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Article ; Online: Depression is associated with higher body image concerns in cancer patients with either visible or non-visible tumors: Findings from a psychiatric oncology clinic.

Chopra, Deepti / Lacourt, Tamara

2021 Volume 71, Page(s) 130–131

MeSH term(s)	Anxiety ; Body Image ; Depression/epidemiology ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Stress, Psychological
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	392299-6
ISSN	1873-7714 ; 0163-8343
ISSN (online)	1873-7714
ISSN	0163-8343
DOI	10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2021.03.003
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Article ; Online: Tattoo inks are toxicological risks to human health: A systematic review of their ingredients, fate inside skin, toxicity due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, primary aromatic amines, metals, and overview of regulatory frameworks.

Negi, Sandeep / Bala, Lakshmi / Shukla, Saumya / Chopra, Deepti

Toxicology and industrial health

2022 Volume 38, Issue 7, Page(s) 417–434

Abstract: Today, tattooing has become very popular among people all over the world. Tattooists, with the help of tiny needles, place tattoo ink inside the skin surface and unintentionally introduce a large number of unknown ingredients. These ingredients include ... ...

Abstract	Today, tattooing has become very popular among people all over the world. Tattooists, with the help of tiny needles, place tattoo ink inside the skin surface and unintentionally introduce a large number of unknown ingredients. These ingredients include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals, and primary aromatic amines (PAAs), which are either unintentionally introduced along with the ink or produced inside the skin by different types of processes for example cleavage, metabolism and photodecomposition. These could pose toxicological risks to human health, if present beyond permissible limits. PAH such as Benzo(a)pyrene is present in carbon black ink. PAAs could be formed inside the skin as a result of reductive cleavage of organic azo dyes. They are reported to be highly carcinogenic by environmental protection agencies. Heavy metals, namely, cadmium, lead, mercury, antimony, beryllium, and arsenic are responsible for cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, lungs, kidneys, liver, endocrine, and bone diseases. Mercury, cobalt sulphate, other soluble cobalt salts, and carbon black are in Group 2B, which means they may cause cancer in humans. Cadmium and compounds of cadmium, on the other hand, are in Group 1 (carcinogenic to humans). The present article addresses the various ingredients of tattoo inks, their metabolic fate inside human skin and unintentionally added impurities that could pose toxicological risk to human health. Public awareness and regulations that are warranted to be implemented globally for improving the safety of tattooing.
MeSH term(s)	Amines/toxicity ; Cadmium ; Carcinogens/toxicity ; Humans ; Ink ; Mercury ; Metals ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/toxicity ; Soot ; Tattooing/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Amines ; Carcinogens ; Metals ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; Soot ; Cadmium (00BH33GNGH) ; Mercury (FXS1BY2PGL)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	56831-4
ISSN	1477-0393 ; 0748-2337
ISSN (online)	1477-0393
ISSN	0748-2337
DOI	10.1177/07482337221100870
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Zs.A 2268: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Body image: Integral aspect of psychosocial evaluation for patients undergoing breast reconstruction.

Chopra, Deepti / Robb, Geoffrey

The breast journal

2020 Volume 26, Issue 10, Page(s) 1929–1930

MeSH term(s)	Body Image ; Breast Neoplasms/surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; Mastectomy ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1289960-4
ISSN	1524-4741 ; 1075-122X
ISSN (online)	1524-4741
ISSN	1075-122X
DOI	10.1111/tbj.14051
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Zs.A 4483: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Adverse Drug Reactions in Corona Virus Disease Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit: An Observational Study.

Nazir, Nazia / Chopra, Deepti / Bhandari, Bharti / Sidhu, Jaspreet Kaur

Current drug safety

2022 Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) 202–206

Abstract: Background: Occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in COVID-19 patients has not been extensively studied.: Aim: The present study was conducted to analyze the pattern of suspected ADRs in the COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit (ICU).: Methods: In ... ...

