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  1. Article ; Online: Reaching the target dose with one single

    Fiz, Francesco / Cirone, Alessio / Righi, Sergio / Massollo, Michela / Amoroso, Loredana / Bottoni, Gianluca / Conte, Massimo / Gambaro, Monica / Massone, Federico / Orengo, Stefano / Bruzzone, Guido Semino / Sorrentino, Stefania / Garaventa, Alberto / Piccardo, Arnoldo

    Pediatric blood & cancer

    2023  Volume 71, Issue 3, Page(s) e30806

    Abstract: Background: 131: Materials and methods: Children affected by metastatic NB and treated with a high : Results: Seventeen children (12 females, median age 3 years, age range: 1.5-6.9 years) were included. Eleven of them still bore the primary tumour. ...

    Abstract Background: 131
    Materials and methods: Children affected by metastatic NB and treated with a high
    Results: Seventeen children (12 females, median age 3 years, age range: 1.5-6.9 years) were included. Eleven of them still bore the primary tumour. The median whole-body dose was 2.88 Gy (range: 1.63-4.22 Gy). Children with a 'bulky' primary (>30 mL) received a higher whole-body dose than those with smaller or surgically removed primaries (3.42 ± 0.74 vs. 2.48 ± 0.65 Gy, respectively, p = .016). Conversely, the correlation between activity/kg and the whole-body dose was moderate (R: 0.42, p = .093). In the multivariate analysis, the volume of the primary tumour was the most relevant predictor of the whole-body dose (p = .002).
    Conclusions: These data suggest that the presence of a bulky primary tumour can significantly prolong the
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Child, Preschool ; Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use ; Radiometry ; Retrospective Studies ; 3-Iodobenzylguanidine/therapeutic use ; Neuroblastoma/pathology ; Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Radiopharmaceuticals ; 3-Iodobenzylguanidine (35MRW7B4AD) ; Iodine Radioisotopes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2131448-2
    ISSN 1545-5017 ; 1545-5009
    ISSN (online) 1545-5017
    ISSN 1545-5009
    DOI 10.1002/pbc.30806
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    Zs.A 1131: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Magnetic coupling to the advanced Virgo payloads and its impact on the low frequency sensitivity.

    Cirone, A / Chincarini, A / Neri, M / Farinon, S / Gemme, G / Fiori, I / Paoletti, F / Majorana, E / Puppo, P / Rapagnani, P / Ruggi, P / Swinkels, B L

    The Review of scientific instruments

    2018  Volume 89, Issue 11, Page(s) 114501

    Abstract: We study the electromagnetic coupling of the Advanced Virgo (AdV) input mirror payload in response to a slowly time-varying magnetic field. As the problem is not amenable to analytical solution, we employ and validate a finite element (FE) analysis ... ...

    Abstract We study the electromagnetic coupling of the Advanced Virgo (AdV) input mirror payload in response to a slowly time-varying magnetic field. As the problem is not amenable to analytical solution, we employ and validate a finite element (FE) analysis approach. The FE model is built to represent as faithfully as possible the real object, and it has been validated by comparison with experimental measurements. The intent is to estimate the induced currents and the magnetic field in the neighbourhood of the payload. The procedure found 21 equivalent electrical configurations that are compatible with the measurements. These have been used to compute the magnetic noise contribution to the total AdV strain noise. At the current stage of development, AdV seems to be unaffected by magnetic noise, but we foresee a non-negligible coupling once AdV reaches the design sensitivity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209865-9
    ISSN 1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
    ISSN (online) 1089-7623
    ISSN 0034-6748
    DOI 10.1063/1.5045397
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  3. Article ; Online: Diagnostic and Dosimetry Features of [

