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  1. AU="Choi, Kai Chow"
  2. AU="Brandolini, Jury"
  3. AU="Yom, Jina"
  4. AU="Sue Casey"
  5. AU="Arimura, Takashi"
  6. AU="Kizilkilic, Osman"

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  1. Artikel ; Online: Effects of an Immersive Virtual Reality Intervention on Pain and Anxiety Among Pediatric Patients Undergoing Venipuncture: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

    Wong, Cho Lee / Choi, Kai Chow

    JAMA network open

    2023  Band 6, Heft 2, Seite(n) e230001

    Abstract: Importance: Venipuncture is one of the most painful and distressing procedures experienced by pediatric patients. Emerging evidence suggests that providing procedural information and distraction using immersive virtual reality (IVR) may reduce pain and ... ...

    Abstract Importance: Venipuncture is one of the most painful and distressing procedures experienced by pediatric patients. Emerging evidence suggests that providing procedural information and distraction using immersive virtual reality (IVR) may reduce pain and anxiety among children undergoing needle-related procedures.
    Objectives: To examine the effects of IVR on reducing the pain, anxiety, and stress experienced by pediatric patients undergoing venipuncture.
    Design, setting, and participants: This 2-group randomized clinical trial recruited pediatric patients aged 4 to 12 years undergoing venipuncture from a public hospital in Hong Kong between January 2019 and January 2020. Data were analyzed from March to May 2022.
    Interventions: Participants were randomly allocated to an intervention (an age-appropriate IVR intervention offering distraction and procedural information) or a control (standard care only) group.
    Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome was child-reported pain. Secondary outcomes included child-reported anxiety, heart rate, salivary cortisol, length of procedure, and satisfaction of health care professionals with the procedure (rated on a 40 point scale, with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction). Outcomes were assessed 10 minutes before, during, immediately after, and 30 minutes after the procedure.
    Results: A total of 149 pediatric patients were recruited, with 86 female patients (57.7%) and 66 patients (44.3%) diagnosed with fever. Compared with the 74 participants in the control group (mean [SD] age, 7.21 [2.49] years), the 75 participants in the IVR group (mean [SD] age, 7.21 [2.43] years) reported significantly less pain (β = -0.78; 95% CI, -1.21 to -0.35; P < .001) and anxiety (β = -0.41; 95% CI, -0.76 to -0.05; P = .03) immediately after the intervention. Health care professional satisfaction in the IVR group (mean [SD] score, 34.5 [4.5]) was significantly higher than that in the control group (mean [SD] score, 32.9 [4.0]; P = .03). Moreover, the length of venipuncture procedure in the IVR group (mean [SD] duration, 4.43 [3.47] minutes) was significantly shorter than that in the control group (mean [SD] duration, 6.56 [7.39] minutes; P = .03).
    Conclusions and relevance: In this randomized clinical trial, integrating procedural information and distraction in an IVR intervention for pediatric patients undergoing venipuncture significantly improved pain and anxiety in the IVR group compared with the control group. The results shed light on the global trends of research on IVR and its clinical development as an intervention for other painful and stressful medical procedures.
    Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR1800018817.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Child ; Humans ; Female ; Phlebotomy/adverse effects ; Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy ; Pain, Procedural/prevention & control ; Pain, Procedural/diagnosis ; Pain/etiology ; Pain/prevention & control ; Anxiety/etiology ; Anxiety/prevention & control
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-02-01
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ISSN 2574-3805
    ISSN (online) 2574-3805
    DOI 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.0001
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  2. Artikel: Corrigendum to "Feasibility and acceptability of motivational interviewing to promote colorectal cancer screening among average risk Chinese older adults" [Asia-Pacific J Oncol Nurs 10 (2023) 100315].

    Chan, Dorothy N S / Choi, Kai-Chow

    Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing

    2024  Band 11, Heft 3, Seite(n) 100369

    Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apjon.2023.100315.]. ...

    Abstract [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apjon.2023.100315.].
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-02-29
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2984639-0
    ISSN 2349-6673 ; 2347-5625
    ISSN (online) 2349-6673
    ISSN 2347-5625
    DOI 10.1016/j.apjon.2023.100369
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  3. Artikel ; Online: Determination of a cut-off COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST) for identifying cost-related treatment nonadherence and impaired health-related quality of life among Chinese patients with cancer.

