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  1. Article ; Online: Global prevalence of early childhood dental fear and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Sun, Ivy Guofang / Chu, Chun Hung / Lo, Edward Chin Man / Duangthip, Duangporn

    Journal of dentistry

    2024  Volume 142, Page(s) 104841

    Abstract: Objective: The objective of this review is to determine the global prevalence of dental fear and anxiety (DFA) in early childhood and identify its related factors.: Methods: The systematic review utilized three common English-language databases ( ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The objective of this review is to determine the global prevalence of dental fear and anxiety (DFA) in early childhood and identify its related factors.
    Methods: The systematic review utilized three common English-language databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science). Two independent researchers performed a systematic search to include observational studies on young children published from 2000 to 2023. They extracted information on prevalence of DFA, assessment tools used, study sites, respondents, and children's dental visit experiences.
    Results: A total of 2,895 studies were identified, and 25 studies met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The pooled prevalence of DFA among 2- to 6- year-old children was estimated to be 30 % (95 % CI=25, 36). Children without dental visit experience (OR=1.37, 95 % CI=1.18, 1.59) and children with caries experiences (OR=1.18, 95 % CI=1.09, 1.27) had higher odds of experiencing DFA compared to those with dental visit experience or caries-free status. The most commonly used assessment tools in the included studies were the Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale (32 %, 8/25), Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (20 %, 5/25), and Dental Anxiety Question (20 %, 5/25).
    Conclusions: This systematic review reveals that approximately one-third of young children globally experience DFA. Children who lack dental visit experience or have caries experiences are at increased risk of DFA. Clinicians can use this information to make informed decisions regarding dental care provision for young children.
    Clinical significance: This study provides comprehensive information on the global prevalence of dental fear and anxiety and its associated factors in early childhood. The findings can assist clinicians in understanding and addressing DFA in their dental care approach for young children.
    Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42023446464).
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Anxiety Disorders ; Dental Anxiety/epidemiology ; Dental Caries/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Observational Studies as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 186068-9
    ISSN 1879-176X ; 0300-5712
    ISSN (online) 1879-176X
    ISSN 0300-5712
    DOI 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104841
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: A concise review of dental sealants in caries management.

    Ng, Toby Cheuk-Hang / Chu, Chun-Hung / Yu, Ollie Yiru

    Frontiers in oral health

    2023  Volume 4, Page(s) 1180405

    Abstract: This concise review provides an update of the use of dental sealants. Dental sealants protect a tooth from caries development by providing a physical barrier to microorganism colonisation and creating a favorable environment for patients to clean. Some ... ...

    Abstract This concise review provides an update of the use of dental sealants. Dental sealants protect a tooth from caries development by providing a physical barrier to microorganism colonisation and creating a favorable environment for patients to clean. Some sealants release fluoride ions to promote remineralization. Dental sealants can be applied on pits and fissures of primary and permanent teeth to prevent and arrest early enamel caries. They are effective in caries prevention. The preventive fraction of resin sealant is up to 61% after 5 years. Dental sealants can be classified as resin, glass ionomer and hybrid (compomer or giomer) according to the material. Recent studies from 2012 to 2022 showed resin sealant has a high retention rate of up to 80% after 2 years, whereas glass ionomer sealants is 44%. Chemical etching with 37% phosphoric acid is the standard of care, whereas laser or air-abrasion cannot does not increase the sealant retention rate. Moist control is critical and studies found the use of rubber dam and cotton rolls had similar success for sealant retention. The longevity of dental sealant is also associated with clinical operative factors, including approaches of moisture control, enamel pretreatment, selection of dental adhesive, and time of acid etching.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2673-4842
    ISSN (online) 2673-4842
    DOI 10.3389/froh.2023.1180405
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Dental Pulp Response to Silver-Containing Solutions: A Scoping Review.

