LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 273

Search options

Article ; Online: The Importance of Calcium Ions for Determining Mitochondrial Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity When Measuring Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) Function in Mitochondria Isolated from Brown Adipose Tissue.

Clarke, Kieran J / Porter, Richard K

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

2018 Volume 1782, Page(s) 325–336

Abstract: Glycerol-3-phosphate is an excellent substrate for FAD-linked mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPDH) in brown adipose tissue mitochondria and is regularly used as the primary substrate to measure oxygen consumption and reactive oxygen ... ...

Abstract	Glycerol-3-phosphate is an excellent substrate for FAD-linked mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPDH) in brown adipose tissue mitochondria and is regularly used as the primary substrate to measure oxygen consumption and reactive oxygen consumption by these mitochondria. mGPDH converts cytosolic glycerol-3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate, feeding electrons directly from the cytosolic side of the mitochondrial inner membrane to the CoQ-pool within the inner membrane. mGPDH activity is allosterically activated by calcium, and when calcium chelators are present in the mitochondrial preparation medium and/or experimental incubation medium, calcium must be added to insure maximal mGPDH activity. It was demonstrated that in isolated brown adipose tissue mitochondria (1) mGPDH enzyme activity is maximal at free calcium ion concentrations in the 350 nM-1 μM range, (2) that ROS production also peaks in the 10-100 nM range in the presence of a UCP1 inhibitory ligand (GDP) but wanes with further increasing calcium concentration, and (3) that oxygen consumption rates peak in the 10-100 nM range with rates being maintained at higher calcium concentrations. This article provides easy-to-follow protocols to facilitate the measurement of mGPDH-dependent UCP1 activity in the presence of calcium for isolated brown adipose tissue mitochondria.
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue, Brown/cytology ; Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Chelating Agents/pharmacology ; Cations, Divalent/metabolism ; Enzyme Assays/instrumentation ; Enzyme Assays/methods ; Female ; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase/metabolism ; Guanosine Diphosphate/pharmacology ; Male ; Mitochondria/drug effects ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mitochondrial Membranes/drug effects ; Mitochondrial Membranes/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Uncoupling Protein 1/analysis ; Uncoupling Protein 1/antagonists & inhibitors ; Uncoupling Protein 1/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Calcium Chelating Agents ; Cations, Divalent ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Ucp1 protein, rat ; Uncoupling Protein 1 ; Guanosine Diphosphate (146-91-8) ; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.-) ; glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, FAD-dependent (EC 1.1.5.3) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1940-6029
ISSN (online)	1940-6029
DOI	10.1007/978-1-4939-7831-1_19
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Why a d-β-hydroxybutyrate monoester?

Soto-Mota, Adrian / Norwitz, Nicholas G / Clarke, Kieran

Biochemical Society transactions

2020 Volume 48, Issue 1, Page(s) 51–59

Abstract: Much of the world's prominent and burdensome chronic diseases, such as diabetes, Alzheimer's, and heart disease, are caused by impaired metabolism. By acting as both an efficient fuel and a powerful signalling molecule, the natural ketone body, d-β- ... ...

Abstract	Much of the world's prominent and burdensome chronic diseases, such as diabetes, Alzheimer's, and heart disease, are caused by impaired metabolism. By acting as both an efficient fuel and a powerful signalling molecule, the natural ketone body, d-β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB), may help circumvent the metabolic malfunctions that aggravate some diseases. Historically, dietary interventions that elevate βHB production by the liver, such as high-fat diets and partial starvation, have been used to treat chronic disease with varying degrees of success, owing to the potential downsides of such diets. The recent development of an ingestible βHB monoester provides a new tool to quickly and accurately raise blood ketone concentration, opening a myriad of potential health applications. The βHB monoester is a salt-free βHB precursor that yields only the biologically active d-isoform of the metabolite, the pharmacokinetics of which have been studied, as has safety for human consumption in athletes and healthy volunteers. This review describes fundamental concepts of endogenous and exogenous ketone body metabolism, the differences between the βHB monoester and other exogenous ketones and summarises the disease-specific biochemical and physiological rationales behind its clinical use in diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, heart failure, sepsis related muscle atrophy, migraine, and epilepsy. We also address the limitations of using the βHB monoester as an adjunctive nutritional therapy and areas of uncertainty that could guide future research.
MeSH term(s)	3-Hydroxybutyric Acid/metabolism ; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid/therapeutic use ; Diabetes Mellitus/diet therapy ; Diet, Ketogenic ; Dietary Supplements ; Epilepsy/diet therapy ; Fasting/metabolism ; Heart Failure/diet therapy ; Hepatocytes/metabolism ; Humans ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/diet therapy ; Sepsis/diet therapy
Chemical Substances	3-Hydroxybutyric Acid (TZP1275679)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	184237-7
ISSN	1470-8752 ; 0300-5127
ISSN (online)	1470-8752
ISSN	0300-5127
DOI	10.1042/BST20190240
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 944: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Cardiac ketone body metabolism.

