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  1. Article ; Online: Safety of integrated preventive chemotherapy for neglected tropical diseases.

    Ciciriello, Allan M / Fairley, Jessica K / Cooke, Emma / Emerson, Paul M / Hooper, Pamela J / Bolton, Birgit / LaCon, Genevieve / Addiss, David G

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases

    2022  Volume 16, Issue 9, Page(s) e0010700

    Abstract: Background: Preventive chemotherapy (PC) is a central strategy for control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Increased emphasis has been given to "integration" of NTD programs within health systems and coadministration of NTD drugs ... ...

    Abstract Background: Preventive chemotherapy (PC) is a central strategy for control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Increased emphasis has been given to "integration" of NTD programs within health systems and coadministration of NTD drugs offers significant programmatic benefits. Guidance from the World Health Organization (WHO) reflects current evidence for safe drug coadministration and highlights measures to prevent choking of young children during PC.
    Methodology: To understand how coadministration of NTD drugs might affect PC safety, we reviewed literature on choking risk in young children and safety of coadministered NTD drugs. To understand current practices of drug coadministration, we surveyed 15 NTD program managers and implementing partners.
    Principal findings: In high-income countries, choking on medication is an infrequent cause of death in young children. In low-resource settings, data are limited, but age-appropriate drug formulations are less available. During PC, fatal choking, although infrequent, occurs primarily in young children; forcing them to swallow tablets appears to be the major risk factor. The WHO currently recommends 6 drugs and 5 possible drug combinations for use in PC. Of 105 nations endemic for the 5 PC-NTDs, 72 (68.6%) are co-endemic for 2 or more diseases and could benefit from drug coadministration during PC. All 15 survey respondents reported coadministering medications during PC. Reported responses to a child refusing to take medicine included: not forcing the child to do so (60.0%), encouraging the child (46.7%), bringing the child back later (26.7%), offering powder for oral suspension (POS) for azithromycin (13.3%), and having parents or community members intervene to calm the child (6.7%).
    Conclusions: Coadministration of NTD drugs during PC appears to be increasingly common. Safety of coadministered PC drugs requires attention to choking prevention, use of approved drug combinations, and increased access to age-appropriate drug formulations.
    MeSH term(s) Azithromycin ; Chemoprevention ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Family ; Humans ; Neglected Diseases/drug therapy ; Neglected Diseases/prevention & control ; Powders
    Chemical Substances Powders ; Azithromycin (83905-01-5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2429704-5
    ISSN 1935-2735 ; 1935-2735
    ISSN (online) 1935-2735
    ISSN 1935-2735
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010700
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: What is the economic benefit of annual COVID-19 vaccination from the adult individual perspective?

    Bartsch, Sarah M / O'Shea, Kelly J / Weatherwax, Colleen / Strych, Ulrich / Velmurugan, Kavya / John, Danielle C / Bottazzi, Maria Elena / Hussein, Mustafa / Martinez, Marie F / Chin, Kevin L / Ciciriello, Allan / Heneghan, Jessie / Dibbs, Alexis / Scannell, Sheryl A / Hotez, Peter J / Lee, Bruce Y

    The Journal of infectious diseases

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: With COVID-19 vaccination no longer mandated by many businesses/organizations, it is now up to individuals to decide whether to get any new boosters/updated vaccines going forward.: Methods: We developed a Markov model representing the ... ...

    Abstract Background: With COVID-19 vaccination no longer mandated by many businesses/organizations, it is now up to individuals to decide whether to get any new boosters/updated vaccines going forward.
    Methods: We developed a Markov model representing the potential clinical/economic outcomes from an individual perspective in the United States of getting versus not getting an annual COVID-19 vaccine.
    Results: For an 18-49-year-old, getting vaccinated at its current price ($60) can save the individual on average $30-$603 if the individual is uninsured and $4-$437 if the individual has private insurance, as long as the starting vaccine efficacy against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is ≥50% and the weekly risk of getting infected is ≥0.2%, corresponding to an individual interacting with 9 other people in a day under Winter 2023-2024 Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant conditions with an average infection prevalence of 10%. For a 50-64-year-old, these cost-savings increase to $111-$1,278 and $119-$1,706, for someone without and with insurance, respectively. The risk threshold increases to ≥0.4% (interacting with 19 people/day), when the individual has 13.4% pre-existing protection against infection (e.g., vaccinated 9 months earlier).
    Conclusion: There is both clinical and economic incentive for the individual to continue to get vaccinated against COVID-19 each year.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3019-3
    ISSN 1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
    ISSN (online) 1537-6613
    ISSN 0022-1899
    DOI 10.1093/infdis/jiae179
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The potential epidemiologic, clinical, and economic value of a universal coronavirus vaccine: a modelling study.