    Zaeneldin, Ahmed / Chu, Chun-Hung / Yu, Ollie Yiru

    Dentistry journal

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 5

    Abstract: Dentists used silver-containing solutions for deep cavity disinfection before restoration. This review aims to identify the silver-containing solutions reported in the literature for deep cavity disinfection and summarize their effects on dental pulp. An ...

    Abstract Dentists used silver-containing solutions for deep cavity disinfection before restoration. This review aims to identify the silver-containing solutions reported in the literature for deep cavity disinfection and summarize their effects on dental pulp. An extensive search was performed using the search words "(silver) AND (dental pulp OR pulp)" in ProQuest, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science to identify English publications on silver-containing solutions for cavity conditioning. The pulpal response to the included silver-containing solutions was summarized. The initial search identified 4112 publications and 14 publications met the inclusion criteria. Silver fluoride, silver nitrate, silver diamine nitrate, silver diamine fluoride, and nano-silver fluoride were used in deep cavities for antimicrobial purposes. Indirect silver fluoride application induced pulp inflammation and reparative dentine in most cases, and pulp necrosis in some cases. Direct silver nitrate application caused blood clots and a wide inflammatory band in the pulp, whilst indirect silver nitrate application caused hypoplasia in shallow cavities and partial pulp necrosis in deep cavities. Direct silver diamine fluoride application induced pulp necrosis, while indirect silver diamine fluoride application induced a mild inflammatory response and reparative dentine formation. No evidence of the dental pulpal response to silver diamine nitrate or nano-silver fluoride was available in the literature.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2681351-8
    ISSN 2304-6767 ; 2304-6767
    ISSN (online) 2304-6767
    ISSN 2304-6767
    DOI 10.3390/dj11050114
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: A concise review of chewing gum as an anti-cariogenic agent.

    Yeung, Clara Yan-Yu / Chu, Chun-Hung / Yu, Ollie Yiru

    Frontiers in oral health

    2023  Volume 4, Page(s) 1213523

    Abstract: Chewing gum has been endorsed as a caries preventive agent by the FDI World Dental Federation, the American Dental Association, and the European Food Safety Authority. This review discusses the mechanism and provides an update of the use of chewing gum ... ...

    Abstract Chewing gum has been endorsed as a caries preventive agent by the FDI World Dental Federation, the American Dental Association, and the European Food Safety Authority. This review discusses the mechanism and provides an update of the use of chewing gum for caries prevention. Chewing gum typically consists of a water-insoluble gum base, water-soluble added ingredients, and active ingredients. It can be classified as sugar-containing or sugar-free, as well as nonmedicated or medicated. Chewing gum prevents dental caries through a range of mechanisms, including the clearance of the oral cavity, neutralization of oral acidity, inhibition of cariogenic bacterial growth, remineralization of enamel, and reduction of appetite. Recent clinical studies have evaluated the efficacy of sugar-free chewing gum for caries prevention, with most demonstrating positive results, although some studies have reported contradictory outcomes. To achieve optimal caries prevention, it is generally recommended that individuals chew sugar-free gum for five minutes after meals, three times daily.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2673-4842
    ISSN (online) 2673-4842
    DOI 10.3389/froh.2023.1213523
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Application of Zeolites and Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks in Dentistry-A Narrative Review.

    Li, Laura Jiaxuan / Chu, Chun-Hung / Yu, Ollie Yiru

    Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 22

    Abstract: Zeolites and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are crystalline aluminosilicates with porous structure, which are closely linked with nanomaterials. They are characterized by enhanced ion exchange capacity, physical-chemical stability, thermal ... ...