Abdul Kadir, Azrul / Clarke, Kieran / Evans, Rhys D

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease

2020 Volume 1866, Issue 6, Page(s) 165739

Abstract: The ketone bodies, d-β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate, are soluble 4-carbon compounds derived principally from fatty acids, that can be metabolised by many oxidative tissues, including heart, in carbohydrate-depleted conditions as glucose-sparing ... ...

Abstract	The ketone bodies, d-β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate, are soluble 4-carbon compounds derived principally from fatty acids, that can be metabolised by many oxidative tissues, including heart, in carbohydrate-depleted conditions as glucose-sparing energy substrates. They also have important signalling functions, acting through G-protein coupled receptors and histone deacetylases to regulate metabolism and gene expression including that associated with anti-oxidant activity. Their concentration, and hence availability, increases in diabetes mellitus and heart failure. Whilst known to be substrates for ATP production, especially in starvation, their role(s) in the heart, and in heart disease, is uncertain. Recent evidence, reviewed here, indicates that increased ketone body metabolism is a feature of heart failure, and is accompanied by other changes in substrate selection. Whether the change in myocardial ketone body metabolism is adaptive or maladaptive is unknown, but it offers the possibility of using exogenous ketones to treat the failing heart.
MeSH term(s)	Acetoacetates/metabolism ; Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Heart Failure/metabolism ; Heart Failure/pathology ; Humans ; Ketone Bodies/metabolism ; Ketones/metabolism ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Myocardium/pathology
Chemical Substances	Acetoacetates ; Fatty Acids ; Ketone Bodies ; Ketones ; acetoacetic acid (4ZI204Y1MC) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-19
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	60-7
ISSN	1879-260X ; 1879-2596 ; 1872-8006 ; 1879-2642 ; 1879-2618 ; 1879-2650 ; 0006-3002 ; 0005-2728 ; 0005-2736 ; 0304-4165 ; 0167-4838 ; 1388-1981 ; 0167-4889 ; 0167-4781 ; 0304-419X ; 1570-9639 ; 0925-4439 ; 1874-9399
ISSN (online)	1879-260X ; 1879-2596 ; 1872-8006 ; 1879-2642 ; 1879-2618 ; 1879-2650
ISSN	0006-3002 ; 0005-2728 ; 0005-2736 ; 0304-4165 ; 0167-4838 ; 1388-1981 ; 0167-4889 ; 0167-4781 ; 0304-419X ; 1570-9639 ; 0925-4439 ; 1874-9399
DOI	10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165739
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Full text online

Accessible to users with ZB MED library card

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Uc I Zs.247: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾

Article ; Online: Exogenous d-β-hydroxybutyrate lowers blood glucose in part by decreasing the availability of L-alanine for gluconeogenesis.

