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Article ; Online: Cellular Immunity of

Cinege, Gyöngyi / Fodor, Kinga / Magyar, Lilla B / Lipinszki, Zoltán / Hultmark, Dan / Andó, István

2024 Volume 13, Issue 7

Abstract: Coevolution of hosts and their parasites has shaped heterogeneity of effector hemocyte types, providing immune defense reactions with variable effectiveness. In this work, we characterize hemocytes ... ...

Abstract	Coevolution of hosts and their parasites has shaped heterogeneity of effector hemocyte types, providing immune defense reactions with variable effectiveness. In this work, we characterize hemocytes of
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Drosophila ; Parasites ; Cell Differentiation ; Phagocytosis ; Immunity, Cellular
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells13070593
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Article ; Online: Distinctive features of

Cinege, Gyöngyi / Magyar, Lilla B / Kovács, Henrietta / Varga, Viktória / Bodai, László / Zsindely, Nóra / Nagy, Gábor / Hegedűs, Zoltán / Hultmark, Dan / Andó, István

Frontiers in immunology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1322381

Abstract: Background: Insects have specialized cell types that participate in the elimination of parasites, for instance, the lamellocytes of the broadly studied species : Methods: Morphological, protein expressional, and functional features of blood cells ... ...

Abstract	Background: Insects have specialized cell types that participate in the elimination of parasites, for instance, the lamellocytes of the broadly studied species Methods: Morphological, protein expressional, and functional features of blood cells were revealed using epifluorescence and confocal microscopy. The respective hemocyte subpopulations were identified using monoclonal antibodies in indirect immunofluorescence assays. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled Results: D. ananassae Conclusion: Our observations provide insights into the broad repertoire of blood cell functions required for efficient defense reactions to maintain the homeostasis of the organism. The analysis of the differentiation and function of multinucleated giant hemocytes gives an insight into the diversification of the immune mechanisms.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Hemocytes ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Cell Differentiation ; Drosophila ; Blood Platelets ; Wasps ; Mammals
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2023.1322381
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Article ; Online: Evolution of insect innate immunity through domestication of bacterial toxins.

Verster, Kirsten I / Cinege, Gyöngyi / Lipinszki, Zoltán / Magyar, Lilla B / Kurucz, Éva / Tarnopol, Rebecca L / Ábrahám, Edit / Darula, Zsuzsanna / Karageorgi, Marianthi / Tamsil, Josephine A / Akalu, Saron M / Andó, István / Whiteman, Noah K

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2023 Volume 120, Issue 16, Page(s) e2218334120

Abstract: Toxin cargo genes are often horizontally transferred by phages between bacterial species and are known to play an important role in the evolution of bacterial pathogenesis. Here, we show how these same genes have been horizontally transferred from phage ... ...

Abstract	Toxin cargo genes are often horizontally transferred by phages between bacterial species and are known to play an important role in the evolution of bacterial pathogenesis. Here, we show how these same genes have been horizontally transferred from phage or bacteria to animals and have resulted in novel adaptations. We discovered that two widespread bacterial genes encoding toxins of animal cells,
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Domestication ; Bacterial Toxins/metabolism ; Drosophila/genetics ; Drosophila/metabolism ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Wasps/metabolism ; Immunity, Innate/genetics
Chemical Substances	Bacterial Toxins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2218334120
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Article: Headcase is a Repressor of Lamellocyte Fate in Drosophila melanogaster.

Varga, Gergely I B / Csordás, Gábor / Cinege, Gyöngyi / Jankovics, Ferenc / Sinka, Rita / Kurucz, Éva / Andó, István / Honti, Viktor

Genes

2019 Volume 10, Issue 3

Abstract: Due to the evolutionary conservation of the regulation of hematopoiesis, ...

Abstract	Due to the evolutionary conservation of the regulation of hematopoiesis,
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics ; Drosophila Proteins/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/enzymology ; Drosophila melanogaster/growth & development ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Hedgehog Proteins/metabolism ; Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism ; Hemolymph/cytology ; Hemolymph/metabolism ; Models, Animal ; Signal Transduction
Chemical Substances	Drosophila Proteins ; Hdc protein, Drosophila ; Hedgehog Proteins ; dpp protein, Drosophila ; hh protein, Drosophila (149291-21-4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2527218-4
ISSN	2073-4425
ISSN	2073-4425
DOI	10.3390/genes10030173
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Article ; Online: Broad Ultrastructural and Transcriptomic Changes Underlie the Multinucleated Giant Hemocyte Mediated Innate Immune Response against Parasitoids.

