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  1. Article ; Online: Combining genomics and epidemiology to track mumps virus transmission in the United States.

    Shirlee Wohl / Hayden C Metsky / Stephen F Schaffner / Anne Piantadosi / Meagan Burns / Joseph A Lewnard / Bridget Chak / Lydia A Krasilnikova / Katherine J Siddle / Christian B Matranga / Bettina Bankamp / Scott Hennigan / Brandon Sabina / Elizabeth H Byrne / Rebecca J McNall / Rickey R Shah / James Qu / Daniel J Park / Soheyla Gharib /
    Susan Fitzgerald / Paul Barreira / Stephen Fleming / Susan Lett / Paul A Rota / Lawrence C Madoff / Nathan L Yozwiak / Bronwyn L MacInnis / Sandra Smole / Yonatan H Grad / Pardis C Sabeti

    PLoS Biology, Vol 18, Iss 2, p e

    2020  Volume 3000611

    Abstract: Unusually large outbreaks of mumps across the United States in 2016 and 2017 raised questions about the extent of mumps circulation and the relationship between these and prior outbreaks. We paired epidemiological data from public health investigations ... ...

    Abstract Unusually large outbreaks of mumps across the United States in 2016 and 2017 raised questions about the extent of mumps circulation and the relationship between these and prior outbreaks. We paired epidemiological data from public health investigations with analysis of mumps virus whole genome sequences from 201 infected individuals, focusing on Massachusetts university communities. Our analysis suggests continuous, undetected circulation of mumps locally and nationally, including multiple independent introductions into Massachusetts and into individual communities. Despite the presence of these multiple mumps virus lineages, the genomic data show that one lineage has dominated in the US since at least 2006. Widespread transmission was surprising given high vaccination rates, but we found no genetic evidence that variants arising during this outbreak contributed to vaccine escape. Viral genomic data allowed us to reconstruct mumps transmission links not evident from epidemiological data or standard single-gene surveillance efforts and also revealed connections between apparently unrelated mumps outbreaks.
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Capturing diverse microbial sequence with comprehensive and scalable probe design

    Hayden C. Metsky / Katherine J. Siddle / Adrianne Gladden-Young / James Qu / David K. Yang / Patrick Brehio / Andrew Goldfarb / Anne Piantadosi / Shirlee Wohl / Amber Carter / Aaron E. Lin / Kayla G. Barnes / Damien C. Tully / Björn Corleis / Scott Hennigan / Giselle Barbosa-Lima / Yasmine R. Vieira / Lauren M. Paul / Amanda L. Tan /
    Kimberly F. Garcia / Leda A. Parham / Ikponmwonsa Odia / Philomena Eromon / Onikepe A. Folarin / Augustine Goba / Etienne Simon-Lorière / Lisa Hensley / Angel Balmaseda / Eva Harris / Douglas Kwon / Todd M. Allen / Jonathan A. Runstadler / Sandra Smole / Fernando A. Bozza / Thiago M. L. Souza / Sharon Isern / Scott F. Michael / Ivette Lorenzana / Lee Gehrke / Irene Bosch / Gregory Ebel / Donald Grant / Christian Happi / Daniel J. Park / Andreas Gnirke / Pardis C. Sabeti / Christian B. Matranga

    Abstract: AbstractMetagenomic sequencing has the potential to transform microbial detection and characterization, but new tools are needed to improve its sensitivity. We developed CATCH (Compact Aggregation of Targets for Comprehensive Hybridization), a ... ...

    Abstract AbstractMetagenomic sequencing has the potential to transform microbial detection and characterization, but new tools are needed to improve its sensitivity. We developed CATCH (Compact Aggregation of Targets for Comprehensive Hybridization), a computational method to enhance nucleic acid capture for enrichment of diverse microbial taxa. CATCH designs compact probe sets that achieve full coverage of known sequence diversity and that scale well with this diversity. To illustrate applications of CATCH, we focused on capturing viral genomes. We designed, synthesized, and validated multiple probe sets, including one that targets whole genomes of the 356 viral species known to infect humans. Capture with these probe sets enriched unique viral content on average 18× and allowed us to assemble genomes that we could not otherwise recover, while accurately preserving within-sample diversity. We used this approach to recover genomes from the 2018 Lassa fever outbreak in Nigeria and to improve detection of viral infections in samples with unknown content. Together, this work demonstrates a path toward more sensitive, cost-effective metagenomic sequencing.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher biorxiv
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/279570
    Database COVID19

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  3. Article ; Online: Discovery of novel rhabdoviruses in the blood of healthy individuals from West Africa.

