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  1. Article ; Online: Quantifying inherent predictability and spatial synchrony in the aphid vector Myzus persicae: field‐scale patterns of abundance and regional forecasting error in the UK

    Bell, James R. / Clark, Suzanne J. / Stevens, Mark / Mead, Andrew

    Pest Management Science. 2023 Apr., v. 79, no. 4 p.1331-1341

    2023  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Sugar beet is threatened by virus yellows, a disease complex vectored by aphids that reduces sugar content. We present an analysis of Myzus persicae population dynamics with and without neonicotinoid seed treatment. We use 6 years' yellow ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Sugar beet is threatened by virus yellows, a disease complex vectored by aphids that reduces sugar content. We present an analysis of Myzus persicae population dynamics with and without neonicotinoid seed treatment. We use 6 years' yellow water trap and field‐collected aphid data and two decades of 12.2 m suction‐trap aphid migration data. We investigate both spatial synchrony and forecasting error to understand the structure and spatial scale of field counts and why forecasting aphid migrants lacks accuracy. Our aim is to derive statistical parameters to inform regionwide pest management strategies. RESULTS: Spatial synchrony, indicating the coincident change in counts across the region over time, is rarely present and is best described as stochastic. Uniquely, early season field populations in 2019 did show spatial synchrony to 90 km compared to the overall average weekly correlation length of 23 km. However, 70% of the time series were spatially heterogenous, indicating patchy between‐field dynamics. Field counts lacked the same seasonal trend and did not peak in the same week. Forecasts tended to under‐predict mid‐season log₁₀ counts. A strongly negative correlation between forecasting error and the proportion of zeros was shown. CONCLUSION: Field populations are unpredictable and stochastic, regardless of neonicotinoid seed treatment. This outcome presents a problem for decision‐support that cannot usefully provide a single regionwide solution. Weighted permutation entropy inferred that M. persicae 12.2 m suction‐trap time series had moderate to low intrinsic predictability. Early warning using a migration model tended to predict counts at lower levels than observed. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
    Keywords Myzus persicae ; entropy ; models ; neonicotinoid insecticides ; population dynamics ; seed treatment ; suction traps ; sugar beet ; sugar content ; time series analysis ; viruses
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-04
    Size p. 1331-1341.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2001705-4
    ISSN 1526-4998 ; 1526-498X
    ISSN (online) 1526-4998
    ISSN 1526-498X
    DOI 10.1002/ps.7292
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Banker Plant Bonuses? The Benefits and Risks of Including Brassicas in Field Margins to Promote Conservation Biocontrol of Specialist Pests in Oilseed Rape.

    Skellern, Matthew P / Clark, Suzanne J / Ferguson, Andrew W / Watts, Nigel P / Cook, Samantha M

    Insects

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 4

    Abstract: European agri-environment schemes include the use of flower-rich field margins to promote on-farm biodiversity, but species mixtures rarely include Brassicaceae. As pests of oilseed rape (OSR; ...

    Abstract European agri-environment schemes include the use of flower-rich field margins to promote on-farm biodiversity, but species mixtures rarely include Brassicaceae. As pests of oilseed rape (OSR;
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-31
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662247-6
    ISSN 2075-4450
    ISSN 2075-4450
    DOI 10.3390/insects14040349
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Quantifying inherent predictability and spatial synchrony in the aphid vector Myzus persicae: field-scale patterns of abundance and regional forecasting error in the UK.

    Bell, James R / Clark, Suzanne J / Stevens, Mark / Mead, Andrew

    Pest management science

    2022  Volume 79, Issue 4, Page(s) 1331–1341

    Abstract: Background: Sugar beet is threatened by virus yellows, a disease complex vectored by aphids that reduces sugar content. We present an analysis of Myzus persicae population dynamics with and without neonicotinoid seed treatment. We use 6 years' yellow ... ...

