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  1. Article ; Online: Multi-Slice Dense-Sparse Learning for Efficient Liver and Tumor Segmentation.

    Zhao, Ziyuan / Ma, Zeyu / Liu, Yanjie / Zeng, Zeng / Chow, Pierce Kh

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

    2021  Volume 2021, Page(s) 3582–3585

    Abstract: Accurate automatic liver and tumor segmentation plays a vital role in treatment planning and disease monitoring. Recently, deep convolutional neural network (DCNNs) has obtained tremendous success in 2D and 3D medical image segmentation. However, 2D ... ...

    Abstract Accurate automatic liver and tumor segmentation plays a vital role in treatment planning and disease monitoring. Recently, deep convolutional neural network (DCNNs) has obtained tremendous success in 2D and 3D medical image segmentation. However, 2D DCNNs cannot fully leverage the inter-slice information, while 3D DCNNs are computationally expensive and memory intensive. To address these issues, we first propose a novel dense-sparse training flow from a data perspective, in which, densely adjacent slices and sparsely adjacent slices are extracted as inputs for regularizing DCNNs, thereby improving the model performance. Moreover, we design a 2.5D light-weight nnU-Net from a network perspective, in which, depthwise separable convolutions are adopted to improve the efficiency. Extensive experiments on the LiTS dataset have demonstrated the superiority of the proposed method.Clinical relevance- The proposed method can effectively segment livers and tumors from CT scans with low complexity, which can be easily implemented into clinical practice.
    MeSH term(s) Abdomen ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Liver/diagnostic imaging ; Neoplasms ; Neural Networks, Computer
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2694-0604
    ISSN (online) 2694-0604
    DOI 10.1109/EMBC46164.2021.9629698
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: CoIn: Correlation Induced Clustering for Cognition of High Dimensional Bioinformatics Data.

    Zeng, Zeng / Zhao, Ziyuan / Xu, Kaixin / Li, Yangfan / Chen, Cen / Zou, Xiaofeng / Wang, Yulan / Wei, Wei / Chow, Pierce Kh / Li, Xiaoli

    IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics

    2023  Volume 27, Issue 2, Page(s) 598–607

    Abstract: Analysis of high dimensional biomedical data such as microarray gene expression data and mass spectrometry images, is crucial to provide better medical services including cancer subtyping, protein homology detection, etc. Clustering is a fundamental ... ...

    Abstract Analysis of high dimensional biomedical data such as microarray gene expression data and mass spectrometry images, is crucial to provide better medical services including cancer subtyping, protein homology detection, etc. Clustering is a fundamental cognitive task which aims to group unlabeled data into multiple clusters based on their intrinsic similarities. However, for most clustering methods, including the most widely used K-means algorithm, all features of the high dimensional data are considered equally in relevance, which distorts the performance when clustering high-dimensional data where there exist many redundant variables and correlated variables. In this paper, we aim at addressing the problem of the high dimensional bioinformatics data clustering and propose a new correlation induced clustering, CoIn, to capture complex correlations among high dimensional data and guarantee the correlation consistency within each cluster. We evaluate the proposed method on a high dimensional mass spectrometry dataset of liver cancer tumor to explore the metabolic differences on tissues and discover the intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH). By comparing the results of baselines and ours, it has been found that our method produces more explainable and understandable results for clinical analysis, which demonstrates the proposed clustering paradigm has the potential with application to knowledge discovery in high dimensional bioinformatics data.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Algorithms ; Computational Biology/methods ; Cluster Analysis ; Liver Neoplasms ; Cognition
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2695320-1
    ISSN 2168-2208 ; 2168-2194
    ISSN (online) 2168-2208
    ISSN 2168-2194
    DOI 10.1109/JBHI.2022.3179265
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The SIRveNIB and SARAH trials and the role of SIR-Spheres® Y-90 resin microspheres in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma.