    Matthew H Stremlau / Kristian G Andersen / Onikepe A Folarin / Jessica N Grove / Ikponmwonsa Odia / Philomena E Ehiane / Omowunmi Omoniwa / Omigie Omoregie / Pan-Pan Jiang / Nathan L Yozwiak / Christian B Matranga / Xiao Yang / Stephen K Gire / Sarah Winnicki / Ridhi Tariyal / Stephen F Schaffner / Peter O Okokhere / Sylvanus Okogbenin / George O Akpede /
    Danny A Asogun / Dennis E Agbonlahor / Peter J Walker / Robert B Tesh / Joshua Z Levin / Robert F Garry / Pardis C Sabeti / Christian T Happi

    PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e

    2015  Volume 0003631

    Abstract: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has the potential to transform the discovery of viruses causing unexplained acute febrile illness (UAFI) because it does not depend on culturing the pathogen or a priori knowledge of the pathogen's nucleic acid sequence. ... ...

    Abstract Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has the potential to transform the discovery of viruses causing unexplained acute febrile illness (UAFI) because it does not depend on culturing the pathogen or a priori knowledge of the pathogen's nucleic acid sequence. More generally, it has the potential to elucidate the complete human virome, including viruses that cause no overt symptoms of disease, but may have unrecognized immunological or developmental consequences. We have used NGS to identify RNA viruses in the blood of 195 patients with UAFI and compared them with those found in 328 apparently healthy (i.e., no overt signs of illness) control individuals, all from communities in southeastern Nigeria. Among UAFI patients, we identified the presence of nucleic acids from several well-characterized pathogenic viruses, such as HIV-1, hepatitis, and Lassa virus. In our cohort of healthy individuals, however, we detected the nucleic acids of two novel rhabdoviruses. These viruses, which we call Ekpoma virus-1 (EKV-1) and Ekpoma virus-2 (EKV-2), are highly divergent, with little identity to each other or other known viruses. The most closely related rhabdoviruses are members of the genus Tibrovirus and Bas-Congo virus (BASV), which was recently identified in an individual with symptoms resembling hemorrhagic fever. Furthermore, by conducting a serosurvey of our study cohort, we find evidence for remarkably high exposure rates to the identified rhabdoviruses. The recent discoveries of novel rhabdoviruses by multiple research groups suggest that human infection with rhabdoviruses might be common. While the prevalence and clinical significance of these viruses are currently unknown, these viruses could have previously unrecognized impacts on human health; further research to understand the immunological and developmental impact of these viruses should be explored. More generally, the identification of similar novel viruses in individuals with and without overt symptoms of disease highlights the need for a broader understanding ...
    Keywords Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Genomic surveillance elucidates Ebola virus origin and transmission during the 2014 outbreak

    Gire, Stephen K / Abdul Azziz Jalloh / Adrianne D. Gladden / Alex Moigboi / Alice Kovoma / Andreas Gnirke / Andres Colubri / Andrew Rambaut / Augustine Goba / Bruce W. Birren / Chad Nusbaum / Cheryl Murphy / Christian B. Matranga / Christian Happi / Christine M. Malboeuf / Daniel J. Park / Donald S. Grant / Edwin Konuwa / Eric S. Lander /
    Fatima K. Kamara / Franklyn Kanneh / Gytis Dudas / Ibrahim Mustapha / James Bochicchio / James Koninga / James L. B. Massally / James Qu / John S. Scheiffelin / Josephine Sellu / Kandeh Kargbo / Kristian G. Andersen / Lansana Kanneh / Lina M. Moses / Mahan Nekoui / Mambu Momoh / Mbalu Fonnie / Michael Gbakie / Mohamed Fullah / Mohamed Yillah / Moinya Ruth Coomber / Momoh Foday / Nathan L. Yozwiak / Pan-Pan Jiang / Pardis C. Sabeti / Rachel S. G. Sealfon / Robert F. Garry / S. Humarr Khan / Sahr M. Gevao / Sarah Winnicki / Sarah Young / Shirlee Wohl / Sidiki Saffa / Simbirie Jalloh / Sinéad B. Chapman / Stephen F. Schaffner / Veronica Tucker / Willie Robert / Xiao Yang

    Science. 2014 Sept. 12, v. 345, no. 6202

    2014  

    Abstract: Evolution of Ebola virus over time The high rate of mortality in the current Ebola epidemic has made it difficult for researchers to collect samples of the virus and study its evolution. Gire et al. describe Ebola epidemiology on the basis of 99 whole- ... ...

    Abstract Evolution of Ebola virus over time The high rate of mortality in the current Ebola epidemic has made it difficult for researchers to collect samples of the virus and study its evolution. Gire et al. describe Ebola epidemiology on the basis of 99 whole-genome sequences, including samples from 78 affected individuals. The authors analyzed changes in the viral sequence and conclude that the current outbreak probably resulted from the spread of the virus from central Africa in the past decade. The outbreak started from a single transmission event from an unknown animal reservoir into the human population. Two viral lineages from Guinea then spread from person to person into Sierra Leone. Science , this issue p. 1369
    Keywords animals ; Ebolavirus ; epidemiology ; evolution ; human population ; monitoring ; mortality ; researchers ; viruses ; Central Africa ; Guinea ; Sierra Leone
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-0912
    Size p. 1369-1372.
    Publishing place American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.1259657
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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