    Fiz, Francesco / Bottoni, Gianluca / Ugolini, Martina / Righi, Sergio / Cirone, Alessio / Garganese, Maria Carmen / Verrico, Antonio / Rossi, Andrea / Milanaccio, Claudia / Ramaglia, Antonia / Mastronuzzi, Angela / Abate, Massimo Eraldo / Cacchione, Antonella / Gandolfo, Carlo / Colafati, Giovanna Stefania / Garrè, Maria Luisa / Morana, Giovanni / Piccardo, Arnoldo

    Molecular imaging and biology

    2022  Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) 391–400

    Abstract: Purpose of the report: Paediatric diffuse high-grade gliomas (PDHGG) are rare central nervous system neoplasms lacking effective therapeutic options. Molecular imaging of tumour metabolism might identify novel diagnostic/therapeutic targets. In this ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of the report: Paediatric diffuse high-grade gliomas (PDHGG) are rare central nervous system neoplasms lacking effective therapeutic options. Molecular imaging of tumour metabolism might identify novel diagnostic/therapeutic targets. In this study, we evaluated the distribution and the dosimetry aspects of [
    Material and methods: Paediatric patients with PDHGG were prospectively recruited. [
    Results: Ten patients were enrolled (median age 9, range 6-16 years, 6 females). Diagnoses were diffuse midline gliomas (n = 8, 5 of which with H3K27 alterations) and diffuse hemispheric gliomas (n = 2). Six patients had visible tracer uptake (SUV: 1.0 ± 0.6 TBR: 5 ± 3.1). [
    Conclusions: [
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Child ; Adolescent ; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods ; Copper ; Glioma/pathology ; Copper Radioisotopes ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods
    Chemical Substances Copper (789U1901C5) ; Copper Radioisotopes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2079160-4
    ISSN 1860-2002 ; 1536-1632
    ISSN (online) 1860-2002
    ISSN 1536-1632
    DOI 10.1007/s11307-022-01769-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 6468: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: The role of the deep convolutional neural network as an aid to interpreting brain [

    Piccardo, Arnoldo / Cappuccio, Roberto / Bottoni, Gianluca / Cecchin, Diego / Mazzella, Luca / Cirone, Alessio / Righi, Sergio / Ugolini, Martina / Bianchi, Pietro / Bertolaccini, Pietro / Lorenzini, Elena / Massollo, Michela / Castaldi, Antonio / Fiz, Francesco / Strada, Laura / Cistaro, Angelina / Del Sette, Massimo

    European radiology

    2021  Volume 31, Issue 9, Page(s) 7003–7011

    Abstract: Objectives: To test the performance of a 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) in analysing brain [: Methods: We analyzed patients who had undergone [: Results: Ninety-eight patients were enrolled: 43 presented nigro-striatal degeneration and 55 ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To test the performance of a 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) in analysing brain [
    Methods: We analyzed patients who had undergone [
    Results: Ninety-eight patients were enrolled: 43 presented nigro-striatal degeneration and 55 negative cases used as controls. After training on 69 patients, the diagnostic performance of the 3D CNN was then calculated in 29 patients. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and accuracy were 100%, 89%, 100%, 85% and 93%, respectively. When we compared the 3D CNN results with the SOR analysis, we found that the two patients falsely classified as positive by the 3D CNN procedure showed SOR values ≤ 5
    Conclusions: 3D CNNs are able to interpret [
    Key points: • [
    MeSH term(s) Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Dihydroxyphenylalanine ; Humans ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Parkinson Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography
    Chemical Substances Dihydroxyphenylalanine (63-84-3)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-08
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1085366-2
    ISSN 1432-1084 ; 0938-7994 ; 1613-3749
    ISSN (online) 1432-1084
    ISSN 0938-7994 ; 1613-3749
    DOI 10.1007/s00330-021-07779-z
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  5. Article ; Online: Quantum Backaction on kg-Scale Mirrors: Observation of Radiation Pressure Noise in the Advanced Virgo Detector.

