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  1. Article ; Online: Factors Associated With the Microbiome in Moderate-Late Preterm Babies: A Cohort Study From the DIAMOND Randomized Controlled Trial.

    Chong, Clara Yieh Lin / Vatanen, Tommi / Alexander, Tanith / Bloomfield, Frank H / O'Sullivan, Justin M

    Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

    2021  Volume 11, Page(s) 595323

    Abstract: The gut microbiota of preterm infants is affected by perinatal factors and, in turn, may impact upon infant health. In this study, we collected fecal samples at Day-10 (D10) and 4-months corrected-age (4M) from 227 moderate-late preterm (MLPT) babies ... ...

    Abstract The gut microbiota of preterm infants is affected by perinatal factors and, in turn, may impact upon infant health. In this study, we collected fecal samples at Day-10 (D10) and 4-months corrected-age (4M) from 227 moderate-late preterm (MLPT) babies enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of nutritional management. A total of 320 samples underwent 16S amplicon sequencing, and shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed on 94 samples from the 4M time point. The microbiome of babies whose families lived in lower socioeconomic status (SES) areas exhibited a significantly higher microbial alpha diversity at D10 (Wilcoxon test
    MeSH term(s) Cohort Studies ; Diamond ; Feces ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Microbiota ; Pregnancy ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
    Chemical Substances RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Diamond (7782-40-3)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2619676-1
    ISSN 2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
    ISSN (online) 2235-2988
    ISSN 2235-2988
    DOI 10.3389/fcimb.2021.595323
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The microbial biogeography of the gastrointestinal tract of preterm and term lambs.

    Chong, Clara Yieh Lin / Vatanen, Tommi / Oliver, Mark / Bloomfield, Frank H / O'Sullivan, Justin M

    Scientific reports

    2020  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 9113

    Abstract: Nutritional supplementation is a common clinical intervention to support the growth of preterm infants. There is little information on how nutritional supplementation interacts with the developing microbiome of the small intestine, the major site for ... ...

    Abstract Nutritional supplementation is a common clinical intervention to support the growth of preterm infants. There is little information on how nutritional supplementation interacts with the developing microbiome of the small intestine, the major site for nutrient metabolism and absorption. We investigated the effect of preterm birth and nutritional supplementation on the mucosal and luminal microbiota along the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of preterm lambs. Preterm lambs (n = 24) were enterally supplemented with branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), carbohydrate (maltodextrin), or water for two weeks from birth. Term lambs (n = 7) received water. Mucosal scrapings and luminal samples were collected from the duodenum, jejunum, ileum (small intestine) and colon at six weeks post-term age and analysed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Anatomical site explained 54% (q = 0.0004) of the variance and differences between the term and preterm groups explained 5.7% (q = 0.024) of the variance in microbial beta-diversities. The colon was enriched with Tenericutes and Verrucomicrobia compared to the small intestine, while Actinobacteria, and superphylum Patescibacteria were present in higher abundance in the small intestine compared to the colon. Our findings highlight that early-life short-term nutritional supplementation in preterm lambs does not alter the microbial community residing in the small intestine and colon.
    MeSH term(s) Actinobacteria ; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain/administration & dosage ; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain/metabolism ; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn/metabolism ; Animals, Newborn/microbiology ; Colon/microbiology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestine, Small/microbiology ; Nutrients/metabolism ; Polysaccharides/administration & dosage ; Polysaccharides/metabolism ; Premature Birth/metabolism ; Sheep/metabolism ; Sheep/microbiology ; Tenericutes ; Term Birth/metabolism ; Verrucomicrobia ; Water/administration & dosage ; Water/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Amino Acids, Branched-Chain ; Polysaccharides ; Water (059QF0KO0R) ; maltodextrin (7CVR7L4A2D)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-020-66056-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Factors Affecting Gastrointestinal Microbiome Development in Neonates.

    Chong, Clara Yieh Lin / Bloomfield, Frank H / O'Sullivan, Justin M

    Nutrients

    2018  Volume 10, Issue 3

    Abstract: The gut microbiome is established in the newborn period and is recognised to interact with the host to influence metabolism. Different environmental factors that are encountered during this critical period may influence the gut microbial composition, ... ...