    Abstract Zeolites and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are crystalline aluminosilicates with porous structure, which are closely linked with nanomaterials. They are characterized by enhanced ion exchange capacity, physical-chemical stability, thermal stability and biocompatibility, making them a promising material for dental applications. This review aimed to provide an overview of the application of zeolites and ZIFs in dentistry. The common zeolite compounds for dental application include silver zeolite, zinc zeolite, calcium zeolite and strontium zeolite. The common ZIFs for dental application include ZIF-8 and ZIF-67. Zeolites and ZIFs have been employed in various areas of dentistry, such as restorative dentistry, endodontics, prosthodontics, implantology, periodontics, orthodontics and oral surgery. In restorative dentistry, zeolites and ZIFs are used as antimicrobial additives in dental adhesives and restorative materials. In endodontics, zeolites are used in root-end fillings, root canal irritants, root canal sealers and bone matrix scaffolds for peri-apical diseases. In prosthodontics, zeolites can be incorporated into denture bases, tissue conditioners, soft denture liners and dental prostheses. In implantology, zeolites and ZIFs are applied in dental implants, bone graft materials, bone adhesive hydrogels, drug delivery systems and electrospinning. In periodontics, zeolites can be applied as antibacterial agents for deep periodontal pockets, while ZIFs can be embedded in guided tissue regeneration membranes and guided bone regeneration membranes. In orthodontics, zeolites can be applied in orthodontic appliances. Additionally, for oral surgery, zeolites can be used in oral cancer diagnostic marker membranes, maxillofacial prosthesis silicone elastomer and tooth extraction medicines, while ZIFs can be incorporated to osteogenic glue or used as a carrier for antitumour drugs. In summary, zeolites have a broad application in dentistry and are receiving more attention from clinicians and researchers.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662255-5
    ISSN 2079-4991
    ISSN 2079-4991
    DOI 10.3390/nano13222973
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Outreach Service Using Silver Diamine Fluoride to Arrest Early Childhood Caries.

    Zheng, Faith Miaomiao / Lo, Edward Chin Man / Chu, Chun Hung

    International dental journal

    2023  Volume 73, Issue 5, Page(s) 598–602

    Abstract: Early childhood caries (ECC) is prevalent and affects more than half of 5-year-old children in Hong Kong. This study aims to report the development of an outreach dental service using silver diamine fluoride (SDF) to arrest ECC amongst kindergarten ... ...

    Abstract Early childhood caries (ECC) is prevalent and affects more than half of 5-year-old children in Hong Kong. This study aims to report the development of an outreach dental service using silver diamine fluoride (SDF) to arrest ECC amongst kindergarten children in Hong Kong. A pilot outreach service was initiated in 2008 in 14 kindergartens. The pilot service provided screening to 1,749 3- to 5-year-old children. SDF was applied to 3,262 carious teeth of 786 children with parental consent. No significant complications were reported. The pilot service's success allowed the service to expand to 100 kindergartens in 2013. From 2010 to 2019, the service delivered 161,354 dental screenings and SDF therapy on 218,333 carious primary teeth in 53,821 children. ECC prevalence amongst the participating children declined from 43% in 2010 to 34% in 2019. A follow-up of 222 3-year-old children revealed that annual SDF therapy arrested 67% of ECC over 3 years. The children's participation rate and their parents' satisfaction rate with the service were greater than 90% each year. Moreover, the acceptance rate of SDF therapy to control ECC was 88%, although SDF stained carious lesions black. No adverse effects of SDF therapy were reported. A cross-sectional survey on a sample of 498 3- to 5-year-old children showed that 96% of the participating children had no dental fear or anxiety in this service, with encouragement and support from their peers and teachers. In 2019, the service was made available to all 1,024 kindergartens in Hong Kong. This kindergarten outreach dental service (Case Study HKU/04/003) was selected as an Impact Case Study in the thematic report "Health & Healthcare" by the Hong Kong University Grant Council (UGC). The UGC publishes thematic reports to give members of the public some concrete idea on what contributions academic research has brought to the society.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dental Caries Susceptibility ; Schools ; Dental Caries/prevention & control
    Chemical Substances silver diamine fluoride (DDU19UEV1Y)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 218262-2
    ISSN 1875-595X ; 0020-6539
    ISSN (online) 1875-595X
    ISSN 0020-6539
    DOI 10.1016/j.identj.2023.07.169
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Tooth Wear in Older Adults: A Review of Clinical Studies.