Soto-Mota, Adrian / Norwitz, Nicholas G / Evans, Rhys D / Clarke, Kieran

Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism

2021 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) e00300

Abstract: Background: Interventions that induce ketosis simultaneously lower blood glucose and the explanation for this phenomenon is unknown. Additionally, the glucose-lowering effect of acute ketosis is greater in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). On the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Interventions that induce ketosis simultaneously lower blood glucose and the explanation for this phenomenon is unknown. Additionally, the glucose-lowering effect of acute ketosis is greater in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). On the contrary, L-alanine is a gluconeogenic substrate secreted by skeletal muscle at higher levels in people with T2D and infusing of ketones lower circulating L-alanine blood levels. In this study, we sought to determine whether supplementation with L-alanine would attenuate the glucose-lowering effect of exogenous ketosis using a ketone ester (KE). Methods: This crossover study involved 10 healthy human volunteers who fasted for 24 h prior to the ingestion of 25 g of d-β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) in the form of a KE drink (ΔG Findings: The KE drinks elevated blood βHB concentrations from negligible levels to 4.52 ± 1.23 mmol/L, lowered glucose from 4.97 ± SD 0.39 to 3.77 ± SD 0.40 mmol/L, and lowered and L-alanine from 0.56 ± SD 0.88 to 0.41 ± SD 0.91 mmol/L. L-alanine in the KE drink elevated blood L-Alanine by 0.68 ± SD 0.15 mmol/L, but had no significant effect on blood βHB, L-glutamine, FFA, lactate, nor C-peptide concentrations. By contrast, L-alanine supplementation significantly attenuated the ketosis-induced drop in glucose from 28% ± SD 8% to 16% ± SD 7% (p < .01). Conclusions: The glucose-lowering effect of acutely elevated βHB is partially due to βHB decreasing L-alanine availability as a substrate for gluconeogenesis.
MeSH term(s)	3-Hydroxybutyric Acid ; Alanine ; Blood Glucose ; Cross-Over Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Gluconeogenesis ; Humans
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Alanine (OF5P57N2ZX) ; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid (TZP1275679)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2398-9238
ISSN (online)	2398-9238
DOI	10.1002/edm2.300
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: The Use of Reactive Oxygen Species Production by Succinate-Driven Reverse Electron Flow as an Index of Complex 1 Activity in Isolated Brown Adipose Tissue Mitochondria.

Dlasková, Andrea / Clarke, Kieran J / Rooney, Mary F / Porter, Richard K

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

2021 Volume 2310, Page(s) 247–258

Abstract: We compared the activity of complex 1, complex 2, and the expression of the complex 1 subunit, NDUFA9, in isolated brown adipose tissue mitochondria from wild type and mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) knockout mice. Direct spectrophotometric ... ...

Abstract	We compared the activity of complex 1, complex 2, and the expression of the complex 1 subunit, NDUFA9, in isolated brown adipose tissue mitochondria from wild type and mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) knockout mice. Direct spectrophotometric measurement revealed that complex 2 activity was similar, but complex 1 activity was greater (~2.7 fold) in isolated mitochondria from wild-type mice compared to UCP1 knockout mice, an observation endorsed by greater complex 1 subunit expression (NDUFA9) in mitochondria of wild-type mice. We also measured reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by isolated brown adipose mitochondria respiring on succinate, without rotenone, thus facilitating reverse electron flow through complex 1. We observed that reverse electron flow in isolated mitochondria from wild-type mice, with UCP1 inhibited, produced significantly greater (~1.6 fold) ROS when compared with isolated brown adipose mitochondria from UCP1 knockout mice. In summary, we demonstrate that ROS production by succinate-driven reverse electron flow can occur in brown adipose tissue mitochondria and is a good index of complex 1 activity.
MeSH term(s)	Adipocytes, Brown/drug effects ; Adipocytes, Brown/enzymology ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/drug effects ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/enzymology ; Animals ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Fractionation ; Electron Transport Complex I/genetics ; Electron Transport Complex I/metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Fluorometry ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondria/drug effects ; Mitochondria/enzymology ; Mitochondria/genetics ; Rats ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Succinic Acid/pharmacology ; Uncoupling Protein 1/genetics ; Uncoupling Protein 1/metabolism ; Mice
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Ucp1 protein, mouse ; Uncoupling Protein 1 ; Succinic Acid (AB6MNQ6J6L) ; Electron Transport Complex I (EC 7.1.1.2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1940-6029
ISSN (online)	1940-6029
DOI	10.1007/978-1-0716-1433-4_13
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article: The Mechanisms by Which the Ketone Body D-β-Hydroxybutyrate May Improve the Multiple Cellular Pathologies of Parkinson's Disease.