    Acernese, F / Agathos, M / Aiello, L / Ain, A / Allocca, A / Amato, A / Ansoldi, S / Antier, S / Arène, M / Arnaud, N / Ascenzi, S / Astone, P / Aubin, F / Babak, S / Badaracco, F / Bader, M K M / Bagnasco, S / Baird, J / Ballardin, G /
    Baltus, G / Barbieri, C / Barneo, P / Barone, F / Barsuglia, M / Barta, D / Basti, A / Bawaj, M / Bazzan, M / Bejger, M / Belahcene, I / Bernuzzi, S / Bersanetti, D / Bertolini, A / Bischi, M / Bitossi, M / Bizouard, M-A / Blanch, O / Bobba, F / Boer, M / Bogaert, G / Boldrini, M / Bondu, F / Bonnand, R / Boom, B A / Boschi, V / Boudart, V / Bouffanais, Y / Bozzi, A / Bradaschia, C / Branchesi, M / Breschi, M / Briant, T / Brighenti, F / Brillet, A / Brooks, J / Bruno, G / Bulik, T / Bulten, H J / Buskulic, D / Cagnoli, G / Calloni, E / Canepa, M / Carapella, G / Carbognani, F / Carpinelli, M / Carullo, G / Diaz, J Casanueva / Casentini, C / Caudill, S / Cavalier, F / Cavalieri, R / Cella, G / Cerdá-Durán, P / Cesarini, E / Chaibi, W / Chanial, P / Chassande-Mottin, E / Chiadini, F / Chierici, R / Chincarini, A / Chiummo, A / Christensen, N / Chua, S / Ciani, G / Ciecielag, P / Cieślar, M / Cifaldi, M / Ciolfi, R / Cipriano, F / Cirone, A / Clesse, S / Cleva, F / Coccia, E / Cohadon, P-F / Cohen, D E / Colpi, M / Conti, L / Cordero-Carrión, I / Corezzi, S / Corre, D / Cortese, S / Coulon, J-P / Croquette, M / Cudell, J R / Cuoco, E / Curylo, M / D'Angelo, B / D'Antonio, S / D'Onofrio, L / D'Urso, D / Canton, T Dal / Dattilo, V / Davier, M / De Laurentis, M / De Matteis, F / De Pietri, R / De Rosa, R / De Rossi, C / Degallaix, J / Del Pozzo, W / Deléglise, S / Depasse, A / Di Fiore, L / Di Giorgio, C / Di Giovanni, F / Di Giovanni, M / Di Girolamo, T / Di Lieto, A / Di Pace, S / Di Palma, I / Di Renzo, F / Dietrich, T / Drago, M / Ducoin, J-G / Durante, O / Duverne, P-A / Eisenmann, M / Errico, L / Estevez, D / Fafone, V / Farinon, S / Fays, M / Feng, F / Fenyvesi, E / Ferrante, I / Fidecaro, F / Figura, P / Fiori, I / Fiorucci, D / Fittipaldi, R / Fiumara, V / Flaminio, R / Font, J A / Fournier, J-D / Frasca, S / Frasconi, F / Frey, V / Fronzé, G G / Gamba, R / Garaventa, B / Garufi, F / Gemme, G / Gennai, A / Ghosh, Archisman / Giacomazzo, B / Giacoppo, L / Giri, P / Gosselin, M / Gouaty, R / Grado, A / Granata, M / Granata, V / Greco, G / Grignani, G / Grimaldi, A / Grimm, S J / Gruning, P / Guidi, G M / Guixé, G / Guo, Y / Gupta, P / Haegel, L / Halim, O / Hannuksela, O / Harder, T / Haris, K / Harms, J / Heidmann, A / Heitmann, H / Hello, P / Hemming, G / Hennes, E / Hofman, D / Hui, V / Idzkowski, B / Iess, A / Intini, G / Jacqmin, T / Janssens, K / Jaranowski, P / Jonker, R J G / Karathanasis, C / Katsanevas, S / Kéfélian, F / Khan, I / Khetan, N / Koekoek, G / Koley, S / Kolstein, M / Królak, A / La Rosa, I / Laghi, D / Lamberts, A / Lartaux-Vollard, A / Lazzaro, C / Leaci, P / Leroy, N / Letendre, N / Linde, F / Llorens-Monteagudo, M / Longo, A / Lorenzini, M / Loriette, V / Losurdo, G / Lumaca, D / Macquet, A / Magazzù, C / Majorana, E / Maksimovic, I / Man, N / Mangano, V / Mantovani, M / Mapelli, M / Marchesoni, F / Marion, F / Marquina, A / Marsat, S / Martelli, F / Martinez, M / Martinez, V / Masserot, A / Mastrogiovanni, S / Menendez-Vazquez, A / Mereni, L / Merzougui, M / Metzdorff, R / Miani, A / Michel, C / Milano, L / Miller, A / Milotti, E / Minazzoli, O / Minenkov, Y / Mir, Ll M / Montani, M / Morawski, F / Mours, B / Muciaccia, F / Nagar, A / Nardecchia, I / Naticchioni, L / Neilson, J / Nelemans, G / Nguyen, C / Nissanke, S / Nocera, F / Oganesyan, G / Olivetto, C / Pagano, G / Pagliaroli, G / Palomba, C / Pang, T H / Pannarale, F / Paoletti, F / Paoli, A / Paolone, A / Pascucci, D / Pasqualetti, A / Passaquieti, R / Passuello, D / Patricelli, B / Pegoraro, M / Perego, A / Périgois, C / Perreca, A / Perriès, S / Phukon, K S / Piccinni, O J / Pichot, M / Piendibene, M / Piergiovanni, F / Pierini, L / Pierro, V / Pillant, G / Pilo, F / Pinard, L / Pinto, I M / Piotrzkowski, K / Placidi, E / Plastino, W / Poggiani, R / Polini, E / Popolizio, P / Porter, E K / Pracchia, M / Principe, M / Prodi, G A / Prosposito, P / Puecher, A / Punturo, M / Puosi, F / Puppo, P / Raaijmakers, G / Radulesco, N / Rapagnani, P / Razzano, M / Regimbau, T / Rei, L / Rettegno, P / Ricci, F / Riemenschneider, G / Robinet, F / Rocchi, A / Rolland, L / Romanelli, M / Romano, R / Romero, A / Ronchini, S / Rosińska, D / Ruggi, P / Salafia, O S / Salconi, L / Samajdar, A / Sanchis-Gual, N / Santos, E / Sassolas, B / Sauter, O / Sayah, S / Seglar-Arroyo, M / Sentenac, D / Sequino, V / Sharma, A / Sieniawska, M / Singh, N / Singhal, A / Sipala, V / Sordini, V / Sorrentino, F / Sorrentino, N / Soulard, R / Spera, M / Stachie, C / Steer, D A / Stratta, G / Sur, A / Swinkels, B L / Tacca, M / Tanasijczuk, A J / Martin, E N Tapia San / Tonelli, M / Torres-Forné, A / Tosta E Melo, I / Trapananti, A / Travasso, F / Tringali, M C / Trovato, A / Tsang, K W / Turconi, M / Valentini, M / van Bakel, N / van Beuzekom, M / van den Brand, J F J / Van Den Broeck, C / van der Schaaf, L / Vardaro, M / Vasúth, M / Vedovato, G / Verkindt, D / Vetrano, F / Viceré, A / Vinet, J-Y / Vocca, H / Walet, R C / Was, M / Zadrożny, A / Zelenova, T / Zendri, J-P / Mehmet, M / Vahlbruch, H / Lück, H / Danzmann, K