    Xu, Binbin / So, Winnie K W / Choi, Kai Chow

    Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer

    2024  Band 32, Heft 2, Seite(n) 136

    Abstract: Purpose: This study aimed to determine a cut-off for the simplified Chinese version of the COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST) that could identify cost-related treatment nonadherence among Chinese patients with cancer. The study also ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to determine a cut-off for the simplified Chinese version of the COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST) that could identify cost-related treatment nonadherence among Chinese patients with cancer. The study also sought to validate this cut-off score by using it to assess impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the same population.
    Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using data from a cross-sectional survey of 1208 Chinese patients with cancer who were recruited from 12 hospitals in six cities across three provinces of the Chinese mainland. Sociodemographic information and data on financial toxicity (FT), cost-related treatment nonadherence, and HRQoL were used in the analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off for the simplified Chinese version of the COST.
    Results: The ROC analysis identified a COST cut-off of 18.5 for identifying cost-related treatment nonadherence, yielding a sensitivity of 76.5% and specificity of 71.4%. In the validation study, this cut-off score yielded a sensitivity of 64.2% and a specificity of 67.1% for identifying impaired HRQoL.
    Conclusion: Early and dynamic assessment of cancer-related FT in routine clinical practice may play a crucial role in the early identification and management of FT. Accordingly, a COST cut-off of 18.5 was identified to indicate cost-related treatment nonadherence and impaired HRQoL in a population of patients with cancer from the Chinese mainland. This finding may facilitate the implementation of universal FT screening among patients with cancer in specific settings such as the Chinese mainland.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Quality of Life ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Financial Stress ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Health Care Costs ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-01-27
    Erscheinungsland Germany
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1134446-5
    ISSN 1433-7339 ; 0941-4355
    ISSN (online) 1433-7339
    ISSN 0941-4355
    DOI 10.1007/s00520-024-08320-w
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  4. Artikel: Feasibility and acceptability of motivational interviewing to promote colorectal cancer screening among average risk Chinese older adults.

    Chan, Dorothy N S / Choi, Kai-Chow

    Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing

    2023  Band 10, Heft 12, Seite(n) 100315

    Abstract: Objective: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of motivational interviewing to promote fecal immunochemical test (FIT) uptake among average-risk Chinese older adults and to preliminarily examine its effects on the knowledge ... ...

    Abstract Objective: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of motivational interviewing to promote fecal immunochemical test (FIT) uptake among average-risk Chinese older adults and to preliminarily examine its effects on the knowledge level, perceived barriers to and benefits of the FIT, self-efficacy in screening, screening intention and FIT uptake.
    Methods: A one-group pre-test and post-test study design was adopted. A motivational interviewing intervention using face-to-face and telephone approaches was delivered to average-risk Chinese older adults aged 50-75 years. The number of participants approached, the number eligible for participation and intervention completion, and study retention rates were recorded. The knowledge, perceived benefits of, barriers to, self-efficacy in and intention to participate in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening were assessed before and after the intervention. FIT uptake was recorded 3 months after the intervention. Interviews were conducted to record the participants' experiences of participating in the intervention.
    Results: Twenty Chinese older adults completed the study. The motivational interviewing intervention improved the screening intention, knowledge of CRC and its screening, the perceived benefits of and self-efficacy in screening and perceived barriers to screening. Twelve participants (60%) had undergone FIT screening. Nineteen participants attended the interviews. They were all satisfied with the intervention. Three categories were generated regarding their experience in participating in the intervention, namely, (1) enhanced motivation and self-efficacy in screening, (2) enhanced understanding of the CRC screening program, and (3) areas for intervention improvement.
    Conclusions: The implementation of a motivational interviewing intervention was feasible and was acceptable to average-risk Chinese older adults. A full-scale study should be conducted in the future.
    Trial registration: ISRCTN39658070.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-10-12
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2984639-0
    ISSN 2349-6673 ; 2347-5625
    ISSN (online) 2349-6673
    ISSN 2347-5625
    DOI 10.1016/j.apjon.2023.100315
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  5. Artikel ; Online: eHealth literacy of migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong in the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed methods study.

