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Article ; Online: The Impact of COVID-19 on Anxiety in Chinese University Students

Chongying Wang / Hong Zhao

Frontiers in Psychology, Vol

2020 Volume 11

Abstract: COVID-19 had become a pandemic raising concerns of widespread panic and increasing anxiety and stress in individuals all over the world (World Health Organization, 2020a). Lots of countries had closed their schools. As the first country to do so, Chinese ...

Abstract	COVID-19 had become a pandemic raising concerns of widespread panic and increasing anxiety and stress in individuals all over the world (World Health Organization, 2020a). Lots of countries had closed their schools. As the first country to do so, Chinese colleges and universities were making use of different modes of learning, including online-learning based on different platforms to achieve the goal suggested by Ministry of Education in China, “suspending classes without suspending learning,” since middle February. This paper is the first one which aims to investigate the anxiety of Chinese university students after the outbreak of COVID-19 right before the start of new spring term. 3611 university students (female: male = 1.48:1) aged between 18 to 24 from all over China were enrolled to this study from a top university in China. The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale – SAS (Zung, 1971) was used to assess anxiety 2 days before the start of new spring term in middle February. All four-year undergraduate students were included in the study. The mean SAS score was 40.53 (SD = 10.15), significantly higher than the national norm (Mean = 29.78, SD = 10.07, and p ≤ .001), and there were still 557 (15.43%, Mean = 58.75, and SD = 8.9) students met the cutoff of 50 and were screened positive. Comparisons among sexes, grades and majors were also conducted. Significant differences were found between all males and all female (p ≤ .001), and between all students majoring arts and sciences in the anxiety sample (n = 557, p = 0.05). The results also showed that the mean SAS scores were not correlated with the regions they came from/lived in. This study concluded that the Chinese university students showed higher anxiety for COVID-19.
Keywords	anxiety ; university students ; COVID-19 ; China ; SAS ; Psychology ; BF1-990 ; covid19
Subject code	370
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: NAC Transcription Factors as Positive or Negative Regulators during Ongoing Battle between Pathogens and Our Food Crops

Zhiyuan Bian / Huanhuan Gao / Chongying Wang

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 81, p

2021 Volume 81

Abstract: The NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) family of proteins is one of the largest plant-specific transcription factor (TF) families and its members play varied roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. In recent years, NAC TFs have been ... ...

Abstract	The NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) family of proteins is one of the largest plant-specific transcription factor (TF) families and its members play varied roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. In recent years, NAC TFs have been demonstrated to participate in crop-pathogen interactions, as positive or negative regulators of the downstream defense-related genes. NAC TFs link signaling pathways between plant hormones, including salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene (ET), and abscisic acid (ABA), or other signals, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), to regulate the resistance against pathogens. Remarkably, NAC TFs can also contribute to hypersensitive response and stomatal immunity or can be hijacked as virulence targets of pathogen effectors. Here, we review recent progress in understanding the structure, biological functions and signaling networks of NAC TFs in response to pathogens in several main food crops, such as rice, wheat, barley, and tomato, and explore the directions needed to further elucidate the function and mechanisms of these key signaling molecules.
Keywords	NAC TFs ; pathogens ; food crops ; phytohormones ; reactive oxygen species ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	572
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Crosstalk between Hydrogen Sulfide and Other Signal Molecules Regulates Plant Growth and Development

Lijuan Xuan / Jian Li / Xinyu Wang / Chongying Wang

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 4593, p

2020 Volume 4593

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), once recognized only as a poisonous gas, is now considered the third endogenous gaseous transmitter, along with nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Multiple lines of emerging evidence suggest that H 2 S plays positive ... ...