Cinege, Gyöngyi / Magyar, Lilla B / Kovács, Attila L / Lerner, Zita / Juhász, Gábor / Lukacsovich, David / Winterer, Jochen / Lukacsovich, Tamás / Hegedűs, Zoltán / Kurucz, Éva / Hultmark, Dan / Földy, Csaba / Andó, István

Journal of innate immunity

2021 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) 335–354

Abstract: Multinucleated giant hemocytes (MGHs) represent a novel type of blood cell in insects that participate in a highly efficient immune response against parasitoid wasps involving isolation and killing of the parasite. Previously, we showed that circulating ... ...

Abstract	Multinucleated giant hemocytes (MGHs) represent a novel type of blood cell in insects that participate in a highly efficient immune response against parasitoid wasps involving isolation and killing of the parasite. Previously, we showed that circulating MGHs have high motility and the interaction with the parasitoid rapidly triggers encapsulation. However, structural and molecular mechanisms behind these processes remained elusive. Here, we used detailed ultrastructural analysis and live cell imaging of MGHs to study encapsulation in Drosophila ananassae after parasitoid wasp infection. We found dynamic structural changes, mainly driven by the formation of diverse vesicular systems and newly developed complex intracytoplasmic membrane structures, and abundant generation of giant cell exosomes in MGHs. In addition, we used RNA sequencing to study the transcriptomic profile of MGHs and activated plasmatocytes 72 h after infection, as well as the uninduced blood cells. This revealed that differentiation of MGHs was accompanied by broad changes in gene expression. Consistent with the observed structural changes, transcripts related to vesicular function, cytoskeletal organization, and adhesion were enriched in MGHs. In addition, several orphan genes encoding for hemolysin-like proteins, pore-forming toxins of prokaryotic origin, were expressed at high level, which may be important for parasitoid elimination. Our results reveal coordinated molecular and structural changes in the course of MGH differentiation and parasitoid encapsulation, providing a mechanistic model for a powerful innate immune response.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Drosophila ; Hemocytes ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Immunity, Innate ; Transcriptome ; Wasps/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2454158-8
ISSN	1662-8128 ; 1662-811X
ISSN (online)	1662-8128
ISSN	1662-811X
DOI	10.1159/000520110
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Article ; Online: Identification of reference markers for characterizing honey bee (Apis mellifera) hemocyte classes.

Gábor, Erika / Cinege, Gyöngyi / Csordás, Gábor / Rusvai, Miklós / Honti, Viktor / Kolics, Balázs / Török, Tibor / Williams, Michael J / Kurucz, Éva / Andó, István

Developmental and comparative immunology

2020 Volume 109, Page(s) 103701

Abstract: Cell mediated immunity of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) involves the activity of several hemocyte populations, currently defined by morphological features and lectin binding characteristics. The objective of the present study was to identify molecular ... ...

Abstract	Cell mediated immunity of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) involves the activity of several hemocyte populations, currently defined by morphological features and lectin binding characteristics. The objective of the present study was to identify molecular markers capable of characterizing subsets of honey bee hemocytes. We developed and employed monoclonal antibodies with restricted reactions to functionally distinct hemocyte subpopulations. Melanizing cells, known as oenocytoids, were defined by an antibody to prophenoloxidase, aggregating cells were identified by the expression of Hemolectin, and phagocytic cells were identified by a marker expressed on granulocytes. We anticipate that this combination of antibodies not only allows for the detection of functionally distinct hemocyte subtypes, but will help to further the exploration of hematopoietic compartments, as well as reveal details of the honey bee cellular immune defense against parasites and microbes.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/analysis ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Bees/cytology ; Bees/immunology ; Bees/microbiology ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Escherichia coli/immunology ; Hemocytes/cytology ; Hemocytes/immunology ; Hemocytes/microbiology ; Hemolymph/cytology ; Hemolymph/immunology ; Hemolymph/microbiology ; Larva/cytology ; Larva/immunology ; Larva/microbiology ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Phagocytosis/immunology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	752411-0
ISSN	1879-0089 ; 0145-305X
ISSN (online)	1879-0089
ISSN	0145-305X
DOI	10.1016/j.dci.2020.103701
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Article ; Online: Hemolectin expression reveals functional heterogeneity in honey bee (Apis mellifera) hemocytes.