    Milanti, Ariesta / Chan, Dorothy Ngo Sheung / Choi, Kai Chow / So, Winnie Kwok Wei

    PloS one

    2024  Band 19, Heft 4, Seite(n) e0296893

    Abstract: Background: Health communication in the COVID-19 pandemic can be effectively implemented if all members of the populations, including marginalized population such as migrant domestic workers (MDWs), have good eHealth literacy. Lessons learned during ... ...

    Abstract Background: Health communication in the COVID-19 pandemic can be effectively implemented if all members of the populations, including marginalized population such as migrant domestic workers (MDWs), have good eHealth literacy. Lessons learned during this critical period may help improve planning and mitigation of the impacts of future health crises.
    Methods: This study aimed to examine and explore the eHealth literacy levels of the MDWs in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic by using a convergent mixed methods research design. A total of 1156 Hong Kong MDWs participated in a paper-based survey using a multistage cluster random sampling design for the quantitative component. eHealth literacy was measured using an eHealth literacy Scale (eHEALS). For the qualitative component, a purposive sampling of 19 MDWs participated in face-to-face, semi-structured, in-depth interviews. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses were used to carry out the quantitative analysis, while thematic analysis was used for the qualitative analysis. Both quantitative and qualitative data were merged and integrated for mixed-methods analysis.
    Results: The meta-inferences of the quantitative and qualitative results mainly confirmed that MDWs in Hong Kong had good levels of eHealth literacy. The use of Instagram, YouTube and WhatsApp as the COVID-19 information sources, in addition to having an interest in the topic of the current spread of COVID-19 together with the Hong Kong government's policies related to COVID-19, were found to be associated with eHealth literacy.
    Conclusions: The eHealth literacy level of MDWs in Hong Kong was shown to be good and it was influenced by the use of popular social media platforms including Instagram, YouTube, and WhatsApp. It is realistic to suggest that such platforms should be harnessed for health communication during the pandemic. Yet, regulations to combat false information on these media are also urgently needed.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Hong Kong/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Transients and Migrants ; Health Literacy ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Telemedicine/methods
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-04-18
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0296893
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  6. Artikel ; Online: Effects of a structured Tai Chi program on improving physical activity levels, exercise self-efficacy and health outcomes among pregnant women: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

    Ma, Nan / Chau, Janita Pak Chun / Deng, Yongfang / Choi, Kai Chow

    BMJ open

    2023  Band 13, Heft 2, Seite(n) e065640

    Abstract: Introduction: Tai Chi is a traditional Chinese martial art developed over 300 years ago. Although studies report that Tai Chi benefits practitioners' cardiovascular health, respiratory system and psychological outcomes, only limited studies have ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Tai Chi is a traditional Chinese martial art developed over 300 years ago. Although studies report that Tai Chi benefits practitioners' cardiovascular health, respiratory system and psychological outcomes, only limited studies have evaluated the effects of Tai Chi on pregnant women. More evidence is needed to examine the effects of a Tai Chi exercise programme among pregnant women.
    Methods and analysis: This is a randomised controlled trial to investigate the effects of a 12-week theory-based Tai Chi programme on improving physical activity levels, exercise self-efficacy and health outcomes among pregnant women. A total of 136 low-risk pregnant women (68 per group) were recruited and randomly assigned to receive usual care or usual care with the Tai Chi programme consisting of two group-based educational sessions and three Tai Chi sessions over 3 months. A Tai Chi video was provided to the participants to facilitate self-practice at home. Outcomes including physical activity levels, exercise self-efficacy, weight gain, prenatal depressive symptoms and prenatal anxiety symptoms were evaluated at baseline (T0), 6th week after intervention commencement (T1) and 1 week after intervention completion (ie, post-intervention) (T2). Intention-to-treat analysis and generalised estimating equations model will be used to analyse repeated outcome measures.
    Ethics and dissemination: The study has been approved by the Joint Chinese University of Hong Kong-New Territories East Cluster Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Ref. 2022.043-T). Written consent was obtained from each participant. The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.
    Trial registration number: ChiCTR2200059920.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Exercise ; Pregnant Women ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Self Efficacy ; Tai Ji
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-02-20
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065640
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  7. Artikel ; Online: Social capital for carers of patients with advanced organ failure: a qualitative exploration of stakeholders' perspectives.