Abstract	Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), once recognized only as a poisonous gas, is now considered the third endogenous gaseous transmitter, along with nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Multiple lines of emerging evidence suggest that H 2 S plays positive roles in plant growth and development when at appropriate concentrations, including seed germination, root development, photosynthesis, stomatal movement, and organ abscission under both normal and stress conditions. H 2 S influences these processes by altering gene expression and enzyme activities, as well as regulating the contents of some secondary metabolites. In its regulatory roles, H 2 S always interacts with either plant hormones, other gasotransmitters, or ionic signals, such as abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, auxin, CO, NO, and Ca 2+ . Remarkably, H 2 S also contributes to the post-translational modification of proteins to affect protein activities, structures, and sub-cellular localization. Here, we review the functions of H 2 S at different stages of plant development, focusing on the S-sulfhydration of proteins mediated by H 2 S and the crosstalk between H 2 S and other signaling molecules.
Keywords	Hydrogen sulfide ; reactive oxygen species ; S-sulfhydration ; plant hormone ; gasotransmitter ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Effects of heterologous expression of Populus euphratica brassinosteroids biosynthetic enzyme genes CPD (PeCPD) and DWF4 (PeDWF4) on tissue dedifferentiation and growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings

Tian, Xianghong / Lijuan Xuan / Baiyun Liu / Tiantian Hu / Chongying Wang / Xinyu Wang

Plant cell, tissue, and organ culture. 2018 Jan., v. 132, no. 1

2018

Abstract: To understand the functions of Populus euphratica CPD (PeCPD) and DWF4 (PeDWF4), the responses to exogenous phytohormone in Arabidopsis-PeCPD and -PeDWF4 transgenic lines (PeCPD-TL and PeDWF4-TL) and corresponding wild type (WT) seedlings were ... ...

Abstract	To understand the functions of Populus euphratica CPD (PeCPD) and DWF4 (PeDWF4), the responses to exogenous phytohormone in Arabidopsis-PeCPD and -PeDWF4 transgenic lines (PeCPD-TL and PeDWF4-TL) and corresponding wild type (WT) seedlings were investigated. Results showed that all of PeCPD-TL, PeDWF4-TL and WT seedlings cultured on the mediums containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) + 6-benzylaminopurin (6-BA) or 2,4-D + 6-BA + brassinolide (BL) could be dedifferentiated to callus with 100% frequency, but they displayed strong differences in callus formation sites, callus growth rates (CGRs) and tissue dedifferentiation degrees. On the medium containing 2,4-D alone, the seedlings of all the plants could formed callus, but callus formation times (CFTs) were delayed, and callus formation rates (CFRs) were differentially decreased. After adding lower concentrations of BL, their CFRs were all restored to 100%, but tissue dedifferentiation degrees were obviously lower than these on the mediums with 2,4-D + 6-BA or 2,4-D + 6-BA + BL. On the mediums containing 6-BA or 6-BA + BL, the seedlings of all the plants failed to produce callus. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis also showed that the transcription levels of PeCPD, PeDWF4, AtCPD and AtDWF4 in PeCPD-TL, PeDWF4-TL and WT were evidently different. These results suggest that PeCPD and PeDWF4 play similar but not exactly the same roles in the regulation of callus morphogenesis of Arabidopsis seedlings, and that BL can partially replace the role of cytokinin to induce callus formation through interacting with auxin.
Keywords	2,4-D ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Populus euphratica ; auxins ; brassinolide ; callus ; callus formation ; cytokinins ; genes ; heterologous gene expression ; morphogenesis ; plant hormones ; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ; seedlings ; transgenic plants
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-01
Size	p. 111-121.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	406394-6
ISSN	1573-5044 ; 0167-6857
ISSN (online)	1573-5044
ISSN	0167-6857
DOI	10.1007/s11240-017-1316-2
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Functional analyses of Populus euphratica brassinosteroid biosynthesis enzyme genes DWF4 (PeDWF4) and CPD (PeCPD) in the regulation of growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana

Si, Jianping / Yan Sun / Lu Wang / Ying Qin / Chongying Wang / Xinyu Wang

Journal of biosciences. 2016 Dec., v. 41, no. 4

2016

Abstract: DWF4 and CPD are key brassinosteroids (BRs) biosynthesis enzyme genes. To explore the function of Populus euphratica DWF4 (PeDWF4) and CPD (PeCPD), Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic lines (TLs) expressing PeDWF4, PeCPD or PeDWF4 plus PeCPD, namely PeDWF4- ... ...