    Abstract The gut microbiome is established in the newborn period and is recognised to interact with the host to influence metabolism. Different environmental factors that are encountered during this critical period may influence the gut microbial composition, potentially impacting upon later disease risk, such as asthma, metabolic disorder, and inflammatory bowel disease. The sterility dogma of the foetus in utero is challenged by studies that identified bacteria, bacterial DNA, or bacterial products in meconium, amniotic fluid, and the placenta; indicating the initiation of maternal-to-offspring microbial colonisation in utero. This narrative review aims to provide a better understanding of factors that affect the development of the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome during prenatal, perinatal to postnatal life, and their reciprocal relationship with GI tract development in neonates.
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Bacteria/classification ; Bacteria/drug effects ; Bacteria/growth & development ; Bottle Feeding ; Breast Feeding ; Child Development ; Environment ; Fetal Development ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects ; Gastrointestinal Tract/drug effects ; Gastrointestinal Tract/growth & development ; Gastrointestinal Tract/microbiology ; Gestational Age ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Infant Formula ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Infant, Newborn ; Milk, Human/microbiology ; Nutritional Status
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-02-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu10030274
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Randomised Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Inulin with Metronidazole in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

    Chong, Clara Yieh Lin / Orr, David / Plank, Lindsay D / Vatanen, Tommi / O'Sullivan, Justin M / Murphy, Rinki

    Nutrients. 2020 Mar. 27, v. 12, no. 4

    2020  

    Abstract: Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can be ameliorated by weight loss although difficult to maintain. Emerging evidence indicates that prebiotics and antibiotics improve NAFLD. Aim: To determine whether inulin supplementation after ... ...

    Abstract Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can be ameliorated by weight loss although difficult to maintain. Emerging evidence indicates that prebiotics and antibiotics improve NAFLD. Aim: To determine whether inulin supplementation after brief metronidazole therapy is effective in reducing alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and maintaining weight loss achieved through a very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) among people with NAFLD. Methods: Sixty-two people with NAFLD commenced 4-week VLCD using Optifast meal replacements (600 kcal/day). Sixty were then randomised into a 12-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel three-arm trial: (1) 400 mg metronidazole twice daily in Week 1 then inulin 4 g twice daily OR (2) placebo twice daily in week one then inulin OR (3) placebo-placebo. Main outcomes were ALT and body weight at 12 weeks. Fecal microbiota changes were also evaluated. Results: Mean body mass index (BMI) and ALT reduced after VLCD by 2.4 kg/m² and 11 U/L, respectively. ALT further decreased after metronidazole-inulin compared to after placebo-placebo (mean ALT change -19.6 vs. -0.2 U/L, respectively; p = 0.026); however, weight loss maintenance did not differ. VLCD treatment decreased the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Brief metronidazole followed by inulin supplementation can reduce ALT beyond that achieved after VLCD in patients with NAFLD.
    Keywords Bacteroidetes ; Firmicutes ; alanine transaminase ; antibiotics ; body mass index ; body weight ; fatty liver ; intestinal microorganisms ; inulin ; metronidazole ; nutrients ; patients ; people ; placebos ; prebiotics ; therapeutics ; very low calorie diet ; weight loss
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0327
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-light
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu12040937
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article: Factors Affecting Gastrointestinal Microbiome Development in Neonates

    Chong, Clara Yieh Lin / Bloomfield, Frank H / O’Sullivan, Justin M

    Nutrients. 2018 Feb. 28, v. 10, no. 3

    2018  

    Abstract: The gut microbiome is established in the newborn period and is recognised to interact with the host to influence metabolism. Different environmental factors that are encountered during this critical period may influence the gut microbial composition, ... ...

    Abstract The gut microbiome is established in the newborn period and is recognised to interact with the host to influence metabolism. Different environmental factors that are encountered during this critical period may influence the gut microbial composition, potentially impacting upon later disease risk, such as asthma, metabolic disorder, and inflammatory bowel disease. The sterility dogma of the foetus in utero is challenged by studies that identified bacteria, bacterial DNA, or bacterial products in meconium, amniotic fluid, and the placenta; indicating the initiation of maternal-to-offspring microbial colonisation in utero. This narrative review aims to provide a better understanding of factors that affect the development of the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome during prenatal, perinatal to postnatal life, and their reciprocal relationship with GI tract development in neonates.
    Keywords DNA ; amniotic fluid ; asthma ; bacteria ; environmental factors ; fetus ; gastrointestinal system ; inflammatory bowel disease ; intestinal microorganisms ; metabolic diseases ; metabolism ; microbial colonization ; microbiome ; neonates ; placenta ; risk
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-0228
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu10030274
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Randomised Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Inulin with Metronidazole in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).

    Chong, Clara Yieh Lin / Orr, David / Plank, Lindsay D / Vatanen, Tommi / O'Sullivan, Justin M / Murphy, Rinki

    Nutrients

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 4

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Background
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Alanine Transaminase/blood ; Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use ; Caloric Restriction ; Double-Blind Method ; Feces/microbiology ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Inulin/therapeutic use ; Male ; Metronidazole/therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diet therapy ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/drug therapy ; Prebiotics ; Weight Loss ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Anti-Infective Agents ; Prebiotics ; Metronidazole (140QMO216E) ; Inulin (9005-80-5) ; Alanine Transaminase (EC 2.6.1.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu12040937
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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