    Ng, Marques Shek Nam / So, Winnie Kwok Wei / Choi, Kai Chow / Akingbade, Oluwadamilare / Chan, Wallace Chi Ho / Chan, Helen Yue Lai / Chan, Carmen Wing Han

    BMC public health

    2024  Band 24, Heft 1, Seite(n) 670

    Abstract: Background: Carers of patients with advanced organ failure (AOF) experience a tremendous caregiving burden. Social capital utilizes the internal strength of a community to support its members and may provide carers with comprehensive support. This study ...

    Abstract Background: Carers of patients with advanced organ failure (AOF) experience a tremendous caregiving burden. Social capital utilizes the internal strength of a community to support its members and may provide carers with comprehensive support. This study aimed to identify the different sources of social capital that can support carers of patients with AOF from the perspectives of stakeholders.
    Method: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted in community settings from April 2021 to May 2022. Stakeholders from medical social work departments, self-help groups, and non-governmental organizations were recruited, while some community members were invited through online media platforms. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted using an interview guide. Interview transcripts were analyzed using a qualitative description approach. In total, 98 stakeholders, including 25 carers, 25 patients, 24 professionals, and 24 community members, were recruited using purposive and snowball sampling.
    Results: Six categories about social capital for carers emerged, namely, carer attributes, the community, social care services, healthcare services, information, and policies. While the attributes of carers and their relationships with care recipients had a significant influence on caregiving, support from different groups in the community, such as neighbors and employers, was valued. Good communication of information about caregiving and social services was emphasized as being helpful by carers and other stakeholders. While carers presented a need for various healthcare and social care services, several features of these services, including their person-centeredness and proactive reach, were deemed useful. At the societal level, policies and research on comprehensive supportive services are warranted. The different sources of social capital constitute a multi-layer support system in the community.
    Conclusion: Carers can utilize personal attributes, interpersonal relationships, community resources, and societal contexts to enhance their caregiving. While this system can serve as a framework for building carer-friendly communities, interventions may be required to strengthen some aspects of social capital.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Caregivers ; Social Capital ; Self-Help Groups ; Social Support ; Social Work
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-03-02
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041338-5
    ISSN 1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
    ISSN (online) 1471-2458
    ISSN 1471-2458
    DOI 10.1186/s12889-024-18213-6
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  8. Artikel ; Online: Effects of immersive virtual reality for alleviating anxiety, nausea and vomiting among patients with paediatric cancer receiving their first chemotherapy: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

    Wong, Cho Lee / Li, Huiyuan / Li, Chi Kong / Chan, Carmen Wing Han / Cheung, Yin Ting / Choi, Kai Chow / So, Winnie Kwok Wei

    BMJ open

    2024  Band 14, Heft 2, Seite(n) e079837

    Abstract: Introduction: Anxiety, nausea and vomiting are common side effects suffered by paediatric patients receiving chemotherapy. Emerging evidence supports the efficacy of immersive virtual reality (IVR) on improving anxiety and distress symptoms including ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Anxiety, nausea and vomiting are common side effects suffered by paediatric patients receiving chemotherapy. Emerging evidence supports the efficacy of immersive virtual reality (IVR) on improving anxiety and distress symptoms including nausea and vomiting in this vulnerable group. This trial aims to evaluate the effects of IVR intervention on anxiety, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and anticipatory nausea and vomiting in patients with paediatric cancer receiving first chemotherapy.
    Method and analysis: An assessor-blinded, randomised controlled trial with a mixed methods evaluation approach. On the basis of our pilot results, 128 chemotherapy-naive patients with paediatric cancer scheduled to receive their first intravenous chemotherapy will be recruited from a public hospital and randomly allocated to intervention (n=64) or control groups (n=64). The intervention group will receive the IVR intervention for three sessions: 2 hours before the first chemotherapy, 5 min before and during their first chemotherapy and 5 min before and during their second chemotherapy, respectively. The control group will receive standard care only. A subsample of 30 participants in the intervention group will be invited for a qualitative interview. Study instruments are: (1) short form of the Chinese version of the State Anxiety Scale for Children, (2) visual analogue scale for anticipatory nausea and vomiting, (3) Chinese version of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer Antiemesis Tool and (4) individual face-to-face semistructured interviews to explore intervention participants' perceptions of the IVR intervention.
    Ethics and dissemination: This study has been approved by the Hong Kong Children's Hospital Research Ethics Committee (HKCH-REC-2021-009). The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and through local or interventional conference presentations.
    Trial registration number: ChiCTR2100048732.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Child ; Vomiting/chemically induced ; Vomiting/prevention & control ; Nausea/chemically induced ; Nausea/drug therapy ; Nausea/prevention & control ; Anxiety/therapy ; Anxiety Disorders ; Neoplasms/complications ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-02-24
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079837
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  9. Artikel ; Online: A Mobile Instant Messaging-Delivered Psychoeducational Intervention for Cancer Caregivers: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