Abstract	DWF4 and CPD are key brassinosteroids (BRs) biosynthesis enzyme genes. To explore the function of Populus euphratica DWF4 (PeDWF4) and CPD (PeCPD), Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic lines (TLs) expressing PeDWF4, PeCPD or PeDWF4 plus PeCPD, namely PeDWF4-TL, PeCPD-TL and PeCP/DW-TL, were characterized. Compared with wild type (WT), the changes of both PeDWF4-TL and PeCPD-TL in plant heights, silique and hypocotyls lengths and seed yields were similar, but in bolting time and stem diameters, they were opposite. PeCP/DW-TL was more in plant heights and the lengths of primary root, silique, and fruit stalk, but less in silique numbers and seed yields than either PeDWF4-TL or PeCPD-TL. PeDWF4 and PeCPD specially expressed in PeDWF4-TL or PeCPD-TL, and the transcription level of PeDWF4 was higher than that of PeCPD. In PeCP/DW-TL, their expressions were all relatively reduced. Additionally, the expression of PeDWF4 and PeCPD differentially made the expression levels of AtDWF4, AtCPD, AtBR6OX2, AtFLC, AtTCP1 and AtGA5 change in the TLs. The total BRs contents were PeDWF4-TL > PeCP/DW-TL > WT > PeCPD-TL. These results imply that PeDWF4 is functionally not exactly the same as PeCPD and there may be a synergistic and antagonistic effects in physiology between both of them in the regulation of plant growth and development.
Keywords	Arabidopsis thaliana ; Populus euphratica ; biosynthesis ; bolting ; brassinosteroids ; diameter ; fruits ; genes ; genetically modified organisms ; growth and development ; hypocotyls ; seed yield
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-12
Size	p. 727-742.
Publishing place	Springer India
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	756157-x
ISSN	0973-7138 ; 0250-5991
ISSN (online)	0973-7138
ISSN	0250-5991
DOI	10.1007/s12038-016-9635-8
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Antioxidative Responses and Morpho-anatomical Alterations for Coping with Flood-Induced Hypoxic Stress in Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) in Comparison with Pea (Pisum sativum)

Zhou, Lina / Chengjin Jiao / Chongying Wang / Hongzhou Hou / Na Hai / Renyi Peng / Wei Cheng / Zhiyuan Bian

Journal of plant growth regulation. 2016 Sept., v. 35, no. 3

2016

Abstract: Flooding stress constrains crop growth and yield because most agricultural species are flood-sensitive. However, many of the plant species that live in permanently or temporarily flooded habitats have evolved specific traits to cope with these harsh ... ...

Abstract	Flooding stress constrains crop growth and yield because most agricultural species are flood-sensitive. However, many of the plant species that live in permanently or temporarily flooded habitats have evolved specific traits to cope with these harsh conditions. Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is a legume that tolerates stresses such as drought, diseases, and pests; however, it is unclear whether grass pea has a tolerance mechanism for flooding stress. To understand if grass pea tolerates hypoxia and how it deals with hypoxic stress, the effects of hypoxia on root tip death, physiological, and morpho-anatomical alterations in grass pea and pea (Pisum sativum), which is sensitive to hypoxia, were compared. The results showed that activities of antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione content in grass pea were greater than in pea during hypoxia, which protected the root tip from oxidative damage and reduced ion leakage, which helped maintain membrane integrity. Furthermore, aerenchyma and lateral root development accompanied by ethylene production, moderate ROS accumulation-mediated cell death, and CaÂ²âº spatial-temporal heterogeneity developed well in grass pea compared to pea, which may not only facilitate internal gas diffusion but also promote removal of toxic by-products under hypoxic conditions. These results demonstrate that grass pea is more tolerant to hypoxic stress induced by flooding than garden pea seedlings. This discovery not only provides significant information for understanding the hypoxia-tolerant mechanisms in plants, but also promotes the usability of grass pea in flood-prone areas.
Keywords	aerenchyma ; anaerobic conditions ; ascorbate peroxidase ; byproducts ; calcium ; catalase ; cell death ; death ; drought ; enzyme activity ; ethylene production ; glutathione ; habitats ; hypoxia ; Lathyrus sativus ; peas ; pests ; Pisum sativum subsp. sativum var. sativum ; seedlings ; superoxide dismutase ; toxicity
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-09
Size	p. 690-700.
Publishing place	Springer US
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	586787-3
ISSN	1435-8107 ; 0721-7595
ISSN (online)	1435-8107
ISSN	0721-7595
DOI	10.1007/s00344-016-9572-7
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Hydrogen sulfide enhances nitricÂ oxide-induced tolerance of hypoxia in maize (Zea mays L.)