    Chan, Alice Kit Ying / Tsang, Yiu Cheung / Lai, Eddie Hsiang-Hua / Chu, Chun Hung

    Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 9, Issue 1

    Abstract: Introduction: Tooth wear is a prevalent dental condition among older adults, leading to pain and adversely affecting aesthetics, functionality, and their overall quality of life. This review aims to update the information on tooth wear in older adults ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Tooth wear is a prevalent dental condition among older adults, leading to pain and adversely affecting aesthetics, functionality, and their overall quality of life. This review aims to update the information on tooth wear in older adults from the past five years and to provide guidance on the clinical management of tooth wear in older adults.
    Methods: A literature search was conducted in three electronic databases, Scopus, Pubmed, and Embase, for English publications from January 2019 to December 2023 on clinical studies with participants aged 65 or above on tooth wear. A total of 307 articles were retrieved and 14 articles were finally included as references for this study.
    Results: This review highlights the common causes of tooth wear and various risk factors, such as medical conditions, hyposalivation, dietary habits, oral hygiene practices, parafunctional habits, and occlusal factors, associated with tooth wear. It is crucial for oral health care professionals to diagnose and manage tooth wear at an early stage through a risk assessment and a clinical examination to avoid complex restorative procedures. Tooth wear management should prioritize prevention, aiming to control etiological and risk factors while employing non-restorative treatments. Restorative intervention, if indicated, should be simple, minimally invasive, and cost-effective. Tooth wear progression should be monitored regularly to determine if a further intervention is needed.
    Conclusion: Since the clinical studies on tooth wear in older adults over the past five years are limited and mainly cross-sectional, more interventional clinical studies are warranted to provide more clinical guidance on tooth wear management in older adults.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2308-3417
    ISSN (online) 2308-3417
    DOI 10.3390/geriatrics9010012
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Clinical Effects of Sugar Substitutes on Cariogenic Bacteria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Liang, Nicky Linlin / Luo, Bella Weijia / Sun, Ivy Guofang / Chu, Chun Hung / Duangthip, Duangporn

    International dental journal

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: The use of sugar substitutes in food products has recently increased. Limited information regarding the role of various sugar substitutes in caries prevention was found. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate ... ...

    Abstract Background: The use of sugar substitutes in food products has recently increased. Limited information regarding the role of various sugar substitutes in caries prevention was found. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of sugar substitute consumption on reducing cariogenic bacteria in dental plaque and saliva.
    Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science (inception to July 2023) for prospective controlled trials published in English and investigated the effects of sugar substitute consumption on cariogenic bacteria in dental plaque and saliva. The primary outcome was the changes in cariogenic bacteria. Two independent reviewers screened the papers. Quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tools.
    Results: From 977 studies identified, 32 trials were included. Almost half (14/32, 44%) of the included studies had a high risk of bias. Almost all (31/32, 96.88%) were investigations of xylitol and other sugar alcohols (low-intensity sweeteners), such as sorbitol, erythritol, and maltitol. Only one trial investigated stevia, a high-intensity sweetener, whereas no studies on other high-intensity sweeteners, such as sucralose, saccharin, or aspartame, were found. Almost all studies (30/32, 93.75%) showed the consumption of low-intensity sweeteners led to a significant reduction of different types of cariogenic bacteria. The results of the meta-analysis showed that consumption of low-intensity sweeteners led to a significant reduction of cariogenic bacteria in both dental plaque and saliva compared to no treatment.
    Conclusion: The consumption of low-intensity sweeteners helps reduce cariogenic bacteria in dental plaque and saliva. There is limited clinical evidence regarding the role of high-intensity sweeteners in reducing cariogenic bacteria.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218262-2
    ISSN 1875-595X ; 0020-6539
    ISSN (online) 1875-595X
    ISSN 0020-6539
    DOI 10.1016/j.identj.2024.02.008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The Caries-Arrest Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride Treatment with Different Post-Treatment Instructions in Preschool Children: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

    Sun, Ivy Guofang / Duangthip, Duangporn / Lo, Edward Chin Man / Chu, Chun Hung

    Dentistry journal

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 6

    Abstract: In this 12-month randomized active-controlled clinical trial, we compare two post-treatment instructions for silver diamine fluoride (SDF) therapy in arresting dentine caries. The trial will include at least 254 kindergarten children with active dentine ... ...

