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Article ; Online: Peripheral blood amyloid-β involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease via impacting on peripheral innate immune cells.

Shi, Mingchao / Chu, Fengna / Zhu, Feiqi / Zhu, Jie

2024 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 5

Abstract: A key pathological factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent form of age-related dementia in the world, is excessive β-amyloid protein (Aβ) in extracellular aggregation in the brain. And in the peripheral blood, a large amount of Aβ is ... ...

Abstract	A key pathological factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent form of age-related dementia in the world, is excessive β-amyloid protein (Aβ) in extracellular aggregation in the brain. And in the peripheral blood, a large amount of Aβ is derived from platelets. So far, the causality between the levels of peripheral blood Aβ and its aggregation in the brain, particularly the role of the peripheral blood Aβ in the pathology of AD, is still unclear. And the relation between the peripheral blood Aβ and tau tangles of brain, another crucial pathologic factor contributing to the pathogenesis of AD, is also ambiguous. More recently, the anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies are approved for treatment of AD patients through declining the peripheral blood Aβ mechanism of action to enhance plasma and central nervous system (CNS) Aβ clearance, leading to a decrease Aβ burden in brain and improving cognitive function, which clearly indicates that the levels of the peripheral blood Aβ impacted on the Aβ burden in brain and involved in the pathogenesis of AD. In addition, the role of peripheral innate immune cells in AD remains mostly unknown and the results obtained were controversial. In the present review, we summarize recent studies on the roles of peripheral blood Aβ and the peripheral innate immune cells in the pathogenesis of AD. Finally, based on the published data and our own work, we believe that peripheral blood Aβ plays an important role in the development and progression of AD by impacting on the peripheral innate immune cells.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Cognition ; Immunity, Innate
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2156455-3
ISSN	1742-2094 ; 1742-2094
ISSN (online)	1742-2094
ISSN	1742-2094
DOI	10.1186/s12974-023-03003-5
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Ischaemic stroke in a patient with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) despite non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant (NOAC) therapy.

Zhen, Simon / Chu, Fion / Kodesh, Afek / Kim, Jisoon

BMJ case reports

2024 Volume 17, Issue 1

Abstract: Primary stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is primarily with non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant (NOAC) therapy. However, 20-36% of ischaemic strokes seem to occur in patients with atrial fibrillation while already on ... ...

Abstract	Primary stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is primarily with non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant (NOAC) therapy. However, 20-36% of ischaemic strokes seem to occur in patients with atrial fibrillation while already on anticoagulation. We present a case of an ischaemic stroke in an elderly female in her 70s with medical history significant for hypertension and NVAF. She had a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 3 and was on apixaban for thromboprophylaxis. She presented with neurological deficits consistent with a left middle cerebral artery stroke, confirmed via head imaging; the most likely stroke aetiology was determined to be cardioembolic in the setting of NVAF. She was treated with
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Aged ; Humans ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Vitamin K ; Atrial Fibrillation/complications ; Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy ; Brain Ischemia/etiology ; Brain Ischemia/prevention & control ; Stroke/etiology ; Stroke/prevention & control ; Venous Thromboembolism ; Ischemic Stroke ; Embolic Stroke
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants ; Vitamin K (12001-79-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ISSN	1757-790X
ISSN (online)	1757-790X
DOI	10.1136/bcr-2023-258761
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Article: Incidental Finding of a Fish Bone Perforation in the Pylorus Mimicking Acute Cholecystitis.

Tong, Chai Wei / Alhayo, Sam / Chu, Francis

Cureus

2024 Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) e54596

Abstract: We present a case of a 43-year-old man with Crohn's disease who presented with epigastric and right upper quadrant abdominal pain, initially suspected to be acute cholecystitis or a Crohn's flare-up. CT revealed a curvilinear, hyperdense foreign body ... ...

Abstract	We present a case of a 43-year-old man with Crohn's disease who presented with epigastric and right upper quadrant abdominal pain, initially suspected to be acute cholecystitis or a Crohn's flare-up. CT revealed a curvilinear, hyperdense foreign body adjacent to the duodenum, concerning micro-perforation. Endoscopic examination confirmed findings of a 3 cm fish bone lodged in the pylorus. Endoscopic extraction was successful without significant mucosal damage, and the patient recovered well postoperatively. This case highlights the rarity of pyloric perforation secondary to fish bone ingestion and highlights the importance of considering this diagnosis in patients presenting with unexplained acute abdominal pain, as prompt recognition and intervention are essential for favorable outcomes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.54596
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Article ; Online: How I do it: dual operation channels percutaneous endoscopic far-lateral transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

Xiao, Qingqing / Wu, Ji / Chu, Fuming / Li, Yue

Acta neurochirurgica

2024 Volume 166, Issue 1, Page(s) 57

Abstract: Background: The current surgical procedure of interbody fusion in the lumbar spine has several limitations including low efficiency, potential endplate damage, overdose radiation exposure, and failure of fusion.: Methods: Through the endoscopic ... ...