Norwitz, Nicholas G / Hu, Michele T / Clarke, Kieran

Frontiers in nutrition

2019 Volume 6, Page(s) 63

Abstract: Parkinson's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, is strongly associated with the death of dopaminergic neurons in the brain's substantia nigra. Although dopamine replacement therapy temporarily ... ...

Abstract	Parkinson's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, is strongly associated with the death of dopaminergic neurons in the brain's substantia nigra. Although dopamine replacement therapy temporarily helps patients manage their motor symptoms, this current standard of care fails to address the underlying network of pathologies that contribute to the persistent death of dopaminergic neurons. Thus, new treatment approaches are needed that address the underlying pathologies and, thereby, slow or halt the progression of the actual disease. D-β-hydroxybutyrate - a ketone body produced by the liver to support brain function during periods of starvation - may provide an option. Lifestyle interventions that induce endogenous D-β-hydroxybutyrate production, such as caloric restriction and ketogenic diets, are known to increase healthspan and lifespan in animal models and are used to treat neurological disorders. The efficacy of these ketosis-inducing interventions, along with the recent development of commercially available D-β-hydroxybutyrate-based nutritional supplements, should inspire interest in the possibility that D-β-hydroxybutyrate itself exerts neuroprotective effects. This review provides a molecular model to justify the further exploration of such a possibility. Herein, we explore the cellular mechanisms by which the ketone body, D-β-hydroxybutyrate, acting both as a metabolite and as a signaling molecule, could help to prevent the development, or slow the progression of, Parkinson's disease. Specifically, the metabolism of D-β-hydroxybutyrate may help neurons replenish their depleted ATP stores and protect neurons against oxidative damage. As a G-protein-coupled receptor ligand and histone deacetylase inhibitor, D-β-hydroxybutyrate may further protect neurons against energy deficit and oxidative stress, while also decreasing damaging neuroinflammation and death by apoptosis. Restricted to the available evidence, our model relies largely upon the interpretation of data from the separate literatures on the cellular effects of D-β-hydroxybutyrate and on the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Future studies are needed to reveal whether D-β-hydroxybutyrate actually has the potential to serve as an adjunctive nutritional therapy for Parkinson's disease.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2776676-7
ISSN	2296-861X
ISSN	2296-861X
DOI	10.3389/fnut.2019.00063
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article ; Online: The ketone ester, 3-hydroxybutyl-3-hydroxybutyrate, attenuates neurobehavioral deficits and improves neuropathology following controlled cortical impact in male rats.

Almeida-Suhett, Camila / Namboodiri, Aryan M / Clarke, Kieran / Deuster, Patricia A

Nutritional neuroscience

2020 Volume 25, Issue 6, Page(s) 1287–1299

Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of human death and disability with no effective therapy to fully prevent long-term neurological deficits in surviving patients. Ketone ester supplementation is protective in animal models of ... ...

Abstract	Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of human death and disability with no effective therapy to fully prevent long-term neurological deficits in surviving patients. Ketone ester supplementation is protective in animal models of neurodegeneration, but its efficacy against TBI pathophysiology is unknown. Here, we assessed the neuroprotective effect of the ketone monoester, 3-hydroxybutyl-3-hydroxybutyrate, (KE) in male Sprague Dawley rats (
MeSH term(s)	3-Hydroxybutyric Acid ; Animals ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications ; Disease Models, Animal ; Esters ; Humans ; Ketones ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Water
Chemical Substances	Esters ; Ketones ; Water (059QF0KO0R) ; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid (TZP1275679)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1447449-9
ISSN	1476-8305 ; 1028-415X
ISSN (online)	1476-8305
ISSN	1028-415X
DOI	10.1080/1028415X.2020.1853414
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Z 7024: Show issues

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Ketotherapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.

Norwitz, Nicholas G / Jaramillo, Javier Gilbert / Clarke, Kieran / Soto, Adrian

International review of neurobiology

2020 Volume 155, Page(s) 141–168

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are, respectively, the most prevalent and fastest growing neurodegenerative diseases worldwide. The former is primarily characterized by memory loss and the latter by the motor symptoms of tremor and ... ...