    Physical review letters

    2020  Volume 125, Issue 13, Page(s) 131101

    Abstract: The quantum radiation pressure and the quantum shot noise in laser-interferometric gravitational wave detectors constitute a macroscopic manifestation of the Heisenberg inequality. If quantum shot noise can be easily observed, the observation of quantum ... ...

    Abstract The quantum radiation pressure and the quantum shot noise in laser-interferometric gravitational wave detectors constitute a macroscopic manifestation of the Heisenberg inequality. If quantum shot noise can be easily observed, the observation of quantum radiation pressure noise has been elusive, so far, due to the technical noise competing with quantum effects. Here, we discuss the evidence of quantum radiation pressure noise in the Advanced Virgo gravitational wave detector. In our experiment, we inject squeezed vacuum states of light into the interferometer in order to manipulate the quantum backaction on the 42 kg mirrors and observe the corresponding quantum noise driven displacement at frequencies between 30 and 70 Hz. The experimental data, obtained in various interferometer configurations, is tested against the Advanced Virgo detector quantum noise model which confirmed the measured magnitude of quantum radiation pressure noise.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.131101
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  6. Article ; Online: Increasing the Astrophysical Reach of the Advanced Virgo Detector via the Application of Squeezed Vacuum States of Light.

    Acernese, F / Agathos, M / Aiello, L / Allocca, A / Amato, A / Ansoldi, S / Antier, S / Arène, M / Arnaud, N / Ascenzi, S / Astone, P / Aubin, F / Babak, S / Bacon, P / Badaracco, F / Bader, M K M / Baird, J / Baldaccini, F / Ballardin, G /
    Baltus, G / Barbieri, C / Barneo, P / Barone, F / Barsuglia, M / Barta, D / Basti, A / Bawaj, M / Bazzan, M / Bejger, M / Belahcene, I / Bernuzzi, S / Bersanetti, D / Bertolini, A / Bischi, M / Bitossi, M / Bizouard, M A / Bobba, F / Boer, M / Bogaert, G / Bondu, F / Bonnand, R / Boom, B A / Boschi, V / Bouffanais, Y / Bozzi, A / Bradaschia, C / Branchesi, M / Breschi, M / Briant, T / Brighenti, F / Brillet, A / Brooks, J / Bruno, G / Bulik, T / Bulten, H J / Buskulic, D / Cagnoli, G / Calloni, E / Canepa, M / Carapella, G / Carbognani, F / Carullo, G / Casanueva Diaz, J / Casentini, C / Castañeda, J / Caudill, S / Cavalier, F / Cavalieri, R / Cella, G / Cerdá-Durán, P / Cesarini, E / Chaibi, O / Chassande-Mottin, E / Chiadini, F / Chierici, R / Chincarini, A / Chiummo, A / Christensen, N / Chua, S / Ciani, G / Ciecielag, P / Cieślar, M / Ciolfi, R / Cipriano, F / Cirone, A / Clesse, S / Cleva, F / Coccia, E / Cohadon, P-F / Cohen, D / Colpi, M / Conti, L / Cordero-Carrión, I / Corezzi, S / Corre, D / Cortese, S / Coulon, J-P / Croquette, M / Cudell, J-R / Cuoco, E / Curylo, M / D'Angelo, B / D'Antonio, S / Dattilo, V / Davier, M / Degallaix, J / De Laurentis, M / Deléglise, S / Del Pozzo, W / De Pietri, R / De Rosa, R / De Rossi, C / Dietrich, T / Di Fiore, L / Di Giorgio, C / Di Giovanni, F / Di Giovanni, M / Di Girolamo, T / Di Lieto, A / Di Pace, S / Di Palma, I / Di Renzo, F / Drago, M / Ducoin, J-G / Durante, O / D'Urso, D / Eisenmann, M / Errico, L / Estevez, D / Fafone, V / Farinon, S / Feng, F / Fenyvesi, E / Ferrante, I / Fidecaro, F / Fiori, I / Fiorucci, D / Fittipaldi, R / Fiumara, V / Flaminio, R / Font, J A / Fournier, J-D / Frasca, S / Frasconi, F / Frey, V / Fronzè, G / Garufi, F / Gemme, G / Genin, E / Gennai, A / Ghosh, Archisman / Giacomazzo, B / Gosselin, M / Gouaty, R / Grado, A / Granata, M / Greco, G / Grignani, G / Grimaldi, A / Grimm, S J / Gruning, P / Guidi, G M / Guixé, G / Guo, Y / Gupta, P / Halim, O / Harder, T / Harms, J / Heidmann, A / Heitmann, H / Hello, P / Hemming, G / Hennes, E / Hinderer, T / Hofman, D / Huet, D / Hui, V / Idzkowski, B / Iess, A / Intini, G / Isac, J-M / Jacqmin, T / Jaranowski, P / Jonker, R J G / Katsanevas, S / Kéfélian, F / Khan, I / Khetan, N / Koekoek, G / Koley, S / Królak, A / Kutynia, A / Laghi, D / Lamberts, A / La Rosa, I / Lartaux-Vollard, A / Lazzaro, C / Leaci, P / Leroy, N / Letendre, N / Linde, F / Llorens-Monteagudo, M / Longo, A / Lorenzini, M / Loriette, V / Losurdo, G / Lumaca, D / Macquet, A / Majorana, E / Maksimovic, I / Man, N / Mangano, V / Mantovani, M / Mapelli, M / Marchesoni, F / Marion, F / Marquina, A / Marsat, S / Martelli, F / Martinez, V / Masserot, A / Mastrogiovanni, S / Mejuto Villa, E / Mereni, L / Merzougui, M / Metzdorff, R / Miani, A / Michel, C / Milano, L / Miller, A / Milotti, E / Minazzoli, O / Minenkov, Y / Montani, M / Morawski, F / Mours, B / Muciaccia, F / Nagar, A / Nardecchia, I / Naticchioni, L / Neilson, J / Nelemans, G / Nguyen, C / Nichols, D / Nissanke, S / Nocera, F / Oganesyan, G / Olivetto, C / Pagano, G / Pagliaroli, G / Palomba, C / Pang, P T H / Pannarale, F / Paoletti, F / Paoli, A / Pascucci, D / Pasqualetti, A / Passaquieti, R / Passuello, D / Patricelli, B / Perego, A / Pegoraro, M / Périgois, C / Perreca, A / Perriès, S / Phukon, K S / Piccinni, O J / Pichot, M / Piendibene, M / Piergiovanni, F / Pierro, V / Pillant, G / Pinard, L / Pinto, I M / Piotrzkowski, K / Plastino, W / Poggiani, R / Popolizio, P / Porter, E K / Prevedelli, M / Principe, M / Prodi, G A / Punturo, M / Puppo, P / Raaijmakers, G / Radulesco, N / Rapagnani, P / Razzano, M / Regimbau, T / Rei, L / Rettegno, P / Ricci, F / Riemenschneider, G / Robinet, F / Rocchi, A / Rolland, L / Romanelli, M / Romano, R / Rosińska, D / Ruggi, P / Salafia, O S / Salconi, L / Samajdar, A / Sanchis-Gual, N / Santos, E / Sassolas, B / Sauter, O / Sayah, S / Sentenac, D / Sequino, V / Sharma, A / Sieniawska, M / Singh, N / Singhal, A / Sipala, V / Sordini, V / Sorrentino, F / Spera, M / Stachie, C / Steer, D A / Stratta, G / Sur, A / Swinkels, B L / Tacca, M / Tanasijczuk, A J / Tapia San Martin, E N / Tiwari, S / Tonelli, M / Torres-Forné, A / Tosta E Melo, I / Travasso, F / Tringali, M C / Trovato, A / Tsang, K W / Turconi, M / Valentini, M / van Bakel, N / van Beuzekom, M / van den Brand, J F J / Van Den Broeck, C / van der Schaaf, L / Vardaro, M / Vasúth, M / Vedovato, G / Verkindt, D / Vetrano, F / Viceré, A / Vinet, J-Y / Vocca, H / Walet, R / Was, M / Zadrożny, A / Zelenova, T / Zendri, J-P / Vahlbruch, Henning / Mehmet, Moritz / Lück, Harald / Danzmann, Karsten

    Physical review letters

    2019  Volume 123, Issue 23, Page(s) 231108

    Abstract: Current interferometric gravitational-wave detectors are limited by quantum noise over a wide range of their measurement bandwidth. One method to overcome the quantum limit is the injection of squeezed vacuum states of light into the interferometer's ... ...