    Abstract Background: Sugar beet is threatened by virus yellows, a disease complex vectored by aphids that reduces sugar content. We present an analysis of Myzus persicae population dynamics with and without neonicotinoid seed treatment. We use 6 years' yellow water trap and field-collected aphid data and two decades of 12.2 m suction-trap aphid migration data. We investigate both spatial synchrony and forecasting error to understand the structure and spatial scale of field counts and why forecasting aphid migrants lacks accuracy. Our aim is to derive statistical parameters to inform regionwide pest management strategies.
    Results: Spatial synchrony, indicating the coincident change in counts across the region over time, is rarely present and is best described as stochastic. Uniquely, early season field populations in 2019 did show spatial synchrony to 90 km compared to the overall average weekly correlation length of 23 km. However, 70% of the time series were spatially heterogenous, indicating patchy between-field dynamics. Field counts lacked the same seasonal trend and did not peak in the same week. Forecasts tended to under-predict mid-season log
    Conclusion: Field populations are unpredictable and stochastic, regardless of neonicotinoid seed treatment. This outcome presents a problem for decision-support that cannot usefully provide a single regionwide solution. Weighted permutation entropy inferred that M. persicae 12.2 m suction-trap time series had moderate to low intrinsic predictability. Early warning using a migration model tended to predict counts at lower levels than observed. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Aphids/genetics ; Population Dynamics ; Neonicotinoids ; Seasons ; United Kingdom
    Chemical Substances Neonicotinoids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2001705-4
    ISSN 1526-4998 ; 1526-498X
    ISSN (online) 1526-4998
    ISSN 1526-498X
    DOI 10.1002/ps.7292
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR): a proposed framework for expanding pharmacy professionals' roles and contributions to emergency preparedness and response during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.

    Aruru, Meghana / Truong, Hoai-An / Clark, Suzanne

    Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP

    2020  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 1967–1977

    Abstract: Background: Pharmacists have long been involved in public health and emergency preparedness and response (EP&R), including through preventive measures such as screening, vaccinations, testing, medical and pharmaceutical countermeasures, as well as ... ...

    Abstract Background: Pharmacists have long been involved in public health and emergency preparedness and response (EP&R), including through preventive measures such as screening, vaccinations, testing, medical and pharmaceutical countermeasures, as well as ensuring medication safety and access during natural disasters and pandemics. Pharmacy professionals are considered essential partners in response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Community and hospital pharmacies are expanding services and hours to provide essential services, putting pharmacists and their co-workers at the frontlines for patient care and safety to improve public health. In addition, pharmacy professionals are increasingly integrating into global, national, state and local EP&R efforts, including into interprofessional teams, such as Medical Reserve Corps (MRCs). However, lacunae exist for further integration of pharmacists into public health and safety initiatives. There are increasing opportunities and recommendations that should be expanded upon to provide improved patient care and population health interventions, and to ensure healthcare worker and public health safety.
    Objective: Develop a Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) Framework and recommendations for pharmacy professional pathways towards full integration within public health EP&R efforts (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), and enhanced recognition of pharmacists' skills, roles and contributions as integral members of the interprofessional healthcare team.
    Methods: This paper draws on the
    Results: Based on methods and resources utilized in developing this proposed PEPR Framework, five key focus areas were identified, as follows:1)Emergency preparedness and response2)Operations management3)Patient care and population health interventions4)Public health pharmacy education and continuing professional education5)Evaluation, research, and dissemination for impact and outcomes.
    Conclusion: Pharmacists and pharmacy professionals have been at the frontlines in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, challenges remain, such as limited availability of personal protection equipment, high risk of infectious exposures inherent in healthcare professions, and legislative hurdles resulting in lack of provider status and related reimbursements. Recommendations to enhance pharmacy's scope as public health professionals involved in EP&R include targeted training and education on key framework areas and policymaking. Pharmacy professionals should further integrate with interdisciplinary public health teams. Additional research and dissemination on impacts and outcomes of EP&R can enhance recognition of pharmacy professionals' contribution and value during public health emergencies. The proposed PEPR Framework can be utilized to develop, implement, evaluate, and disseminate results in order to strengthen existing efforts and to establish new initiatives in EP&R.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Civil Defense/standards ; Civil Defense/trends ; Community Pharmacy Services/standards ; Community Pharmacy Services/trends ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pharmacists/standards ; Pharmacists/trends ; Practice Guidelines as Topic/standards ; Professional Role ; Public Health/standards ; Public Health/trends
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2192059-X
    ISSN 1934-8150 ; 1551-7411
    ISSN (online) 1934-8150
    ISSN 1551-7411
    DOI 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Quantifying the impact of Psylliodes chrysocephala injury on the productivity of oilseed rape.