    Bartsch, Sarah M / O'Shea, Kelly J / John, Danielle C / Strych, Ulrich / Bottazzi, Maria Elena / Martinez, Marie F / Ciciriello, Allan / Chin, Kevin L / Weatherwax, Colleen / Velmurugan, Kavya / Heneghan, Jessie / Scannell, Sheryl A / Hotez, Peter J / Lee, Bruce Y

    EClinicalMedicine

    2024  Volume 68, Page(s) 102369

    Abstract: Background: With efforts underway to develop a universal coronavirus vaccine, otherwise known as a pan-coronavirus vaccine, this is the time to offer potential funders, researchers, and manufacturers guidance on the potential value of such a vaccine and ...

    Abstract Background: With efforts underway to develop a universal coronavirus vaccine, otherwise known as a pan-coronavirus vaccine, this is the time to offer potential funders, researchers, and manufacturers guidance on the potential value of such a vaccine and how this value may change with differing vaccine and vaccination characteristics.
    Methods: Using a computational model representing the United States (U.S.) population, the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and the various clinical and economic outcomes of COVID-19 such as hospitalisations, deaths, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) lost, productivity losses, direct medical costs, and total societal costs, we explored the impact of a universal vaccine under different circumstances. We developed and populated this model using data reported by the CDC as well as observational studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    Findings: A pan-coronavirus vaccine would be cost saving in the U.S. as a standalone intervention as long as its vaccine efficacy is ≥10% and vaccination coverage is ≥10%. Every 1% increase in efficacy between 10% and 50% could avert an additional 395,000 infections and save $1.0 billion in total societal costs ($45.3 million in productivity losses, $1.1 billion in direct medical costs). It would remain cost saving even when a strain-specific coronavirus vaccine would be subsequently available, as long as it takes at least 2-3 months to develop, test, and bring that more specific vaccine to the market.
    Interpretation: Our results provide support for the development and stockpiling of a pan-coronavirus vaccine and help delineate the vaccine characteristics to aim for in development of such a vaccine.
    Funding: The National Science Foundation, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, and the City University of New York.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-5370
    ISSN (online) 2589-5370
    DOI 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102369
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: A Recombinant Protein XBB.1.5 RBD/Alum/CpG Vaccine Elicits High Neutralizing Antibody Titers against Omicron Subvariants of SARS-CoV-2.

    Thimmiraju, Syamala Rani / Adhikari, Rakesh / Villar, Maria Jose / Lee, Jungsoon / Liu, Zhuyun / Kundu, Rakhi / Chen, Yi-Lin / Sharma, Suman / Ghei, Karm / Keegan, Brian / Versteeg, Leroy / Gillespie, Portia M / Ciciriello, Allan / Islam, Nelufa Y / Poveda, Cristina / Uzcategui, Nestor / Chen, Wen-Hsiang / Kimata, Jason T / Zhan, Bin /
    Strych, Ulrich / Bottazzi, Maria Elena / Hotez, Peter J / Pollet, Jeroen

    Vaccines

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 10

    Abstract: 1) Background: We previously reported the development of a recombinant protein SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, consisting of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide (alum) and CpG oligonucleotides. In ... ...

