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  1. Article: Staphylococcus aureus

    Chung, Kian Fan

    Allergy, asthma & immunology research

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) 119–121

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-05
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2545725-1
    ISSN 2092-7363 ; 2092-7355
    ISSN (online) 2092-7363
    ISSN 2092-7355
    DOI 10.4168/aair.2023.15.2.119
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  2. Article ; Online: Defining cough phenotypes: chronic productive cough with obstructive lung function trajectory.

    Chung, Kian Fan

    The Lancet. Respiratory medicine

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) 91–93

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cough/diagnosis ; Cough/etiology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Chronic Disease
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2686754-0
    ISSN 2213-2619 ; 2213-2600
    ISSN (online) 2213-2619
    ISSN 2213-2600
    DOI 10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00388-0
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  3. Article ; Online: Type-2-low severe asthma endotypes for new treatments: the new asthma frontier.

    Chung, Kian Fan

    Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 3, Page(s) 199–204

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Type-2 (T2)-high asthma represents a well defined group of severe eosinophilic asthma for which there are now effective biologic therapies targetting the interleukins (ILs) 4, 5 and 13, and Immunoglobulin E. T2-low asthma detected in ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Type-2 (T2)-high asthma represents a well defined group of severe eosinophilic asthma for which there are now effective biologic therapies targetting the interleukins (ILs) 4, 5 and 13, and Immunoglobulin E. T2-low asthma detected in the clinic by a low blood eosinophil count remains ill-defined and is the focus of this review.
    Recent findings: By analysing transcriptomic and proteomic expression in sputum samples in U-BIOPRED cohort, both T2-high and -low molecular phenotypes have been described. Using clustering approaches, a neutrophilic-predominant cluster associated with activation markers of neutrophilic and inflammasome activation with interferon and tumour necrosis factor expression, together with a cluster of paucigranulocytic inflammation linked to oxidative phosphorylation and senescence pathways have been described. Using gene set variation analysis, specific molecular phenotypes driven by IL-6 trans-signalling pathway, or those by IL-6, IL-17 and IL-22 pathways were identified linked to a mixed granulocytic or neutrophilic inflammation.
    Summary: Previous trials of antineutrophilic agents in asthma have failed because enrolled patients were not specifically chosen for these targeted treatments. Although the T2-low molecular pathways should be validated in other cohorts, the availability of targeted therapies indicated for other autoimmune conditions should encourage a trial of these respective biological therapies for these specific molecular phenotypes.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; Proteomics ; Asthma/drug therapy ; Asthma/genetics ; Eosinophils ; Phenotype ; Inflammation ; Sputum
    Chemical Substances Interleukin-6
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2088710-3
    ISSN 1473-6322 ; 1528-4050
    ISSN (online) 1473-6322
    ISSN 1528-4050
    DOI 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000899
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  4. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Severe asthma

    Chung, Kian Fan / Israel, Elliot / Gibson, Peter G.

    (ERS monograph)

    2019  

    Author's details edited by Kian Fan Chung, Elliot Israel and Peter G. Gibson
    Series title ERS monograph
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 350 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Publisher European Respriatory Society
    Publishing place Sheffield
    Publishing country Great Britain
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    HBZ-ID HT020154303
    ISBN 978-1-84984-104-7 ; 9781849841030 ; 1-84984-104-7 ; 1849841039
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  5. Article ; Online: More Data on Risks and Outcomes of COVID-19 in Asthma, COPD, and Bronchiectasis.

    Chung, Kian Fan

    The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 7, Page(s) 2656–2657

    MeSH term(s) Asthma/epidemiology ; Bronchiectasis/epidemiology ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2843237-X
    ISSN 2213-2201 ; 2213-2198
    ISSN (online) 2213-2201
    ISSN 2213-2198
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.04.031
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  6. Article ; Online: Increasing utility of FeNO as a biomarker of type-2 inflammation in severe asthma.

    Chung, Kian Fan

    The Lancet. Respiratory medicine

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 10, Page(s) 1083–1084

    MeSH term(s) Asthma/diagnosis ; Asthma/drug therapy ; Biomarkers/blood ; Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide Testing ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Nitric Oxide
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2686754-0
    ISSN 2213-2619 ; 2213-2600
    ISSN (online) 2213-2619
    ISSN 2213-2600
    DOI 10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00170-3
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  7. Article ; Online: Mouth breathing, dry air, and low water permeation promote inflammation, and activate neural pathways, by osmotic stresses acting on airway lining mucus.

