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  1. Article ; Online: Transposable element accumulation drives size differences among polymorphic Y Chromosomes in

    Nguyen, Alison H / Wang, Weixiang / Chong, Emily / Chatla, Kamalakar / Bachtrog, Doris

    Genome research

    2022  Volume 32, Issue 6, Page(s) 1074–1088

    Abstract: Y Chromosomes of many species are gene poor and show low levels of nucleotide variation, yet they often display high amounts of structural diversity. Dobzhansky cataloged several morphologically distinct Y Chromosomes ... ...

    Abstract Y Chromosomes of many species are gene poor and show low levels of nucleotide variation, yet they often display high amounts of structural diversity. Dobzhansky cataloged several morphologically distinct Y Chromosomes in
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chromosomes ; DNA Transposable Elements/genetics ; Drosophila/genetics ; Heterochromatin/genetics ; X Chromosome/genetics ; Y Chromosome/genetics
    Chemical Substances DNA Transposable Elements ; Heterochromatin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1284872-4
    ISSN 1549-5469 ; 1088-9051 ; 1054-9803
    ISSN (online) 1549-5469
    ISSN 1088-9051 ; 1054-9803
    DOI 10.1101/gr.275996.121
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Non-criteria antiphospholipid antibodies and calprotectin as potential biomarkers in pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome.

    Sloan, Elizabeth E / Kmetova, Katarina / NaveenKumar, Somanathapura K / Kluge, Lyndsay / Chong, Emily / Hoy, Claire K / Yalavarthi, Srilakshmi / Sarosh, Cyrus / Baisch, Jeanine / Walters, Lynnette / Nassi, Lorien / Fuller, Julie / Turnier, Jessica L / Pascual, Virginia / Wright, Tracey B / Madison, Jacqueline A / Knight, Jason S / Zia, Ayesha / Zuo, Yu

    Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)

    2024  Volume 261, Page(s) 109926

    Abstract: Our study aimed to evaluate the presence, clinical associations, and potential mechanistic roles of non-criteria antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and circulating calprotectin, a highly stable marker of neutrophil extracellular trap release (NETosis), in ...

    Abstract Our study aimed to evaluate the presence, clinical associations, and potential mechanistic roles of non-criteria antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and circulating calprotectin, a highly stable marker of neutrophil extracellular trap release (NETosis), in pediatric APS patients. We found that 79% of pediatric APS patients had at least one non-criteria aPL at moderate-to-high titer. Univariate logistic regression demonstrated that positive anti-beta-2 glycoprotein I domain 1 (anti-D1) IgG (p = 0.008), anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT) IgG (p < 0.001), and aPS/PT IgM (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with venous thrombosis. Positive anti-D1 IgG (p < 0.001), aPS/PT IgG (p < 0.001), and aPS/PT IgM (p = 0.001) were also associated with non-thrombotic manifestations of APS, such as thrombocytopenia. Increased levels of calprotectin were detected in children with APS. Calprotectin correlated positively with absolute neutrophil count (r = 0.63, p = 0.008) and negatively with platelet count (r = -0.59, p = 0.015). Mechanistically, plasma from pediatric APS patients with high calprotectin levels impaired platelet viability in a dose-dependent manner.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Antibodies, Antiphospholipid ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome ; Biomarkers ; beta 2-Glycoprotein I ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Prothrombin ; Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Antiphospholipid ; Biomarkers ; beta 2-Glycoprotein I ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Prothrombin (9001-26-7) ; Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1459903-x
    ISSN 1521-7035 ; 1521-6616
    ISSN (online) 1521-7035
    ISSN 1521-6616
    DOI 10.1016/j.clim.2024.109926
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Calprotectin Impairs Platelet Survival in Patients With Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome.

    Hoy, Claire K / NaveenKumar, Somanathapura K / Navaz, Sherwin A / Sugur, Kavya / Yalavarthi, Srilakshmi / Sarosh, Cyrus / Smith, Tristin / Kmetova, Katarina / Chong, Emily / Peters, Noah F / Rysenga, Christine E / Norman, Gary L / Figueroa-Parra, Gabriel / Nelson, Dava / Girard, Jennifer / Ahmed, Asra Z / Schaefer, Jordan K / Gudjonsson, Johann E / Kahlenberg, J Michelle /
    Madison, Jacqueline A / Knight, Jason S / Crowson, Cynthia S / Duarte-García, Alí / Zuo, Yu

    Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)

    2024  

    Abstract: Objective: While thrombosis and pregnancy loss are the best-known clinical features of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), many patients also exhibit "extra-criteria" manifestations, such as thrombocytopenia. The mechanisms that drive APS thrombocytopenia ... ...