Gábor, Erika / Cinege, Gyöngyi / Csordás, Gábor / Török, Tibor / Folkl-Medzihradszky, Katalin / Darula, Zsuzsanna / Andó, István / Kurucz, Éva

Developmental and comparative immunology

2017 Volume 76, Page(s) 403–411

Abstract: The identification of molecular markers considerably facilitated the classification and functional analysis of blood cell types. Apis mellifera hemocytes have been classified by morphological criteria and lectin binding properties; however, the use of ... ...

Abstract	The identification of molecular markers considerably facilitated the classification and functional analysis of blood cell types. Apis mellifera hemocytes have been classified by morphological criteria and lectin binding properties; however, the use of molecular markers has been minimal. Here we describe a monoclonal antibody to a non-phagocytic subpopulation of A. mellifera hemocytes and to a constituent of the hemolymph clot. We demonstrate that the antibody identifies the A. mellifera hemolectin, a protein carrying human von Willebrand factor homology domains, characteristic of proteins involved in blood coagulation and platelet aggregation in mammals. Hemolectin expressing A. mellifera hemocytes contain the protein as cytoplasmic granules and contribute to the formation of a protein matrix, building up around foreign particles. Consequently, hemolectin as a marker molecule reveals a clear functional heterogeneity of hemocytes, allowing for the analytical separation of hemocyte classes, and could promote the molecular identification of hemocyte lineages in A. mellifera.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	752411-0
ISSN	1879-0089 ; 0145-305X
ISSN (online)	1879-0089
ISSN	0145-305X
DOI	10.1016/j.dci.2017.07.013
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Article ; Online: Cellular Immune Response Involving Multinucleated Giant Hemocytes with Two-Step Genome Amplification in the Drosophilid Zaprionus indianus.

Cinege, Gyöngyi / Lerner, Zita / Magyar, Lilla B / Soós, Bálint / Tóth, Renáta / Kristó, Ildikó / Vilmos, Péter / Juhász, Gábor / Kovács, Attila L / Hegedűs, Zoltán / Sensen, Christoph W / Kurucz, Éva / Andó, István

Journal of innate immunity

2019 Volume 12, Issue 3, Page(s) 257–272

Abstract: Previously, a novel cell type, the multinucleated giant hemocyte (MGH) was identified in the ananassae subgroup of Drosophilidae. These cells share several features with mammalian multinucleated giant cells, a syncytium of macrophages formed during ... ...

Abstract	Previously, a novel cell type, the multinucleated giant hemocyte (MGH) was identified in the ananassae subgroup of Drosophilidae. These cells share several features with mammalian multinucleated giant cells, a syncytium of macrophages formed during granulomatous inflammation. We were able to show that MGHs also differentiate in Zaprionus indianus, an invasive species belonging to the vittiger subgroup of the family, highly resistant to a large number of parasitoid wasp species. We have classified the MGHs of Z. indianusas giant hemocytes belonging to a class of cells which also include elongated blood cells carrying a single nucleus and anuclear structures. They are involved in encapsulating parasites, originate from the lymph gland, can develop by cell fusion, and generally carry many nuclei, while possessing an elaborated system of canals and sinuses, resulting in a spongiform appearance. Their nuclei are all transcriptionally active and show accretion of genetic material. Multinucleation and accumulation of the genetic material in the giant hemocytes represents a two-stage amplification of the genome, while their spongy ultrastructure substantially increases the contact surface with the extracellular space. These features may furnish the giant hemocytes with a considerable metabolic advantage, hence contributing to the mechanism of the effective immune response.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Drosophilidae/genetics ; Drosophilidae/immunology ; Genome, Insect ; Giant Cells/immunology ; Hemocytes/immunology ; Immunity, Cellular
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2454158-8
ISSN	1662-8128 ; 1662-811X
ISSN (online)	1662-8128
ISSN	1662-811X
DOI	10.1159/000502646
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Article ; Online: The raspberry Gene Is Involved in the Regulation of the Cellular Immune Response in Drosophila melanogaster.