    Edwards, David A / Chung, Kian Fan

    QRB discovery

    2023  Volume 4, Page(s) e3

    Abstract: Respiratory disease and breathing abnormalities worsen with dehydration of the upper airways. We find that humidification of inhaled air occurs by evaporation of water over mucus lining the upper airways in such a way as to deliver an osmotic force on ... ...

    Abstract Respiratory disease and breathing abnormalities worsen with dehydration of the upper airways. We find that humidification of inhaled air occurs by evaporation of water over mucus lining the upper airways in such a way as to deliver an osmotic force on mucus, displacing it towards the epithelium. This displacement thins the periciliary layer of water beneath mucus while thickening topical water that is partially condensed from humid air on exhalation. With the rapid mouth breathing of dry air, this condensation layer, not previously reported while common to transpiring hydrogels in nature, can deliver an osmotic compressive force of up to around 100 cm H
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2633-2892
    ISSN (online) 2633-2892
    DOI 10.1017/qrd.2023.1
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  8. Article ; Online: Mucus Transpiration as the Basis for Chronic Cough and Cough Hypersensitivity.

    Edwards, David A / Chung, Kian Fan

    Lung

    2023  Volume 202, Issue 1, Page(s) 17–24

    Abstract: Chronic cough is characterized by a state of cough hypersensitivity. We analyze the process of transpiration, by which water appears to evaporate from laryngeal and tracheal mucus as from the surface of a leaf, as a potential cause of cough ... ...

    Abstract Chronic cough is characterized by a state of cough hypersensitivity. We analyze the process of transpiration, by which water appears to evaporate from laryngeal and tracheal mucus as from the surface of a leaf, as a potential cause of cough hypersensitivity. In this process, osmotic pressure differences form across mucus, pulling water toward the air, and preventing mucus dehydration. Recent research suggests that these osmotic differences grow on encounter with dry and dirty air, amplifying pressure on upper airway epithelia and initiating a cascade of biophysical events that potentially elevate levels of ATP, promote inflammation and acidity, threaten water condensation, and diminish mucus water permeability. Among consequences of this inflammatory cascade is tendency to cough. Studies of isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic aerosols targeted to the upper airways give insights to the nature of mucus transpiration and its relationship to a water layer that forms by condensation in the upper airways on exhalation. They also suggest that, while hypertonic NaCl and mannitol may provoke cough and bronchoconstriction, hypertonic salts with permeating anions and non-permeating cations may relieve these same upper respiratory dysfunctions. Understanding of mucus transpiration and its role in cough hypersensitivity can lead to new treatment modalities for chronic cough and other airway dysfunctions promoted by the breathing of dry and dirty air.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Chronic Cough ; Respiratory Aerosols and Droplets ; Cough/etiology ; Mucus ; Hypersensitivity ; Water
    Chemical Substances Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 6165-7
    ISSN 1432-1750 ; 0341-2040
    ISSN (online) 1432-1750
    ISSN 0341-2040
    DOI 10.1007/s00408-023-00664-0
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  9. Article ; Online: Clinical Assessment and Utility of Biomarkers in Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap.

    Huang, Kewu / Chung, Kian Fan

    Immunology and allergy clinics of North America

    2022  Volume 42, Issue 3, Page(s) 631–643

    Abstract: Although asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are considered as 2 distinct airway disorders, asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) includes those with features of both asthma and COPD. ACO is distinguished by having more frequent exacerbations and ...

    Abstract Although asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are considered as 2 distinct airway disorders, asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) includes those with features of both asthma and COPD. ACO is distinguished by having more frequent exacerbations and being associated with higher medical costs. Several objective labels or biomarkers have been identified and recommended for diagnosing and guiding the management of ACO. This article reviews the recent advances in clinical assessment of and the utility of biomarkers in ACO, as well as highlights a treatable trait approach to identify and manage these chronic airway diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Asthma/complications ; Biomarkers ; Humans ; Phenotype ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 92606-1
    ISSN 1557-8607 ; 0889-8561
    ISSN (online) 1557-8607
    ISSN 0889-8561
    DOI 10.1016/j.iac.2022.04.004
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  10. Article ; Online: Predicting Response to Triamcinolone in Severe Asthma by Machine Learning. Solving the Enigma.

    Chung, Kian Fan

    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

    2019  Volume 199, Issue 11, Page(s) 1299–1300

    MeSH term(s) Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Asthma ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Phenotype ; Triamcinolone
    Chemical Substances Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Triamcinolone (1ZK20VI6TY)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1180953-x
    ISSN 1535-4970 ; 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    ISSN (online) 1535-4970
    ISSN 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    DOI 10.1164/rccm.201902-0320ED
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