    Abstract Objective: While thrombosis and pregnancy loss are the best-known clinical features of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), many patients also exhibit "extra-criteria" manifestations, such as thrombocytopenia. The mechanisms that drive APS thrombocytopenia are not completely understood, and no clinical biomarkers are available for predicting antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)-mediated thrombocytopenia. Calprotectin is a heterodimer of S100A8 and S100A9 that is abundant in the neutrophil cytoplasm and released upon proinflammatory neutrophil activation. Here, we sought to evaluate the presence, clinical associations, and potential mechanistic roles of circulating calprotectin in a cohort of primary APS and aPL-positive patients.
    Methods: Levels of circulating calprotectin were determined in plasma by the QUANTA Flash chemiluminescent assay. A viability dye-based platelet assay was used to assess the potential impact of calprotectin on aPL-mediated thrombocytopenia.
    Results: Circulating calprotectin was measured in 112 patients with primary APS and 30 aPL-positive (without APS criteria manifestations or lupus) patients as compared to patients with lupus (without APS), patients with unprovoked venous thrombosis (without aPL), and healthy controls. Levels of calprotectin were higher in patients with primary APS and aPL-positive patients compared to healthy controls. After adjustment for age and sex, calprotectin level correlated positively with absolute neutrophil count (r = 0.41, P < 0.001), positively with C-reactive protein level (r = 0.34, P = 0.002), and negatively with platelet count (r = -0.24, P = 0.004). Mechanistically, we found that calprotectin provoked aPL-mediated thrombocytopenia by engaging platelet surface toll-like receptor 4 and activating the NLRP3-inflammasome, thereby reducing platelet viability in a caspase-1-dependent manner.
    Conclusion: These data suggest that calprotectin has the potential to be a functional biomarker and a new therapeutic target for APS thrombocytopenia.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2756371-6
    ISSN 2326-5205 ; 2326-5191
    ISSN (online) 2326-5205
    ISSN 2326-5191
    DOI 10.1002/art.42801
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Direct photoresponsive inhibition of a p53-like transcription activation domain in PIF3 by Arabidopsis phytochrome B.

    Yoo, Chan Yul / He, Jiangman / Sang, Qing / Qiu, Yongjian / Long, Lingyun / Kim, Ruth Jean-Ae / Chong, Emily G / Hahm, Joseph / Morffy, Nicholas / Zhou, Pei / Strader, Lucia C / Nagatani, Akira / Mo, Beixin / Chen, Xuemei / Chen, Meng

    Nature communications

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 5614

    Abstract: Photoactivated phytochrome B (PHYB) binds to antagonistically acting PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING transcription FACTORs (PIFs) to regulate hundreds of light responsive genes in Arabidopsis by promoting PIF degradation. However, whether PHYB directly controls ... ...

    Abstract Photoactivated phytochrome B (PHYB) binds to antagonistically acting PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING transcription FACTORs (PIFs) to regulate hundreds of light responsive genes in Arabidopsis by promoting PIF degradation. However, whether PHYB directly controls the transactivation activity of PIFs remains ambiguous. Here we show that the prototypic PIF, PIF3, possesses a p53-like transcription activation domain (AD) consisting of a hydrophobic activator motif flanked by acidic residues. A PIF3mAD mutant, in which the activator motif is replaced with alanines, fails to activate PIF3 target genes in Arabidopsis, validating the functions of the PIF3 AD in vivo. Intriguingly, the N-terminal photosensory module of PHYB binds immediately adjacent to the PIF3 AD to repress PIF3's transactivation activity, demonstrating a novel PHYB signaling mechanism through direct interference of the transactivation activity of PIF3. Our findings indicate that PHYB, likely also PHYA, controls the stability and activity of PIFs via structurally separable dual signaling mechanisms.
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabidopsis/genetics ; Arabidopsis/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics ; Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Binding Sites/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/radiation effects ; Models, Genetic ; Phytochrome A/genetics ; Phytochrome A/metabolism ; Phytochrome B/genetics ; Phytochrome B/metabolism ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Protein Binding/radiation effects ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Transcriptional Activation/genetics ; Transcriptional Activation/radiation effects ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Arabidopsis Proteins ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; ELIP2 protein, Arabidopsis ; PIF1 protein, Arabidopsis ; PIF3 protein, Arabidopsis ; Phytochrome A ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; Phytochrome B (136250-22-1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-021-25909-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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