    Coston, Duncan J / Clark, Suzanne J / Breeze, Tom D / Field, Linda M / Potts, Simon G / Cook, Samantha M

    Pest management science

    2023  Volume 80, Issue 5, Page(s) 2383–2392

    Abstract: Background: Current European Union and United Kingdom legislation prohibits the use of neonicotinoid insecticidal seed treatments in oilseed rape (OSR, Brassica napus). This ban, and the reduction in efficacy of pyrethroid insecticide sprays due to ... ...

    Abstract Background: Current European Union and United Kingdom legislation prohibits the use of neonicotinoid insecticidal seed treatments in oilseed rape (OSR, Brassica napus). This ban, and the reduction in efficacy of pyrethroid insecticide sprays due to resistance, has exacerbated pest pressure from the cabbage stem flea beetle (Psylliodes chrysocephala) in winter OSR. We quantified the direct impact of P. chrysocephala injury on the productivity of OSR. Leaf area was removed from young plants to simulate differing intensities of adult feeding injury alone or in combination with varying larval infestation levels.
    Results: OSR can compensate for up to 90% leaf area loss at early growth stages, with no meaningful effect on yield. Significant impacts were observed with high infestations of more than five larvae per plant; plants were shorter, produced fewer flowers and pods, with fewer seeds per pod which had lower oil content and higher glucosinolate content. Such effects were not recorded when five larvae or fewer were present.
    Conclusion: These data confirm the yield-limiting potential of the larval stages of P. chrysocephala but suggest that the current action thresholds which trigger insecticide application for both adult and larval stages (25% leaf area loss and five larvae/plant, respectively) are potentially too low as they are below the physiological injury level where plants can fully compensate for damage. Further research in field conditions is needed to define physiological thresholds more accurately as disparity may result in insecticide applications that are unnecessary to protect yield and may in turn exacerbate the development and spread of insecticide resistance in P. chrysocephala. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Insecticides/pharmacology ; Brassica napus ; Pyrethrins/pharmacology ; Coleoptera ; Insecticide Resistance ; Larva
    Chemical Substances Insecticides ; Pyrethrins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2001705-4
    ISSN 1526-4998 ; 1526-498X
    ISSN (online) 1526-4998
    ISSN 1526-498X
    DOI 10.1002/ps.7860
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) framework for expanding pharmacy professionals’ roles and contributions to emergency preparedness and response during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond

    Aruru, Meghana / Truong, Hoai-An / Clark, Suzanne

    Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy

    Abstract: Abstract Background Pharmacists have long been involved in public health and emergency preparedness and response (EP&R), including through preventive measures such as screening, vaccinations, testing and pharmaceutical countermeasures, as well as ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Pharmacists have long been involved in public health and emergency preparedness and response (EP&R), including through preventive measures such as screening, vaccinations, testing and pharmaceutical countermeasures, as well as ensuring medication safety and access during natural disasters and pandemics. Pharmacy professionals are considered essential partners in response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Community and hospital pharmacies are expanding services and hours to provide essential services, putting pharmacists and their co-workers at the frontlines for patient care and safety to improve public health. In addition, pharmacy professionals are increasingly integrating into global, national, state and local EP&R efforts, including into interprofessional teams, such as Medical Reserve Corps (MRCs). However, lacunae exist for further integration of pharmacists into public health and safety initiatives. There are increasing opportunities and recommendations that should be expanded upon to provide improved patient care and population health intervention, and to ensure healthcare worker and public health safety. Objective Develop a Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) Framework and recommendations for pharmacy professional pathways towards full integration within public health EP&R efforts (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), and enhanced recognition of pharmacists’ skills, roles and contributions as integral members of the interprofessional healthcare team. Methods This paper draws on the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) 2003 Statement on the Role of Health-System Pharmacists in Emergency Preparedness and lessons learned from previous and current public health emergencies, such as the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and the current COVID-19 pandemic, to provide expanded guidance for pharmacists and pharmacy professionals across all practice settings in EP&R. The PEPR framework also incorporates information and recommendations from The Pharmacy Organizations’ Joint Policy Recommendations to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic (March 2020), CDC-NIOSH, Health Departments and Emergency Preparedness guidance and resources, Boards of Pharmacy, and other pharmacy professional organizations and educational institutions. Results Based on the methods and resources utilized in developing this PEPR framework, five key focus areas were identified as follow: 1) Emergency preparedness and response 2) Operations management 3) Patient care and population health interventions 4) Public health pharmacy education and continuing professional education 5) Evaluation, research and dissemination for impact and outcomes Conclusion and Recommendations: Pharmacists and pharmacy professionals have been at the frontlines in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, challenges remain, such as limited availability of personal protection equipment, high risk of infectious exposures inherent in healthcare professions, and legislative hurdles resulting in lack of provider status and related reimbursements. Recommendations to enhance pharmacy's scope as public health professionals involved in EP&R include targeted training and education on key framework areas and policymaking. Pharmacy professionals should further integrate with interdisciplinary public health teams. Additional research and dissemination on impacts and outcomes of EP&R can enhance recognition of pharmacy professionals' contribution and value during public health emergencies. The PEPR Framework can be utilized to develop, implement, evaluate, and disseminate results in order to strengthen existing efforts and to establish new initiatives in EP&R.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.002
    Database COVID19

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  7. Article: Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR): a proposed framework for expanding pharmacy professionals' roles and contributions to emergency preparedness and response during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond

    Aruru, Meghana / Truong, Hoai-An / Clark, Suzanne

    Res. soc. adm. pharm

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Pharmacists have long been involved in public health and emergency preparedness and response (EP&R), including through preventive measures such as screening, vaccinations, testing, medical and pharmaceutical countermeasures, as well as ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Pharmacists have long been involved in public health and emergency preparedness and response (EP&R), including through preventive measures such as screening, vaccinations, testing, medical and pharmaceutical countermeasures, as well as ensuring medication safety and access during natural disasters and pandemics. Pharmacy professionals are considered essential partners in response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Community and hospital pharmacies are expanding services and hours to provide essential services, putting pharmacists and their co-workers at the frontlines for patient care and safety to improve public health. In addition, pharmacy professionals are increasingly integrating into global, national, state and local EP&R efforts, including into interprofessional teams, such as Medical Reserve Corps (MRCs). However, lacunae exist for further integration of pharmacists into public health and safety initiatives. There are increasing opportunities and recommendations that should be expanded upon to provide improved patient care and population health interventions, and to ensure healthcare worker and public health safety. OBJECTIVE: Develop a Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) Framework and recommendations for pharmacy professional pathways towards full integration within public health EP&R efforts (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), and enhanced recognition of pharmacists' skills, roles and contributions as integral members of the interprofessional healthcare team. METHODS: This paper draws on the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) 2003 Statement on the Role of Health-System Pharmacists in Emergency Preparedness and lessons learned from previous and current public health emergencies, such as the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and the current COVID-19 pandemic, to provide expanded guidance for pharmacists and pharmacy professionals across all practice settings in EP&R. The proposed PEPR framework also incorporates information and recommendations from The Pharmacy Organizations' Joint Policy Recommendations to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic (March 2020), CDC-NIOSH, International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) Guidance, health departments and emergency preparedness guidance and resources, Boards of Pharmacy, and other pharmacy professional organizations and educational institutions. RESULTS: Based on methods and resources utilized in developing this proposed PEPR Framework, five key focus areas were identified, as follows: CONCLUSION: Pharmacists and pharmacy professionals have been at the frontlines in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, challenges remain, such as limited availability of personal protection equipment, high risk of infectious exposures inherent in healthcare professions, and legislative hurdles resulting in lack of provider status and related reimbursements. Recommendations to enhance pharmacy's scope as public health professionals involved in EP&R include targeted training and education on key framework areas and policymaking. Pharmacy professionals should further integrate with interdisciplinary public health teams. Additional research and dissemination on impacts and outcomes of EP&R can enhance recognition of pharmacy professionals' contribution and value during public health emergencies. The proposed PEPR Framework can be utilized to develop, implement, evaluate, and disseminate results in order to strengthen existing efforts and to establish new initiatives in EP&R.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #32389631
    Database COVID19