Abstract	Background: Occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in COVID-19 patients has not been extensively studied. Aim: The present study was conducted to analyze the pattern of suspected ADRs in the COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all the individual case study reports of patients admitted to the COVID ICU (August-October 2020) were analyzed for type of ADRs, system involved, suspected drug, onset time, time to revert and management. Results: Thirty six patients (out of 395 patients admitted) experienced 44 ADRs. Dermatological manifestations were the most frequent ADRs. Remdesivir was the most common drug associated with ADRs. The female gender, polypharmacy (>5 drugs) and presence of comorbidities were the independent risk factors for the occurrence of ADRs. Conclusion: Use of many of these drugs in COVID-19 is experimental and the literature does not guarantee their safety and efficacy. During these times of uncertainty, the results from the present study reinforce the importance of monitoring patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; COVID-19 ; Hospitalization ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/diagnosis ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology ; Intensive Care Units
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-23
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2250840-5
ISSN	2212-3911 ; 1574-8863
ISSN (online)	2212-3911
ISSN	1574-8863
DOI	10.2174/1574886317666220513095618
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Article ; Online: Jigsaw Classroom: Perceptions of Students and Teachers.

Chopra, Deepti / Kwatra, Gagandeep / Bhandari, Bharti / Sidhu, Jaspreet K / Rai, Jayant / Tripathi, C D

Medical science educator

2023 Volume 33, Issue 4, Page(s) 853–859

Abstract: Background: Various innovative teaching methods have been designed in an attempt to provide millennial students an interactive and stimulating learning environment. A jigsaw method is one such form of cooperative learning that enables students to ... ...

Abstract	Background: Various innovative teaching methods have been designed in an attempt to provide millennial students an interactive and stimulating learning environment. A jigsaw method is one such form of cooperative learning that enables students to develop critical-thinking and ability for effective communication and promotes positive student attitudes toward their own learning. The present study was thus undertaken to introduce a jigsaw-based cooperative learning method and to understand the perception of the students and faculty. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among second year MBBS students. Students were randomly divided into 10 parent groups, with 10 students each. The topic was divided into 10 subtopics. Each student in the parent group was allotted a sub-topic. The students who were given the same sub-topic assembled to form an expert group. They interacted and discussed the subtopic. Students finally returned to their parent groups for peer teaching and presentation. A validated questionnaire was used to gather students and faculty feedback. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze responses to the Likert scale questions. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The present study included 95 s year MBBS students. Majority (81%) students agreed that this teaching learning method enhanced their communication skills. Seventy-five percent of the students agreed that the activity helped in overcoming shyness and hesitation in the class. Overall the faculty also agreed that the jigsaw method was helpful for the students. Conclusions: Cooperative learning like jigsaw facilitates learning allowing student-student discussion, improving communication and teaching skills.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2156-8650
ISSN (online)	2156-8650
DOI	10.1007/s40670-023-01805-z
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Article ; Online: Involvement of type-1 pathway in phototoxicity of benzo[ghi]perylenean ingredient of tattoo ink at ambient exposure of UVR and sunlight

Negi, Sandeep / Chopra, Deepti / Shukla, Saumya / Vikram, Apeksha / Patel, Sunil Kumar / Lakṣmi Pālā / Dwivedi, Ashish / Ray, Ratan Singh

Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology, B: Biology. 2023 July, v. 244 p.112700-

2023

Abstract: Tattooing on different parts of the body is a very common fashion trend in all sections of society globally. Skin allergies and other related skin diseases are very common among tattoo users. Benzo[ghi]perylene (BP) is a PAH and an important component of ...