    Abstract (1) Background: We previously reported the development of a recombinant protein SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, consisting of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide (alum) and CpG oligonucleotides. In mice and non-human primates, our wild-type (WT) RBD vaccine induced high neutralizing antibody titers against the WT isolate of the virus, and, with partners in India and Indonesia, it was later developed into two closely resembling human vaccines, Corbevax and Indovac. Here, we describe the development and characterization of a next-generation vaccine adapted to the recently emerging XBB variants of SARS-CoV-2. (2) Methods: We conducted preclinical studies in mice using a novel yeast-produced SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 RBD subunit vaccine candidate formulated with alum and CpG. We examined the neutralization profile of sera obtained from mice vaccinated twice intramuscularly at a 21-day interval with the XBB.1.5-based RBD vaccine, against WT, Beta, Delta, BA.4, BQ.1.1, BA.2.75.2, XBB.1.16, XBB.1.5, and EG.5.1 SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses. (3) Results: The XBB.1.5 RBD/CpG/alum vaccine elicited a robust antibody response in mice. Furthermore, the serum from vaccinated mice demonstrated potent neutralization against the XBB.1.5 pseudovirus as well as several other Omicron pseudoviruses. However, regardless of the high antibody cross-reactivity with ELISA, the anti-XBB.1.5 RBD antigen serum showed low neutralizing titers against the WT and Delta virus variants. (4) Conclusions: Whereas we observed modest cross-neutralization against Omicron subvariants with the sera from mice vaccinated with the WT RBD/CpG/Alum vaccine or with the BA.4/5-based vaccine, the sera raised against the XBB.1.5 RBD showed robust cross-neutralization. These findings underscore the imminent opportunity for an updated vaccine formulation utilizing the XBB.1.5 RBD antigen.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703319-3
    ISSN 2076-393X
    ISSN 2076-393X
    DOI 10.3390/vaccines11101557
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: An observational assessment of the safety of mass drug administration for trachoma in Ethiopian children.

    Ciciriello, Allan M / Addiss, David G / Teferi, Tesfaye / Emerson, Paul M / Hooper, P J / Seid, Mohammed / Tadesse, Girma / Seife, Fikre / Sormolo, Mohammed-Aman Jemal / Kebede, Fikreab / Kiflu, Genet / West, Sheila K / Alemu, Menbere / LaCon, Genevieve / Gebre, Teshome

    Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

    2022  Volume 116, Issue 10, Page(s) 917–923

    Abstract: Background: The International Trachoma Initiative (ITI) provides azithromycin for mass drug administration (MDA) to eliminate trachoma as a public health problem. Azithromycin is given as tablets for adults and powder for oral suspension (POS) is ... ...

    Abstract Background: The International Trachoma Initiative (ITI) provides azithromycin for mass drug administration (MDA) to eliminate trachoma as a public health problem. Azithromycin is given as tablets for adults and powder for oral suspension (POS) is recommended for children aged <7 y, children <120 cm in height (regardless of age) or anyone who reports difficulty in swallowing tablets. An observational assessment of MDA for trachoma was conducted to determine the frequency with which children aged 6 mo through 14 y received the recommended dose and form of azithromycin according to current dosing guidelines and to assess risk factors for choking and adverse swallowing events (ASEs).
    Methods: MDA was observed in three regions of Ethiopia and data were collected on azithromycin administration and ASEs.
    Results: A total of 6477 azithromycin administrations were observed; 97.9% of children received the exact recommended dose. Of children aged 6 mo to <7 y or <120 cm in height, 99.6% received POS. One child experienced choking and 132 (2%) experienced ≥1 ASEs. Factors significantly associated with ASEs included age 6-11 mo or 1-6 y, non-calm demeanor and requiring coaxing prior to drug administration.
    Conclusions: There is a high level of adherence to the revised azithromycin dosing guidelines and low incidence of choking and ASEs.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Airway Obstruction/drug therapy ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects ; Azithromycin/adverse effects ; Child ; Ethiopia/epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Mass Drug Administration ; Powders/therapeutic use ; Trachoma/drug therapy ; Trachoma/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Powders ; Azithromycin (83905-01-5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 441375-1
    ISSN 1878-3503 ; 0035-9203
    ISSN (online) 1878-3503
    ISSN 0035-9203
    DOI 10.1093/trstmh/trac006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Un I Zs.257: Show issues Location:
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