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  1. Article ; Online: Liquid-liquid phase separation and extracellular multivalent interactions in the tale of galectin-3.

    Chiu, Yi-Ping / Sun, Yung-Chen / Qiu, De-Chen / Lin, Yu-Hao / Chen, Yin-Quan / Kuo, Jean-Cheng / Huang, Jie-Rong

    Nature communications

    2020  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 1229

    Abstract: Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) explains many intracellular activities, but its role in extracellular functions has not been studied to the same extent. Here we report how LLPS mediates the extracellular function of galectin-3, the only monomeric ... ...

    Abstract Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) explains many intracellular activities, but its role in extracellular functions has not been studied to the same extent. Here we report how LLPS mediates the extracellular function of galectin-3, the only monomeric member of the galectin family. The mechanism through which galectin-3 agglutinates (acting as a "bridge" to aggregate glycosylated molecules) is largely unknown. Our data show that its N-terminal domain (NTD) undergoes LLPS driven by interactions between its aromatic residues (two tryptophans and 10 tyrosines). Our lipopolysaccharide (LPS) micelle model shows that the NTDs form multiple weak interactions to other galectin-3 and then aggregate LPS micelles. Aggregation is reversed when interactions between the LPS and the carbohydrate recognition domains are blocked by lactose. The proposed mechanism explains many of galectin-3's functions and suggests that the aromatic residues in the NTD are interesting drug design targets.
    MeSH term(s) Agglutination ; Galectin 3/metabolism ; Glycosylation ; Intrinsically Disordered Proteins/metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism ; Micelles ; Protein Aggregates ; Protein Domains
    Chemical Substances Galectin 3 ; Intrinsically Disordered Proteins ; LGALS3 protein, human ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Micelles ; Protein Aggregates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Video-Audio Media
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-020-15007-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Influence of intradialytic systolic blood pressure changes on arteriovenous access thrombosis in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

    Zheng, Cai-Mei / Chiu, Yi-Ping / Hou, Yi-Chou / Liu, Yueh-Min / Wu, Mai-Szu / Lin, Yuh-Feng / Lo, Yen-Li / Lu, Kuo-Cheng / Hsu, Yung-Ho / Wang, Yuan-Hung

    International journal of clinical practice

    2020  Volume 75, Issue 3, Page(s) e13799

    Abstract: Background: Arteriovenous access (AV) thrombosis is an important and preventable problem amongst chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) fluctuation relates to higher cardiovascular mortality amongst these patients. We proposed ...

    Abstract Background: Arteriovenous access (AV) thrombosis is an important and preventable problem amongst chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) fluctuation relates to higher cardiovascular mortality amongst these patients. We proposed there is a close relation between SBP changes and arteriovenous (AV) access thrombosis. We also determined other risk factors and biochemical parameters related to AV access failure.
    Methods: 50 HD patients with thrombosis and 50 HD patients without thrombosis were included in the study. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated with multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models to determine the association between potential thrombosis-related risk factors and thrombosis risk.
    Results: Elder adults, women, and patients with AV grafts, lower intradialytic SBP and higher SBP variations during HD sessions had higher incidence of AV access thrombosis. AV access infection and decreased blood flow (BF) velocity were associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events, whereas the use of anti-thrombotic agents was associated with a decreased incidence of thrombotic events. Further, anaemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and impaired mineral metabolism parameters were also found to be associated with AV access thrombosis.
    Conclusions: Close monitoring and management of intradialytic hypotension and SBP fluctuation in every HD session are important. Some important and novel modifiable risk factors related to AV access thrombosis were identified in this study (eg, AV access infection, decreased BF and abnormal biochemical parameters, etc). Earlier surveillance and modification of these risk factors is crucial to prevent AV access failure in HD patients.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Female ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy ; Renal Dialysis/adverse effects ; Thrombosis/etiology ; Vascular Diseases
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1386246-7
    ISSN 1742-1241 ; 1368-5031
    ISSN (online) 1742-1241
    ISSN 1368-5031
    DOI 10.1111/ijcp.13799
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Spatial variations of community structures and methane cycling across a transect of Lei-Gong-Hou mud volcanoes in eastern Taiwan.

    Wang, Pei-Ling / Chiu, Yi-Ping / Cheng, Ting-Wen / Chang, Yung-Hsin / Tu, Wei-Xain / Lin, Li-Hung

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2014  Volume 5, Page(s) 121

    Abstract: This study analyzed cored sediments retrieved from sites distributed across a transect of the Lei-Gong-Hou mud volcanoes in eastern Taiwan to uncover the spatial distributions of biogeochemical processes and community assemblages involved in methane ... ...

    Abstract This study analyzed cored sediments retrieved from sites distributed across a transect of the Lei-Gong-Hou mud volcanoes in eastern Taiwan to uncover the spatial distributions of biogeochemical processes and community assemblages involved in methane cycling. The profiles of methane concentration and carbon isotopic composition revealed various orders of the predominance of specific methane-related metabolisms along depth. At a site proximal to the bubbling pool, the methanogenic zone was sandwiched by the anaerobic methanotrophic zones. For two sites distributed toward the topographic depression, the methanogenic zone overlaid the anaerobic methanotrophic zone. The predominance of anaerobic methanotrophy at specific depth intervals is supported by the enhanced copy numbers of the ANME-2a 16S rRNA gene and coincides with high dissolved Fe/Mn concentrations and copy numbers of the Desulfuromonas/Pelobacter 16S rRNA gene. Assemblages of 16S rRNA and mcrA genes revealed that methanogenesis was mediated by Methanococcoides and Methanosarcina. pmoA genes and a few 16S rRNA genes related to aerobic methanotrophs were detected in limited numbers of subsurface samples. While dissolved Fe/Mn signifies the presence of anaerobic metabolisms near the surface, the correlations between geochemical characteristics and gene abundances, and the absence of aerobic methanotrophs in top sediments suggest that anaerobic methanotrophy is potentially dependent on iron/manganese reduction and dominates over aerobic methanotrophy for the removal of methane produced in situ or from a deep source. Near-surface methanogenesis contributes to the methane emissions from mud platform. The alternating arrangements of methanogenic and methanotrophic zones at different sites suggest that the interactions between mud deposition, evaporation, oxidation and fluid transport modulate the assemblages of microbial communities and methane cycling in different compartments of terrestrial mud volcanoes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-03-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00121
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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