    Chow, Pierce Kh / Gandhi, Mihir / Gebski, Val

    Future oncology (London, England)

    2017  Volume 13, Issue 25, Page(s) 2213–2216

    MeSH term(s) Brachytherapy/methods ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Disease Management ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology ; Liver Neoplasms/therapy ; Microspheres ; Multicenter Studies as Topic ; Neoplasm Staging ; Niacinamide/administration & dosage ; Niacinamide/analogs & derivatives ; Phenylurea Compounds/administration & dosage ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage ; Sorafenib ; Treatment Outcome ; Yttrium Radioisotopes/administration & dosage
    Chemical Substances Phenylurea Compounds ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Yttrium Radioisotopes ; Yttrium-90 (1K8M7UR6O1) ; Niacinamide (25X51I8RD4) ; Sorafenib (9ZOQ3TZI87)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2184533-5
    ISSN 1744-8301 ; 1479-6694
    ISSN (online) 1744-8301
    ISSN 1479-6694
    DOI 10.2217/fon-2017-0395
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Book ; Online: Multi-Slice Dense-Sparse Learning for Efficient Liver and Tumor Segmentation

    Zhao, Ziyuan / Ma, Zeyu / Liu, Yanjie / Zeng, Zeng / Chow, Pierce KH

    2021  

    Abstract: Accurate automatic liver and tumor segmentation plays a vital role in treatment planning and disease monitoring. Recently, deep convolutional neural network (DCNNs) has obtained tremendous success in 2D and 3D medical image segmentation. However, 2D ... ...

    Abstract Accurate automatic liver and tumor segmentation plays a vital role in treatment planning and disease monitoring. Recently, deep convolutional neural network (DCNNs) has obtained tremendous success in 2D and 3D medical image segmentation. However, 2D DCNNs cannot fully leverage the inter-slice information, while 3D DCNNs are computationally expensive and memory intensive. To address these issues, we first propose a novel dense-sparse training flow from a data perspective, in which, densely adjacent slices and sparsely adjacent slices are extracted as inputs for regularizing DCNNs, thereby improving the model performance. Moreover, we design a 2.5D light-weight nnU-Net from a network perspective, in which, depthwise separable convolutions are adopted to improve the efficiency. Extensive experiments on the LiTS dataset have demonstrated the superiority of the proposed method.

    Comment: Accepted in 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE EMBC 2021
    Keywords Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2021-08-15
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: The Use of Bilayered Fascia Lata With an Interpositional Omental Flap for Autologous Repair of Contaminated Abdominal Fascial Defects.

    Fong, Hui Chai / Tan, Bien-Keem / Chow, Pierce Kh / Ong, Hock Soo

    Annals of plastic surgery

    2017  Volume 79, Issue 5, Page(s) 486–489

    Abstract: Introduction: Contaminated abdominal fascial defects, such as those seen in enterocutaneous fistula, or wound dehiscence with mesh exposure, are a significant source of morbidity and present unique reconstructive challenges. We present our technique of ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Contaminated abdominal fascial defects, such as those seen in enterocutaneous fistula, or wound dehiscence with mesh exposure, are a significant source of morbidity and present unique reconstructive challenges. We present our technique of using the fascia lata, augmented with an interpositional omental flap, for complete autologous reconstruction of contaminated fascial defects, and the postoperative results of 3 cases.
    Methods: Three patients with contaminated abdominal defects underwent wound debridement/fistula resection and immediate reconstruction with fascia lata and omentum flap. Defect size ranged from 15 × 8 cm (120 cm) to 25 × 12 cm (300 cm). The fascia lata graft was inset using an underlay technique, and the omentum was tunneled through a subcostal slit in the semilunar line to augment the vascularity of the subcutaneous plane and protect the graft. Skin coverage was achieved by undermining and direct closure or local myocutaneous flaps.
    Results: Three patients underwent abdominal wall reconstruction with our technique. The median follow-up was 12 months. There were no recurrent infections, fistulae, or herniae. All patients experienced full functional recovery with return to independent activities of daily living by 6 months postoperatively.
    Conclusions: Since the use of synthetic material is contraindicated in contaminated abdominal fascial defects. We propose that our combination of fascia lata and an interpositional omental flap is a useful technique for the reconstruction of these challenging defects.
    MeSH term(s) Abdominal Wall/diagnostic imaging ; Abdominal Wall/physiopathology ; Abdominal Wall/surgery ; Fascia Lata/surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graft Survival ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Omentum/surgery ; Omentum/transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures/methods ; Risk Assessment ; Sampling Studies ; Surgical Flaps/blood supply ; Surgical Flaps/transplantation ; Surgical Wound Infection/diagnostic imaging ; Surgical Wound Infection/surgery ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome ; Wound Healing/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 423835-7
    ISSN 1536-3708 ; 0148-7043
    ISSN (online) 1536-3708
    ISSN 0148-7043
    DOI 10.1097/SAP.0000000000001192
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Rational drug combination design in patient-derived avatars reveals effective inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma with proteasome and CDK inhibitors.