    Cheng, Qinqin / Ng, Marques Shek Nam / Choi, Kai Chow / Chen, Yongyi / Liu, Gaoming / So, Winnie Kwok Wei

    JAMA network open

    2024  Band 7, Heft 2, Seite(n) e2356522

    Abstract: Importance: Psychoeducational interventions (PEIs), which provide both information and emotional and psychosocial support, may address the unmet needs of the caregivers of adolescent and young adult patients with cancer.: Objective: To explore the ... ...

    Abstract Importance: Psychoeducational interventions (PEIs), which provide both information and emotional and psychosocial support, may address the unmet needs of the caregivers of adolescent and young adult patients with cancer.
    Objective: To explore the effects of an instant messaging-delivered PEI on anxiety, depression, quality of life (QOL), and coping and determine whether the intervention reduces caregivers' unmet needs.
    Design, setting, and participants: This randomized clinical trial using an intention-to-treat protocol was conducted from April 1 to September 14, 2022, in a tertiary cancer hospital in China and included caregivers of patients diagnosed with cancer at age 15 to 39 years recruited using convenience sampling.
    Intervention: Caregivers were allocated 1:1 using a randomized block scheme to the intervention or control group. The intervention group received a 5-week PEI and usual care, whereas the control group received only usual care. The PEI was delivered through articles and calls through an instant messaging application.
    Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcomes were changes in the levels of caregivers' anxiety and depression, measured using the 7-Item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9, respectively. The secondary outcomes were changes in the levels of caregivers' QOL, coping, and unmet needs.
    Results: Of the 160 participants, 92 (57.5%) were male; mean (SD) age was 40.27 (8.33) years. Compared with the control group, the intervention group had significantly greater reduction in severity of anxiety (B = -3.231; 95% CI, -4.746 to -1.716; P < .001) and depression (B = -3.253; 95% CI, -5.052 to -1.454; P < .001), smaller reduction in QOL (B = 13.574; 95% CI, 0.488-26.661; P = .04), and greater reduction in unmet needs (B = -12.136; 95% CI, -18.307 to -5.965; P < .001) after the intervention. Twelve weeks after baseline, the intervention group demonstrated a significantly greater reduction only in severity of anxiety (B = -1.890; 95% CI, -3.382 to -0.397; P = .01).
    Conclusions and relevance: In this randomized clinical trial of a mobile instant messaging-delivered PEI, caregivers' unmet needs, anxiety, and depression decreased significantly and QOL declined at a significantly slower rate immediately after the intervention in the intervention group compared with the control group. A sustained effect on anxiety was observed 12 weeks after baseline.
    Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR2200055951.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Adult ; Female ; Quality of Life ; Caregivers ; Psychosocial Support Systems ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Anxiety/therapy
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-02-05
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ISSN 2574-3805
    ISSN (online) 2574-3805
    DOI 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.56522
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  10. Artikel ; Online: Corrigendum to "Effects of ventilatory bundles on patient outcomes among ICU patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis'' [Heart & Lung, volume 63 (2024), 98-107].

    Thapa, Dejina / Chair, Sek Ying / Chong, Mei Sin / Poudel, Rishi Ram / Melesse, Tenaw Gualu / Choi, Kai Chow / Tam, Hon Lon

    Heart & lung : the journal of critical care

    2024  Band 64, Seite(n) 142

    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-01-09
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 193129-5
    ISSN 1527-3288 ; 0147-9563
    ISSN (online) 1527-3288
    ISSN 0147-9563
    DOI 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.01.001
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