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  8. Article ; Online: Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR)

    Aruru, Meghana / Truong, Hoai-An / Clark, Suzanne

    Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy ; ISSN 1551-7411

    a proposed framework for expanding pharmacy professionals’ roles and contributions to emergency preparedness and response during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond

    2020  

    Keywords Pharmaceutical Science ; Pharmacy ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.002
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article: Characterisation of bird cherry‐oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) behaviour and aphid host preference in relation to partially resistant and susceptible wheat landraces

    Singh, Beant / Simon, Amma / Halsey, Kirstie / Kurup, Smita / Clark, Suzanne / Aradottir, Gudbjorg Inga

    Annals of applied biology. 2020 Sept., v. 177, no. 2

    2020  

    Abstract: The bird cherry‐oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) is a major pest of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and can cause up to 30% yield losses. Heritable plant resistance to aphids is both an economically and ecologically sound method for managing aphids. Here ... ...

    Abstract The bird cherry‐oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) is a major pest of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and can cause up to 30% yield losses. Heritable plant resistance to aphids is both an economically and ecologically sound method for managing aphids. Here we report how the behaviour and performance of R. padi differs on two resistant, one susceptible wheat landrace and a susceptible elite wheat variety. Feeding behaviour differed among the genotypes, with aphids on resistant lines spending longer in the pathway phase and less time phloem feeding. These behaviours suggest that both inter‐ and intracellular factors encountered during pathway and phloem feeding phases could be linked to the observed aphid resistance. Locomotion and antennal positioning choice tests also revealed a clear preference for susceptible lines. Although feeding studies revealed differences in the first probe indicating that the resistance factors might also be located in the peripheral layers of the plant tissue, scanning electron microscopy revealed no difference in trichrome length and density on the surface of leaves. Aphids are phloem feeders and limiting the nutrient uptake by the aphids may negatively affect their growth and development as shown here in lower weight and survival of nymphs on resistant genotypes and decreased reproductive potential, with lowest mean numbers of nymphs produced by aphids on W064 (54.8) compared to Solstice (71.9). The results indicate that resistant lines markedly alter the behaviour, reproduction and development potential of R. padi and possess both antixenosis and antibiosis type of resistance.
    Keywords Rhopalosiphum padi ; Triticum aestivum ; antibiosis ; antixenosis ; host preferences ; landraces ; locomotion ; nutrient uptake ; pests ; phloem ; reproduction ; wheat
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-09
    Size p. 184-194.
    Publishing place Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 283072-3
    ISSN 0003-4746 ; 0951-4309
    ISSN 0003-4746 ; 0951-4309
    DOI 10.1111/aab.12616
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article: Characterisation of bird cherry-oat aphid (

    Singh, Beant / Simon, Amma / Halsey, Kirstie / Kurup, Smita / Clark, Suzanne / Aradottir, Gudbjorg Inga

    The Annals of applied biology

    2020  Volume 177, Issue 2, Page(s) 184–194

    Abstract: The bird cherry-oat aphid ( ...

    Abstract The bird cherry-oat aphid (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 330-x
    ISSN 1744-7348 ; 0003-4746
    ISSN (online) 1744-7348
    ISSN 0003-4746
    DOI 10.1111/aab.12616
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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