Peng, Renyi / Changquan Yang / Chongying Wang / Lina Zhou / Na Hai / Tao Yang / Wei Cheng / Xinyu Wang / Zhiyuan Bian

Plant cell reports. 2016 Nov., v. 35, no. 11

2016

Abstract: KEY MESSAGE: Our data present H â S in a new role, serving as a multi-faceted transducer to different response mechanisms during NO-induced acquisition of tolerance to flooding-induced hypoxia in maizeÂ seedling roots. Nitric oxide (NO), serving as a ... ...

Abstract	KEY MESSAGE: Our data present H â S in a new role, serving as a multi-faceted transducer to different response mechanisms during NO-induced acquisition of tolerance to flooding-induced hypoxia in maizeÂ seedling roots. Nitric oxide (NO), serving as a secondary messenger, modulates physiological processes in plants. Recently, hydrogen sulfide (HâS) has been demonstrated to have similar signaling functions. This study focused on the effects of treatment with HâS on NO-induced hypoxia tolerance in maize seedlings. The results showed that treatment with the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) enhanced survival rate of submerged maize roots through induced accumulation of endogenous HâS. The induced HâS then enhanced endogenous CaÂ²âº levels as well as the CaÂ²âº-dependent activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), improving the capacity for antioxidant defense and, ultimately, the hypoxia tolerance in maize seedlings. In addition, NO induced the activities of key enzymes in HâS biosynthesis, such as L-cysteine desulfhydrases (L-CDs), O-acetyl-L-serine (thiol)lyase (OAS-TL), and Î²-Cyanoalanine Synthase (CAS). SNP-induced hypoxia tolerance was enhanced by the application of NaHS, but was eliminated by the HâS-synthesis inhibitor hydroxylamine (HA) and the HâS-scavenger hypotaurine (HT). HâS concurrently enhanced the transcriptional levels of relative hypoxia-induced genes. Together, our findings indicated that HâS serves as a multi-faceted transducer that enhances the nitricÂ oxide-induced hypoxia tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.)
Keywords	alcohol dehydrogenase ; antioxidant activity ; biosynthesis ; calcium ; corn ; cysteine ; genes ; hydrogen ; hydrogen sulfide ; hydroxylamine ; hypoxia ; nitric oxide ; nitroprusside ; roots ; second messengers ; seedlings ; survival rate ; thiols ; transcription (genetics) ; Zea mays
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-11
Size	p. 2325-2340.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	8397-5
ISSN	1432-203X ; 0721-085X ; 0721-7714
ISSN (online)	1432-203X
ISSN	0721-085X ; 0721-7714
DOI	10.1007/s00299-016-2037-4
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Cloning and characterization of a novel Athspr promoter specifically active in vascular tissue

Zhang, Liang / Chongying Wang / Hongyan Hao / Shengtao Xu / Tao Yang / Wei Cheng / Xiaoying Li / Yingli Sun

Plant physiology and biochemistry. 2014 May, v. 78

2014

Abstract: The vascular system â xylem, phloem and the cambium â is essential for water supply, nutrient transport, and physical support in higher plants. Although it is known that vascular-specific gene expression is regulated by cis-acting regulatory ... ...