Abstract	Background: The current surgical procedure of interbody fusion in the lumbar spine has several limitations including low efficiency, potential endplate damage, overdose radiation exposure, and failure of fusion. Methods: Through the endoscopic operating channel, we efficiently removed the superior and inferior articular processes and decompressed the ligamentum flavum. Another operating channel was established under endoscopic monitoring to excise the annulus fibrosus, remove the cartilaginous endplate using open instruments, perform interbody bone grafting, and place a non-expandable polyetheretherketone open surgical fusion cage. Conclusion: Lumbar interbody fusion was performed successfully using a far-lateral transforaminal approach combined with dual operation channels of percutaneous endoscopic-assisted technique.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Endoscopy ; Lumbosacral Region/surgery ; Spinal Fusion/methods ; Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging ; Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-02
Publishing country	Austria
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80010-7
ISSN	0942-0940 ; 0001-6268
ISSN (online)	0942-0940
ISSN	0001-6268
DOI	10.1007/s00701-024-05946-x
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Article ; Online: An Environmentally Adaptive and Contrastive Representation Learning Method for Condition Monitoring of Industrial Assets.

Sun, Shilin / Wang, Tianyang / Yang, Hongxing / Chu, Fulei

IEEE transactions on cybernetics

2024 Volume 54, Issue 3, Page(s) 1484–1496

Abstract: Condition monitoring of assets is significant to the efficiency and reliability of industrial automation systems. However, the accuracy of condition monitoring results is easily impaired by variational environments and volatile operations, especially for ...

Abstract	Condition monitoring of assets is significant to the efficiency and reliability of industrial automation systems. However, the accuracy of condition monitoring results is easily impaired by variational environments and volatile operations, especially for complex automation systems. In this article, an environmentally adaptive and contrastive representation learning method is proposed to address the problem. To suppress the unexpected effects of environmental variations on operating data, a regression model between the operational and environmental variables is developed. The variable regression adjustment is achieved by solving a penalized optimization problem based on spline functions, and the solution is explicitly derived. Then, negative samples and pseudo labels are generated based on the designed pattern of data augmentation, and valid data representations for asset condition monitoring can be obtained by contrastive learning. Moreover, the reference statue of healthy assets is established by kernel density estimation, and control charts are employed for online monitoring with alarm thresholds. Taking wind turbine blades as examples, the remarkable performance of the developed method is demonstrated with real-world measurements from wind farms. Furthermore, comparative analysis with benchmark approaches and ablation study are conducted to reveal the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2168-2275
ISSN (online)	2168-2275
DOI	10.1109/TCYB.2022.3209707
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Conference proceedings ; Online: Taiwan online precise point positioning service (TOPS)

Yang, M. / Chu, F. / Hsu, H.

XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)

Concept and initial results

2023

Abstract: Precise point positioning (PPP) is a convenient, accurate and reliable means for GNSS positioning and has been used in a variety of scientific and engineering applications such as crustal deformation determination, hydrographic surveying, and ionosphere ... ...

Abstract	Precise point positioning (PPP) is a convenient, accurate and reliable means for GNSS positioning and has been used in a variety of scientific and engineering applications such as crustal deformation determination, hydrographic surveying, and ionosphere monitoring. This study introduces Taiwan’s first online PPP service -- Taiwan Online Precise Point Positioning Service (TOPS). TOPS is a self-developed, Matlab-based software package capable of performing cm-level GNSS positioning. Because Taiwan has its own coordinate system called Taiwan Geodetic Datum 1997 (TWD97), the positioning results obtained from TOPS, which are intrinsically defined in the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), must be converted to TWD97 via a suitable coordinate transformation procedure. To accomplish the coordinate transformation, TOPS utilizes a transformation model that incorporates IERS-published global transformation parameters, local inter-seismic velocity models, and local co-seismic displacement models associated with earthquakes greater than magnitude 6.0. Experiments using data collected at global CORSs show that cm-level positioning results compatible with other online PPP service such as CSRS-PPP, GAPS and magicGNSS-PPP can be achieved with TOPS. Experiments using data collected at local control points show that after converting positioning results to TWD97[2010] (TWD97 at epoch 2010.0) and comparing them with pre-determined fiducial coordinates, a horizontal agreement level of ~2 cm and a vertical agreement level of ~9 cm have been achieved. The horizontal component is acceptable, considering that the accuracy of the fiducial coordinates is also cm-level; however, the vertical component suggests that the transformation model has not yet characterized the local vertical motion to a satisfactory accuracy level.
Subject code	330
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Self-supervised global context graph neural network for session-based recommendation.

Chu, Fei / Jia, Caiyan

PeerJ. Computer science

2022 Volume 8, Page(s) e1055

Abstract: Session-based recommendation (SBR) aims to recommend the next items based on anonymous behavior sequences over a short period of time. Compared with other recommendation paradigms, the information available in SBR is very limited. Therefore, capturing ... ...