    Lim, Jhin Jieh / Hooi, Lissa / Dan, Yock Young / Bonney, Glenn K / Zhou, Lei / Chow, Pierce K-H / Chee, Cheng Ean / Toh, Tan Boon / Chow, Edward K-H

    Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR

    2022  Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) 249

    Abstract: Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains difficult to treat due to limited effective treatment options. While the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has shown promising preclinical activity in HCC, clinical trials of bortezomib showed no ... ...

    Abstract Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains difficult to treat due to limited effective treatment options. While the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has shown promising preclinical activity in HCC, clinical trials of bortezomib showed no advantage over the standard-of-care treatment sorafenib, highlighting the need for more clinically relevant therapeutic strategies. Here, we propose that rational drug combination design and validation in patient-derived HCC avatar models such as patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and organoids can improve proteasome inhibitor-based therapeutic efficacy and clinical potential.
    Methods: HCC PDXs and the corresponding PDX-derived organoids (PDXOs) were generated from primary patient samples for drug screening and efficacy studies. To identify effective proteasome inhibitor-based drug combinations, we applied a hybrid experimental-computational approach, Quadratic Phenotypic Optimization Platform (QPOP) on a pool of nine drugs comprising proteasome inhibitors, kinase inhibitors and chemotherapy agents. QPOP utilizes small experimental drug response datasets to accurately identify globally optimal drug combinations.
    Results: Preliminary drug screening highlighted the increased susceptibility of HCC PDXOs towards proteasome inhibitors. Through QPOP, the combination of second-generation proteasome inhibitor ixazomib (Ixa) and CDK inhibitor dinaciclib (Dina) was identified to be effective against HCC. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the synergistic pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative activity of Ixa + Dina against HCC PDXs and PDXOs. Furthermore, Ixa + Dina outperformed sorafenib in mitigating tumor formation in mice. Mechanistically, increased activation of JNK signaling mediates the combined anti-tumor effects of Ixa + Dina in HCC tumor cells.
    Conclusions: Rational drug combination design in patient-derived avatars highlights the therapeutic potential of proteasome and CDK inhibitors and represents a feasible approach towards developing more clinically relevant treatment strategies for HCC.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Bortezomib/pharmacology ; Bortezomib/therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Combinations ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology ; Mice ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ; Proteasome Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Sorafenib/therapeutic use ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Drug Combinations ; Proteasome Inhibitors ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Bortezomib (69G8BD63PP) ; Sorafenib (9ZOQ3TZI87) ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex (EC 3.4.25.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 803138-1
    ISSN 1756-9966 ; 0392-9078
    ISSN (online) 1756-9966
    ISSN 0392-9078
    DOI 10.1186/s13046-022-02436-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Clinical consensus statement: Selective internal radiation therapy with yttrium 90 resin microspheres for hepatocellular carcinoma in Asia.

    Liu, David M / Leung, Thomas Wt / Chow, Pierce Kh / Ng, David Ce / Lee, Rheun-Chuan / Kim, Yun Hwan / Mao, Yilei / Cheng, Yu-Fan / Teng, Gao-Jun / Lau, Wan Yee

    International journal of surgery (London, England)

    2022  Volume 102, Page(s) 106094

    Abstract: Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is subject to different management approaches and guidelines according to Eastern and Western therapeutic algorithms. Use of selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) with resin yttrium 90 microspheres for ... ...