Abstract	The vascular system â xylem, phloem and the cambium â is essential for water supply, nutrient transport, and physical support in higher plants. Although it is known that vascular-specific gene expression is regulated by cis-acting regulatory sequences in promoters, it is largely unknown how many regulatory elements exist and what their roles are in promoters. To understand the regulatory elements of vascular-specific promoters and their roles in vascular development, a T-DNA insertion mutant showing delayed growth and diminished resistance to environmental stress was isolated using promoter trap strategy. The novel gene, Arabidopsis thaliana heat shock protein-related (Athspr), was cloned from Arabidopsis ecotype C24. Strong GUS (Î²-glucuronidase) staining in the original promoter trap line was found in the vascular tissues of all organs in the mutant. The Athspr promoter was cloned and fused with GUS and eGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein) reporter genes to verify its vascular-specific expression in Arabidopsis. Further histochemical analysis in transgenic plants demonstrated a similar GUS expression pattern in the vascular tissues. In addition, ATHSPR-eGFP driven by Athspr promoter was observed in vascular bundles of the transgenic seedling roots. Finally, comparative analysis with promoter motifs from 37 genes involved in vascular development revealed that Athspr and all other promoters active in vascular tissues contained regulatory elements responding to phytohormones, light, biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as those regulating tissue-specific expression. These results demonstrated that the Athspr promoter has a vascular tissue-specific activity and Athspr may have multiple functions in vascular development and resistance against various stresses.
Keywords	Arabidopsis thaliana ; beta-glucuronidase ; cambium ; ecotypes ; gene expression ; green fluorescent protein ; heat stress ; mutants ; nutrient transport ; phloem ; plant hormones ; regulatory sequences ; reporter genes ; roots ; seedlings ; staining ; transfer DNA ; transgenic plants ; vascular bundles ; water supply ; xylem
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-05
Size	p. 88-96.
Publishing place	Elsevier Masson SAS
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	742978-2
ISSN	1873-2690 ; 0981-9428
ISSN (online)	1873-2690
ISSN	0981-9428
DOI	10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.02.019
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Relationship between oxalic acid and the metabolism of ß-N-oxalyl-α,ß-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP) in grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.)

DAWEI, ZHANG / GENGMEI, XING / HUI, XU / ZEYI, YAN / CHONGYING, WANG / YAFU, WANG / ZHIXIAO, LI

Israel journal of plant sciences

Volume v. 53,, Issue no. 2

Abstract: Lathyrus sativus L., a member of the annual Leguminosae family, is not only resis-tant to drought and cold, but also to many plant diseases, insect pests, and barren-ness. Moreover, it is highly nutritive and hence an ideal forage crop. However, the ... ...

Abstract	Lathyrus sativus L., a member of the annual Leguminosae family, is not only resis-tant to drought and cold, but also to many plant diseases, insect pests, and barren-ness. Moreover, it is highly nutritive and hence an ideal forage crop. However, the seeds of Lathyrus sativus contain ß-N-oxalyl-α,ß-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP), the main element causing lathyrism. Previous studies indicated that ODAP could form from the oxalylation of L-α,ß-diaminopropionic acid (DAPA), while DAPA synthesis needed the participation of oxalyl-Co-A resulting from the combination of oxalic acid and Co-A; i.e., oxalic acid is one of the precursors of ODAP biosyn-thesis. Glycolate oxidase (GO), generally existing in the leaves of the C3 plant, can catalyze not only the transformation of glycolic acid to glyoxalic acid, but also that of glyoxalic acid to oxalic acid. This study investigated the relationship between the change of oxalic acid and the accumulation of ODAP in different organs at different development stages of grass pea treated with exogenous oxalic acid, butyl hydroxy-butynoate (BHB, inhibitor of GO synthesis), and under water stress; evaluated the relationship between the adversity and the accumulation of oxalic acid and ODAP; and provided a new strategy for selecting grass pea with environment-tolerance and low toxicity.
Keywords	Lathyrus sativus ; oxalic acid ; C3 plants ; glycolic acid ; metabolism ; developmental stages ; leaves ; drought ; water stress ; plant diseases and disorders ; toxicity ; cold ; (S)-2-hydroxy-acid oxidase ; seeds ; insect pests ; forage crops
Language	English
Document type	Article
ISSN	0792-9978
Database	AGRIS - International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology

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