Abstract	Tattooing on different parts of the body is a very common fashion trend in all sections of society globally. Skin allergies and other related skin diseases are very common among tattoo users. Benzo[ghi]perylene (BP) is a PAH and an important component of tattoo ink that showed prominent absorption under ultraviolet radiation (UVR) region. Therefore, to provide safety to the skin, a thorough safety study of BP exposed under UVR and Sunlight is very essential to understand their hazardous impact on the skin. BP showed a strong absorption of UVA and UVB radiation of sunlight. It is photolabile and degraded under UVA, UVB, and Sunlight in progressing order of time (1-4 h) without generating any novel photoproducts. Further, BP showed a specific generation of O₂.⁻ and OH radicals via activation of type I photodynamic reaction under exposure to UVA, UVB and Sunlight. Photocytotoxicity results illustrated concentration-dependent cell viability reduction in all exposure conditions of UVA, UVB, and Sunlight, respectively. Fluorescent probes (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate and dihydroethidium) for intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation supported the involvement of ROS in the phototoxicity of BP in the HaCaT cell line. Hoechst staining showed significant genomic insult induced by BP under UVA and UVB. Photoexcited BP promoted cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and induced apoptosis confirmed via acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. The findings of gene expression also supported apoptotic cell death in photoexcited BP via an increase in the level of pro-apoptotic gene (Bax) and a decrease in the level of anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl-2). The aforementioned finding indicates that tattoo users should avoid using BP since it can cause skin damage/diseases if they are exposed to UVR or Sunlight while tattooing on the body.
Keywords	absorption ; acridine orange ; apoptosis ; cell cycle checkpoints ; cell lines ; cell viability ; dihydroethidium ; fluorescence ; gene expression ; genes ; genomics ; ingredients ; interphase ; photobiology ; photochemistry ; phototoxicity ; reactive oxygen species ; ultraviolet radiation ; Benzo[ghi]perylene ; Photodegradation ; Keratinocytes ; Superoxide anion radical
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-07
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	623022-2
ISSN	1873-2682 ; 1011-1344
ISSN (online)	1873-2682
ISSN	1011-1344
DOI	10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112700
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Zs.A 2347: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Entropy Churn Metrics for Fault Prediction in Software Systems.

Kaur, Arvinder / Chopra, Deepti

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)

2018 Volume 20, Issue 12

Abstract: Fault prediction is an important research area that aids software development and the maintenance process. It is a field that has been continuously improving its approaches in order to reduce the fault resolution time and effort. With an aim to ... ...

Abstract	Fault prediction is an important research area that aids software development and the maintenance process. It is a field that has been continuously improving its approaches in order to reduce the fault resolution time and effort. With an aim to contribute towards building new approaches for fault prediction, this paper proposes Entropy Churn Metrics (ECM) based on History Complexity Metrics (HCM) and Churn of Source Code Metrics (CHU). The study also compares performance of ECM with that of HCM. The performance of both these metrics is compared for 14 subsystems of 5different software projects: Android, Eclipse, Apache Http Server, Eclipse C/C++ Development Tooling (CDT), and Mozilla Firefox. The study also analyses the software subsystems on three parameters: (i) distribution of faults, (ii) subsystem size, and (iii) programming language, to determine which characteristics of software systems make HCM or ECM more preferred over others.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2014734-X
ISSN	1099-4300 ; 1099-4300
ISSN (online)	1099-4300
ISSN	1099-4300
DOI	10.3390/e20120963
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Article ; Online: Sofosbuvir: Really Meets the Unmet Needs for Hepatitis C Treatment?

Chopra, Deepti / Bhandari, Bharti

Infectious disorders drug targets

2018 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 2–15

Abstract: Chronic hepatitis C remains a major public health concern with a prevalence of more than 1% worldwide. Of late, with the discovery of newer drugs, chronic HCV treatment has touched new dimensions. The treatment has progressed from Interferons to ... ...

Abstract	Chronic hepatitis C remains a major public health concern with a prevalence of more than 1% worldwide. Of late, with the discovery of newer drugs, chronic HCV treatment has touched new dimensions. The treatment has progressed from Interferons to Pegylated interferon (Peg IFN) based therapy, with or without ribavirin to treatment with orally active Direct Acting Antivirals (DAA) with Peg IFN and ribavirin and eventually to various combinations of DAA, without IFN. Introduction of newer DAAs has transfigured the treatment of chronic HCV. Chronic HCV patients with advanced liver disease, psychiatric condition, anemia or autoimmune diseases, not eligible for Peg IFN based therapy have a ray of hope now. Amongst all DAAs, nucleoside inhibitors have been the most promising agent. Thus the present review focuses on Sofosbuvir, one of the most effective nucleoside inhibitors; in terms of potency, resistance profile, activity against all genotypes of HCV and adverse effects. FDA approved Sofobuvir for clinical use in 2013. Chemically, it is 2'-deoxy-2'-α-fluoro-β-Cmethyluridine- 5'-triphosphate; a phosphoramidate prodrug that is activated by enzyme present in human liver. It is a highly potent inhibitor of HCV NS5B polymerase. Efficacy of the Sofosbuvir has been established in various phase 2 and phase 3 clinical trials like PROTON, ELECTRON, FUSION, POSITRON etc. Sofosbuvir has a good safety profile with few mild to moderate adverse effects. Evidence reveals that sofosbuvir has substantial impact on the treatment of HCV.
MeSH term(s)	Administration, Oral ; Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage ; Antiviral Agents/adverse effects ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic ; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy ; Humans ; Sofosbuvir/administration & dosage ; Sofosbuvir/adverse effects ; Sofosbuvir/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Sofosbuvir (WJ6CA3ZU8B)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-08
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2234298-9
ISSN	2212-3989 ; 1871-5265
ISSN (online)	2212-3989
ISSN	1871-5265
DOI	10.2174/1871526518666180816101124
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Article: Role of