    Abstract Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is subject to different management approaches and guidelines according to Eastern and Western therapeutic algorithms. Use of selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) with resin yttrium 90 microspheres for HCC has increased in Asia in recent years, without clearly defined indications for its optimal application. The objective of this systematic review and expert consensus statement is to provide guidance and perspectives on the use of SIRT among patients with HCC in Asia.
    Materials and methods: A systematic literature review identified current publications on HCC management and SIRT recommendations. A group of 10 experts, representing stakeholder specialties and countries, convened between August 2020 and March 2021 and implemented a modified Delphi consensus approach to develop guidelines and indications for use of SIRT for HCC in Asia. Final recommendations were organized and adjudicated based on the level of evidence and strength of recommendation, per approaches outlined by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine.
    Results: The experts acknowledged a general lack of evidence relating to use of SIRT in Asia and identified as an unmet need the lack of phase 3 randomized trials comparing clinical outcomes and survival following SIRT versus other therapies for HCC. Through an iterative process, the expert group explored areas of clinical relevance and generated 31 guidance statements and a patient management algorithm that achieved consensus.
    Conclusion: These recommendations aim to support clinicians in their decision-making and to help them identify and treat patients with HCC using SIRT in Asia. The recommendations also highlight areas in which further clinical trials are needed to define the role of SIRT in management of HCC among Asian populations.
    MeSH term(s) Brachytherapy ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology ; Microspheres ; Sirtuins/therapeutic use ; Yttrium Radioisotopes/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Yttrium Radioisotopes ; Sirtuins (EC 3.5.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2212038-5
    ISSN 1743-9159 ; 1743-9191
    ISSN (online) 1743-9159
    ISSN 1743-9191
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.106094
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Multi-Instance Multi-Label Learning for Gene Mutation Prediction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

    Xu, Kaixin / Zhao, Ziyuan / Gu, Jiapan / Zeng, Zeng / Ying, Chan Wan / Choon, Lim Kheng / Hua, Thng Choon / Chow, Pierce Kh

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

    2020  Volume 2020, Page(s) 6095–6098

    Abstract: Gene mutation prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is of great diagnostic and prognostic value for personalized treatments and precision medicine. In this paper, we tackle this problem with multi-instance multi-label learning to address the ... ...

    Abstract Gene mutation prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is of great diagnostic and prognostic value for personalized treatments and precision medicine. In this paper, we tackle this problem with multi-instance multi-label learning to address the difficulties on label correlations, label representations, etc. Furthermore, an effective oversampling strategy is applied for data imbalance. Experimental results have shown the superiority of the proposed approach.
    MeSH term(s) Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/genetics ; Machine Learning ; Mutation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2694-0604
    ISSN (online) 2694-0604
    DOI 10.1109/EMBC44109.2020.9175293
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Book ; Online: Multi-Instance Multi-Label Learning for Gene Mutation Prediction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

    Xu, Kaixin / Zhao, Ziyuan / Gu, Jiapan / Zeng, Zeng / Ying, Chan Wan / Choon, Lim Kheng / Hua, Thng Choon / Chow, Pierce KH

    2020  

    Abstract: Gene mutation prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is of great diagnostic and prognostic value for personalized treatments and precision medicine. In this paper, we tackle this problem with multi-instance multi-label learning to address the ... ...

    Abstract Gene mutation prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is of great diagnostic and prognostic value for personalized treatments and precision medicine. In this paper, we tackle this problem with multi-instance multi-label learning to address the difficulties on label correlations, label representations, etc. Furthermore, an effective oversampling strategy is applied for data imbalance. Experimental results have shown the superiority of the proposed approach.

    Comment: Accepted version to be published in the 42nd IEEE Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2020, Montreal, Canada
    Keywords Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Quantitative Biology - Genomics ; Statistics - Machine Learning
    Publishing date 2020-05-08
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Lipoma of the pancreas, a case report and a review of the literature.

    Lee, Ser Yee / Thng, Choon Hua / Chow, Pierce Kh

    World journal of radiology

    2011  Volume 3, Issue 10, Page(s) 246–248

    Abstract: Lipomas of the pancreas are very rare. There are fewer than 25 reported cases of lipoma originating from the pancreas. We present a case of pancreatic lipoma in a 61-year-old woman with magnetic resonance imaging findings and confirmatory histological ... ...

    Abstract Lipomas of the pancreas are very rare. There are fewer than 25 reported cases of lipoma originating from the pancreas. We present a case of pancreatic lipoma in a 61-year-old woman with magnetic resonance imaging findings and confirmatory histological findings. We discuss and highlight the radiological features distinguishing a pancreatic lipoma from other fatty lesions of the pancreas and pancreatic liposarcoma and provide a brief review of the literature.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-12-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2573705-3
    ISSN 1949-8470 ; 1949-8470
    ISSN (online) 1949-8470
    ISSN 1949-8470
    DOI 10.4329/wjr.v3.i10.246
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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