short-term experiments are difficult to mechanistically extrapolate into long-term ecological responses. Using a mechanistic model with Bayesian inference, long-term data spanning 10 years were used to construct relationships among weather fluctuation (temperature, relative humidity, wind, and rainfall), farming system (conventional and low-external-input farming), and crop disease in experimental rice fields in Taiwan. Conventional and low-external-input farming had similar influences on the disease incidence of rice blast. Temperature had a positive influence on the disease incidence only under high relative humidity. Rainfall positively affected the disease incidence until an optimum level of rainfall. Low-external-input farming, with a lower application of fertilizers and other sustainable nutrient management, achieved similar effects on the disease incidence to those achieved by conventional farming. This suggests that weather fluctuation may override the effect of the farming systems on fungal disease incidence in rice fields.
MeSH term(s)	Bayes Theorem ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mycoses ; Nutrients ; Taiwan/epidemiology ; Weather
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-022-08139-7
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Article: Hydrological Season Can Have Unexpectedly Insignificant Influences on the Elevational Patterns of Functional Diversity of Riverine Macroinvertebrates

Luo, Qingyi / Chiu, Ming-Chih / Tan, Lu / Cai, Qinghua

Biology. 2022 Jan. 28, v. 11, no. 2

2022

Abstract	Spatial biodiversity is a key issue in biogeography for the explorations of biological origin and diversification. However, seldom studies have addressed the temporal changes in spatial patterns of biodiversity. We explored the taxonomic and functional diversities of riverine macroinvertebrates in central China, with the elevational gradient, in different seasons in a normal climate year (i.e., no extreme anomalies in the annual precipitation or average annual temperature). The air temperature and streamflow discharge were decreased monotonically with the increase of elevation both in the dry and wet seasons. In addition, the total nitrogen had no significant change with the increase of elevational gradient in the dry season but showed a monotonically decreasing pattern in the wet season. The total phosphorus showed a monotonically decreasing pattern with the elevational gradient in the dry season but had no significant change in the wet season. The spatial pattern of taxonomic diversity of macroinvertebrates along the elevational gradient showed complex patterns, but the functional diversity had either the unimodal or monotonically decreasing pattern. In addition, the functional diversity with the elevational gradient had similar patterns between the dry and wet seasons. Further analysis of the elevational pattern in different seasons is an important basis for understanding the status quo of functional diversity and formulating countermeasures for biodiversity conservation.
Keywords	air temperature ; atmospheric precipitation ; biodiversity conservation ; biogeography ; climate ; dry season ; functional diversity ; macroinvertebrates ; riparian areas ; species diversity ; stream flow ; total nitrogen ; total phosphorus ; wet season ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0128
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2661517-4
ISSN	2079-7737
ISSN	2079-7737
DOI	10.3390/biology11020208
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