Kari, Beáta / Csordás, Gábor / Honti, Viktor / Cinege, Gyöngyi / Williams, Michael J / Andó, István / Kurucz, Éva

PloS one

2016 Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) e0150910

Abstract: Drosophila is an extremely useful model organism for understanding how innate immune mechanisms defend against microbes and parasitoids. Large foreign objects trigger a potent cellular immune response in Drosophila larva. In the case of endoparasitoid ... ...

Abstract	Drosophila is an extremely useful model organism for understanding how innate immune mechanisms defend against microbes and parasitoids. Large foreign objects trigger a potent cellular immune response in Drosophila larva. In the case of endoparasitoid wasp eggs, this response includes hemocyte proliferation, lamellocyte differentiation and eventual encapsulation of the egg. The encapsulation reaction involves the attachment and spreading of hemocytes around the egg, which requires cytoskeletal rearrangements, changes in adhesion properties and cell shape, as well as melanization of the capsule. Guanine nucleotide metabolism has an essential role in the regulation of pathways necessary for this encapsulation response. Here, we show that the Drosophila inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), encoded by raspberry (ras), is centrally important for a proper cellular immune response against eggs from the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina boulardi. Notably, hemocyte attachment to the egg and subsequent melanization of the capsule are deficient in hypomorphic ras mutant larvae, which results in a compromised cellular immune response and increased survival of the parasitoid.
MeSH term(s)	Alleles ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics ; Drosophila Proteins/immunology ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/immunology ; Drosophila melanogaster/parasitology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Guanine/chemistry ; Hemocytes/cytology ; Host-Parasite Interactions/immunology ; IMP Dehydrogenase/genetics ; IMP Dehydrogenase/immunology ; Immunity, Cellular ; Larva/immunology ; Mutation ; RNA Interference ; Wasps
Chemical Substances	Drosophila Proteins ; Guanine (5Z93L87A1R) ; IMP Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.205) ; ras protein, Drosophila (EC 1.1.1.205)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-03-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0150910
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Article: A vapBC‐type toxin–antitoxin module of Sinorhizobium meliloti influences symbiotic efficiency and nodule senescence of Medicago sativa

Lipuma, Justine / Cinege, Gyöngyi / Bodogai, Monica / Oláh, Boglárka / Kiers, Aurélie / Endre, Gabriella / Dupont, Laurence / Dusha, Ilona

Environmental microbiology. 2014 Dec., v. 16, no. 12

2014

Abstract: The symbiotic nitrogen‐fixing soil bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti carries a large number of toxin–antitoxin (TA) modules both on the chromosome and megaplasmids. One of them, the vapBC‐5 module that belongs to the type II systems was characterized here. ...

Abstract	The symbiotic nitrogen‐fixing soil bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti carries a large number of toxin–antitoxin (TA) modules both on the chromosome and megaplasmids. One of them, the vapBC‐5 module that belongs to the type II systems was characterized here. It encodes an active toxin vapC‐5, and was shown to be controlled negatively by the complex of its own proteins. Different mutants of the vapBC‐5 genes exhibited diverse effects on symbiotic efficiency during interaction with the host plant Medicago sativa. The absence of the entire vapBC‐5 region had no influence on nodule formation and nitrogen fixation properties. The strain carrying an insertion in the antitoxin gene showed a reduced nitrogen fixation capacity resulting in a lower plant yield. In contrast, when the toxin gene was mutated, the strain developed more efficient symbiosis with the host plant. The nitrogen fixing root nodules had a delayed senescent phenotype and contained elevated level of plant‐derived molecules characteristic of later steps of nodule development. The longer bacteroid viability and abundance of active nitrogen fixing zone resulted in increased production of plant material. These data indicate that modification of the toxin/antitoxin production may influence bacteroid metabolism and may have an impact on the adaptation to changing environmental conditions.
Keywords	Medicago sativa ; Sinorhizobium meliloti ; antitoxins ; chromosomes ; environmental factors ; genes ; host plants ; metabolism ; mutants ; nitrogen fixation ; phenotype ; plasmids ; proteins ; root nodules ; senescence ; soil bacteria ; symbiosis ; viability
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-12
Size	p. 3714-3729.
Publishing place	Blackwell Science
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2020213-1
ISSN	1462-2920 ; 1462-2912
ISSN (online)	1462-2920
ISSN	1462-2912
DOI	10.1111/1462-2920.12608
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