    Abstract Current interferometric gravitational-wave detectors are limited by quantum noise over a wide range of their measurement bandwidth. One method to overcome the quantum limit is the injection of squeezed vacuum states of light into the interferometer's dark port. Here, we report on the successful application of this quantum technology to improve the shot noise limited sensitivity of the Advanced Virgo gravitational-wave detector. A sensitivity enhancement of up to 3.2±0.1  dB beyond the shot noise limit is achieved. This nonclassical improvement corresponds to a 5%-8% increase of the binary neutron star horizon. The squeezing injection was fully automated and over the first 5 months of the third joint LIGO-Virgo observation run O3 squeezing was applied for more than 99% of the science time. During this period several gravitational-wave candidates have been recorded.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.231108
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Search for Subsolar-Mass Binaries in the First Half of Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's Third Observing Run.

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    Physical review letters

    2022  Volume 129, Issue 6, Page(s) 61104

    Abstract: We report on a search for compact binary coalescences where at least one binary component has a mass between 0.2  M_{⊙} and 1.0  M_{⊙} in Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo data collected between 1 April 2019 1500 UTC and 1 October 2019 1500 UTC. We extend ...

    Abstract We report on a search for compact binary coalescences where at least one binary component has a mass between 0.2  M_{⊙} and 1.0  M_{⊙} in Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo data collected between 1 April 2019 1500 UTC and 1 October 2019 1500 UTC. We extend our previous analyses in two main ways: we include data from the Virgo detector and we allow for more unequal mass systems, with mass ratio q≥0.1. We do not report any gravitational-wave candidates. The most significant trigger has a false alarm rate of 0.14  yr^{-1}. This implies an upper limit on the merger rate of subsolar binaries in the range [220-24200]  Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}, depending on the chirp mass of the binary. We use this upper limit to derive astrophysical constraints on two phenomenological models that could produce subsolar-mass compact objects. One is an isotropic distribution of equal-mass primordial black holes. Using this model, we find that the fraction of dark matter in primordial black holes in the mass range 0.2  M_{⊙}<m_{PBH}<1.0  M_{⊙} is f_{PBH}≡Ω_{PBH}/Ω_{DM}≲6%. This improves existing constraints on primordial black hole abundance by a factor of ∼3. The other is a dissipative dark matter model, in which fermionic dark matter can collapse and form black holes. The upper limit on the fraction of dark matter black holes depends on the minimum mass of the black holes that can be formed: the most constraining result is obtained at M_{min}=1  M_{⊙}, where f_{DBH}≡Ω_{DBH}/Ω_{DM}≲0.003%. These are the first constraints placed on dissipative dark models by subsolar-mass analyses.<br />
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.061104
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of 150  M_{⊙}.

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    Physical review letters

    2021  Volume 125, Issue 10, Page(s) 101102

    Abstract: On May 21, 2019 at 03:02:29 UTC Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo observed a short duration gravitational-wave signal, GW190521, with a three-detector network signal-to-noise ratio of 14.7, and an estimated false-alarm rate of 1 in 4900 yr using a search ... ...