Dwivedi, Shridhar / Chopra, Deepti / Bhandari, Bharti

Ayu

2020 Volume 40, Issue 2, Page(s) 104–108

Abstract: Background and objectives: Terminalia: Materials and methods: During the study period, a total of 35 patients of chronic CAD were enrolled to receive : Results: The mean age of patients in test and control groups was 60.88 ± 9.02 and 58.51 ± 12.64 ...

Abstract	Background and objectives: Terminalia Materials and methods: During the study period, a total of 35 patients of chronic CAD were enrolled to receive Results: The mean age of patients in test and control groups was 60.88 ± 9.02 and 58.51 ± 12.64 years, respectively. There was a predominance of male patients in both the groups. The patients were observed for duration ranging from 9 months to 4 years and 9 months. Other than baring gastritis and constipation, no other noteworthy adverse effects were reported. No significant difference was found in laboratory value on baseline and end of therapy in both the groups. Conclusion: The results of the present study concluded that
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-20
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0974-8520
ISSN	0974-8520
DOI	10.4103/ayu.AYU_114_18
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Article ; Online: Thiamine deficiency in the outpatient psychiatric oncology setting: A case series.

Zhang, Rose / Tummala, Sudhakar / Chopra, Deepti

Palliative & supportive care

2020 Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) 609–613

Abstract: Objective: B vitamins are essential for the functioning of the nervous system. Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency is associated with neuropsychiatric syndromes such as Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), which, if untreated, has an estimated mortality of 17- ... ...

Abstract	Objective: B vitamins are essential for the functioning of the nervous system. Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency is associated with neuropsychiatric syndromes such as Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), which, if untreated, has an estimated mortality of 17-20%. Although the prevalence of thiamine deficiency in the general population is difficult to estimate, it is being increasingly recognized in oncology, especially in the inpatient setting. We describe three cases of thiamine deficiency (TD) in the outpatient psychiatric oncology setting. Method: Retrospective chart review of three adult patients, who were seen in the psychiatric oncology clinic and found to have TD on laboratory testing, was done. Patient, disease, and thiamine treatment-related information were obtained, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The average age was 59 years, mean body mass index (BMI) was 22.00 ± 4.58 (mean ± SD), and mean thiamine level was 59.10 ± 7.69 that ranged from 45 to 68 nmol/L (normal thiamine level reference: 70-180 nmol/L). None of the patients had brain imaging nor cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Risk factors such as unbalanced nutrition, prior GI surgery, renal disease, and chemotherapy were noted. Significance of results: TD can have a multifactorial etiology in oncology. Identification of TD in both inpatient and outpatient setting is important. Our report highlights how early identification of TD in the outpatient setting can help prevent further clinical progression.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Ambulatory Care Facilities/organization & administration ; Ambulatory Care Facilities/statistics & numerical data ; Body Mass Index ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Oncology/methods ; Medical Oncology/statistics & numerical data ; Mental Disorders/psychology ; Mental Disorders/therapy ; Mental Health Services/statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Outpatients/statistics & numerical data ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Thiamine Deficiency/complications ; Thiamine Deficiency/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2454009-2
ISSN	1478-9523 ; 1478-9515
ISSN (online)	1478-9523
ISSN	1478-9515
DOI	10.1017/S1478951520000978
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