Abstract	Session-based recommendation (SBR) aims to recommend the next items based on anonymous behavior sequences over a short period of time. Compared with other recommendation paradigms, the information available in SBR is very limited. Therefore, capturing the item relations across sessions is crucial for SBR. Recently, many methods have been proposed to learn article transformation relationships over all sessions. Despite their success, these methods may enlarge the impact of noisy interactions and ignore the complex high-order relationship between non-adjacent items. In this study, we propose a self-supervised global context graph neural network (SGC-GNN) to model high-order transition relations between items over all sessions by using virtual context vectors, each of which connects to all items in a given session and enables to collect and propagation information beyond adjacent items. Moreover, to improve the robustness of the proposed model, we devise a contrastive self-supervised learning (SSL) module as an auxiliary task to jointly learn more robust representations of the items in sessions and train the model to fulfill the SBR task. Experimental results on three benchmark datasets demonstrate the superiority of our model over the state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods and validate the effectiveness of context vectors and the self-supervised module.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2376-5992
ISSN (online)	2376-5992
DOI	10.7717/peerj-cs.1055
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Article ; Online: Multimedia Real-Time Transmission Protocol and Its Application in Video Transmission System.

Zhang, Xinkan / Chu, Fufeng

Computational intelligence and neuroscience

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 8654756

Abstract: The aim is to provide corresponding quality of service (QoS) guarantee for real-time video data transmission. To ensure the high quality and smooth playback of video sequence at the receiving end, the design of multimedia transmission is made. In view of ...

Abstract	The aim is to provide corresponding quality of service (QoS) guarantee for real-time video data transmission. To ensure the high quality and smooth playback of video sequence at the receiving end, the design of multimedia transmission is made. In view of the shortcomings of selective frame loss, this paper adopts the active frame loss algorithm, which discards the nonkey frames according to the probability. With the increase of the frame loss rate at the transmitter, the proportion of decoded frames increases rapidly and reaches the maximum when the frame loss rate is 0.1. It is proved that active frame loss can control the bit rate more accurately to make full use of bandwidth resources and avoid the waste of bandwidth resources.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Multimedia
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2388208-6
ISSN	1687-5273 ; 1687-5273
ISSN (online)	1687-5273
ISSN	1687-5273
DOI	10.1155/2022/8654756
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Article ; Online: Determining Metastable Ion Lifetime and History through Wave-Particle Interaction.

Chu, F / Skiff, F

Physical review letters

2019 Volume 122, Issue 7, Page(s) 75001

Abstract: Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) performed on metastable ions is frequently used to probe the dynamics of ground-state ion motions in many laboratory plasmas. However, these measurements place restrictions on the metastable ion lifetime. Metastable ... ...

Abstract	Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) performed on metastable ions is frequently used to probe the dynamics of ground-state ion motions in many laboratory plasmas. However, these measurements place restrictions on the metastable ion lifetime. Metastable states are produced from direct ionization of neutral atoms as well as ions in other electronic states, of which the former will only faithfully represent processes that act on the ion dynamics in a time shorter than the metastable lifetime. We present here the first experimental study of this type of systematic effect using wave-particle interaction in an argon multidipole plasma. The metastable lifetime and relative fraction of metastables produced from preexisting ions, necessary for correcting the LIF measurement errors, can be determined by fitting the experimental results with the theory we propose.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.075001
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Article ; Online: Multi-camera imaging to characterize jet and liner uniformity on the Plasma Liner Experiment (PLX).

LaJoie, A L / Chu, F / Langendorf, S / Cassibry, J / Vyas, A / Gilmore, M

The Review of scientific instruments

2023 Volume 94, Issue 6

Abstract: At Plasma Liner Experiment, a set of 36 coaxial plasma guns are deployed quasi-uniformly over a 9 ft diameter spherical chamber and are used to form a high-Z spherically compressive plasma liner. Simulations indicate that for the concept to ultimately ... ...

Abstract	At Plasma Liner Experiment, a set of 36 coaxial plasma guns are deployed quasi-uniformly over a 9 ft diameter spherical chamber and are used to form a high-Z spherically compressive plasma liner. Simulations indicate that for the concept to ultimately achieve optimal target density and temperature, a high degree of timing uniformity is required between all guns. To aid in quantifying and correcting gun-to-gun nonuniformities, a key diagnostic will consist of up to six fisheye-view CCD cameras positioned inside the main chamber such that each has all plasma guns within its view. The individual cameras can be triggered at different times to determine each plasma jet's muzzle velocity and structure for different operating conditions. This camera array is currently under development, and the implementation needs and challenges for this camera array are discussed here. Additionally, we detail the analysis methodology for determining jet-to-jet uniformity deviations and how we can correct them, thereby improving overall liner uniformity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209865-9
ISSN	1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
ISSN (online)	1089-7623
ISSN	0034-6748
DOI	10.1063/5.0101674
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