    Abstract In this 12-month randomized active-controlled clinical trial, we compare two post-treatment instructions for silver diamine fluoride (SDF) therapy in arresting dentine caries. The trial will include at least 254 kindergarten children with active dentine caries. The children will be randomized into two groups and receive a 38% SDF solution applied topically to their carious lesions. Children in Group A will rinse immediately, whereas those in Group B will refrain from rinsing, eating, and drinking for 30 min. One trained examiner will perform the dental examination at baseline and every six months. The primary outcome measurement will be the proportion of caries lesions that become arrested at the 12-month examination. Potential confounding factors and parents' satisfaction with SDF therapy at baseline and after 12 months will be collected using parental questionnaires. This trial will provide evidence-based information for clinical practitioners to give post-treatment instructions for SDF therapy. This study is registered at ClinicalTrial.gov (USA) (registration number: NCT05655286).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2681351-8
    ISSN 2304-6767 ; 2304-6767
    ISSN (online) 2304-6767
    ISSN 2304-6767
    DOI 10.3390/dj11060145
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: The preventive effect of glass ionomer cement restorations on secondary caries formation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Ge, Kelsey Xingyun / Quock, Ryan / Chu, Chun-Hung / Yu, Ollie Yiru

    Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials

    2023  Volume 39, Issue 12, Page(s) e1–e17

    Abstract: Objective: The objective is to compare the preventive effect on secondary caries of glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations with amalgam or resin-composite restorations.: Methods: Two independent researchers conducted a systematic search of English ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The objective is to compare the preventive effect on secondary caries of glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations with amalgam or resin-composite restorations.
    Methods: Two independent researchers conducted a systematic search of English publications in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane and Scopus. They selected randomized clinical trials comparing secondary caries incidences around GIC restorations (conventional GIC or resin-modified GIC) with amalgam or resin-composite restorations. Meta-analysis of the secondary-caries incidences with risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) as the effect measure was performed.
    Results: This review included 64 studies. These studies included 8310 GIC restorations and 5857 amalgam or resin-composite restorations with a follow-up period from 1 to 10 years. Twenty-one studies with 4807 restorations on primary teeth and thirty-eight studies with 4885 restorations on permanent teeth were eligible for meta-analysis. The GIC restorations had a lower secondary caries incidence compared with amalgam restorations in both primary dentition [RR= 0.55, 95% CI:0.41-0.72] and permanent dentition [RR= 0.20, 95% CI:0.11-0.38]. GIC restorations showed similar secondary caries incidence compared with resin-composite restorations in primary dentition [RR= 0.92, 95% CI:0.77-1.10] and permanent dentition [RR= 0.77, 95% CI:0.39-1.51]. Conventional GIC restorations showed similar secondary caries incidence compared with resin-modified GIC-restored teeth in both primary dentition [RR= 1.12, 95% CI:0.67-1.87] and permanent dentition [RR= 1.63, 95% CI:0.34-7.84].
    Conclusions: GIC restorations showed a superior preventive effect against secondary caries compared to amalgam restorations, and a similar preventive effect against secondary caries compared to resin-composite restorations in both primary and permanent teeth. [PROSPERO Registration ID: CRD42022380959].
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Dental Restoration, Permanent ; Glass Ionomer Cements ; Dental Caries Susceptibility ; Dental Caries/prevention & control ; Composite Resins/therapeutic use ; Dental Amalgam/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Glass Ionomer Cements ; Composite Resins ; Dental Amalgam (8049-85-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605995-8
    ISSN 1879-0097 ; 0109-5641
    ISSN (online) 1879-0097
    ISSN 0109-5641
    DOI 10.1016/j.dental.2023.10.008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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