    Abstract On May 21, 2019 at 03:02:29 UTC Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo observed a short duration gravitational-wave signal, GW190521, with a three-detector network signal-to-noise ratio of 14.7, and an estimated false-alarm rate of 1 in 4900 yr using a search sensitive to generic transients. If GW190521 is from a quasicircular binary inspiral, then the detected signal is consistent with the merger of two black holes with masses of 85_{-14}^{+21}  M_{⊙} and 66_{-18}^{+17}  M_{⊙} (90% credible intervals). We infer that the primary black hole mass lies within the gap produced by (pulsational) pair-instability supernova processes, with only a 0.32% probability of being below 65  M_{⊙}. We calculate the mass of the remnant to be 142_{-16}^{+28}  M_{⊙}, which can be considered an intermediate mass black hole (IMBH). The luminosity distance of the source is 5.3_{-2.6}^{+2.4}  Gpc, corresponding to a redshift of 0.82_{-0.34}^{+0.28}. The inferred rate of mergers similar to GW190521 is 0.13_{-0.11}^{+0.30}  Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.101102
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Constraints on Cosmic Strings Using Data from the Third Advanced LIGO-Virgo Observing Run.

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    Physical review letters

    2021  Volume 126, Issue 24, Page(s) 241102

    Abstract: We search for gravitational-wave signals produced by cosmic strings in the Advanced LIGO and Virgo full O3 dataset. Search results are presented for gravitational waves produced by cosmic string loop features such as cusps, kinks, and, for the first time, ...

    Abstract We search for gravitational-wave signals produced by cosmic strings in the Advanced LIGO and Virgo full O3 dataset. Search results are presented for gravitational waves produced by cosmic string loop features such as cusps, kinks, and, for the first time, kink-kink collisions. A template-based search for short-duration transient signals does not yield a detection. We also use the stochastic gravitational-wave background energy density upper limits derived from the O3 data to constrain the cosmic string tension Gμ as a function of the number of kinks, or the number of cusps, for two cosmic string loop distribution models. Additionally, we develop and test a third model that interpolates between these two models. Our results improve upon the previous LIGO-Virgo constraints on Gμ by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude depending on the model that is tested. In particular, for the one-loop distribution model, we set the most competitive constraints to date: Gμ≲4×10^{-15}. In the case of cosmic strings formed at the end of inflation in the context of grand unified theories, these results challenge simple inflationary models.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.241102
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Constraining the p-Mode-g-Mode Tidal Instability with GW170817.

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    Physical review letters

    2019  Volume 122, Issue 6, Page(s) 61104

    Abstract: We analyze the impact of a proposed tidal instability coupling p modes and g modes within neutron stars on GW170817. This nonresonant instability transfers energy from the orbit of the binary to internal modes of the stars, accelerating the gravitational- ...

    Abstract We analyze the impact of a proposed tidal instability coupling p modes and g modes within neutron stars on GW170817. This nonresonant instability transfers energy from the orbit of the binary to internal modes of the stars, accelerating the gravitational-wave driven inspiral. We model the impact of this instability on the phasing of the gravitational wave signal using three parameters per star: an overall amplitude, a saturation frequency, and a spectral index. Incorporating these additional parameters, we compute the Bayes factor (lnB_{!pg}^{pg}) comparing our p-g model to a standard one. We find that the observed signal is consistent with waveform models that neglect p-g effects, with lnB_{!pg}^{pg}=0.03_{-0.58}^{+0.70} (maximum a posteriori and 90% credible region). By injecting simulated signals that do not include p-g effects and recovering them with the p-g model, we show that there is a ≃50% probability of obtaining similar lnB_{!pg}^{pg} even when p-g effects are absent. We find that the p-g amplitude for 1.4  M_{⊙} neutron stars is constrained to less than a few tenths of the theoretical maximum, with maxima a posteriori near one-tenth this maximum and p-g saturation frequency ∼70  Hz. This suggests that there are less than a few hundred excited modes, assuming they all saturate by wave breaking. For comparison, theoretical upper bounds suggest ≲10^{3} modes saturate by wave breaking. Thus, the measured constraints only rule out extreme values of the p-g parameters. They also imply that the instability dissipates ≲10^{51}  erg over the entire inspiral, i.e., less than a few percent of the energy radiated as gravitational waves.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.061104
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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