Abstract	Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are, respectively, the most prevalent and fastest growing neurodegenerative diseases worldwide. The former is primarily characterized by memory loss and the latter by the motor symptoms of tremor and bradykinesia. Both AD and PD are progressive diseases that share several key underlying mitochondrial, inflammatory, and other metabolic pathologies. This review will detail how these pathologies intersect with ketone body metabolism and signaling, and how ketone bodies, particularly d-β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB), may serve as a potential adjunctive nutritional therapy for two of the world's most devastating conditions.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Diet, Ketogenic ; Humans ; Inflammation/drug therapy ; Ketone Bodies/therapeutic use ; Ketosis ; Mitochondrial Diseases/drug therapy ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Ketone Bodies
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	209876-3
ISSN	2162-5514 ; 0074-7742
ISSN (online)	2162-5514
ISSN	0074-7742
DOI	10.1016/bs.irn.2020.02.003
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Full text online

Accessible to users with ZB MED library card

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Ui II Zs.180: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾

Article ; Online: Exogenous ketosis in patients with type 2 diabetes: Safety, tolerability and effect on glycaemic control.

Soto-Mota, Adrian / Norwitz, Nicholas G / Evans, Rhys / Clarke, Kieran / Barber, Thomas M

Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism

2021 Volume 4, Issue 3, Page(s) e00264

Abstract: Introduction: Ketogenic diets have shown to improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study investigated the safety, tolerability, and effects on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes of an exogenous ketone monoester ( ...

Abstract	Introduction: Ketogenic diets have shown to improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study investigated the safety, tolerability, and effects on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes of an exogenous ketone monoester (KE) capable of inducing fasting-like elevations in serum β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) without the need for caloric or carbohydrate restriction. Methods: Twenty one participants (14 men and 7 women, aged 45 ± 11 years) with insulin-independent type 2 diabetes, and unchanged hypoglycaemic medication for the previous 6 months, were recruited for this non-randomised interventional study. Participants wore intermittent scanning glucose monitors (IS-GM) for a total of 6 weeks and were given 25 ml of KE 3 times daily for 4 weeks. Serum electrolytes, acid-base status, and βHB concentrations were measured weekly and cardiovascular risk markers were measured before and after the intervention. The primary endpoints were safety and tolerability, with the secondary endpoint being glycaemic control. Results: The 21 participants consumed a total of 1,588 drinks (39.7 litres) of KE over the course of the intervention. Adverse reactions were mild and infrequent, including mild nausea, headache, and gastric discomfort following fewer than 0.5% of the drinks. Serum electrolyte concentrations, acid-base status, and renal function remained normal throughout the study. Compared to baseline, exogenous ketosis induced a significant decrease in all glycaemic control markers, including fructosamine (335 ± 60 μmol/L to 290 ± 49 μmol/L, Conclusions: Constant ketone monoester consumption over 1 month was safe, well tolerated, and improved glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Female ; Glycemic Control ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Ketosis/chemically induced ; Male ; Middle Aged
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Hypoglycemic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2398-9238
ISSN (online)	2398-9238
DOI	10.1002/edm2.264
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Metabolic maturation of differentiating cardiosphere-derived cells.

Pakzad, Khadijeh Kathy / Tan, Jun Jie / Anderson, Stephanie / Board, Mary / Clarke, Kieran / Carr, Carolyn A

Stem cell research

2021 Volume 54, Page(s) 102422

Abstract: Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) can be expanded in vitro and induced to differentiate along the cardiac lineage. To recapitulate the phenotype of an adult cardiomyocyte, differentiating progenitors need to upregulate mitochondrial glucose and fatty ... ...

Abstract	Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) can be expanded in vitro and induced to differentiate along the cardiac lineage. To recapitulate the phenotype of an adult cardiomyocyte, differentiating progenitors need to upregulate mitochondrial glucose and fatty acid oxidation. Here we cultured and differentiated CDCs using protocols aimed to maintain stemness or to promote differentiation, including triggering fatty acid oxidation using an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). Metabolic changes were characterised in undifferentiated CDCs and during differentiation towards a cardiac phenotype. CDCs from rat atria were expanded on fibronectin or collagen IV via cardiosphere formation. Differentiation was assessed using flow cytometry and qPCR and substrate metabolism was quantified using radiolabelled substrates. Collagen IV promoted proliferation of CDCs whereas fibronectin primed cells for differentiation towards a cardiac phenotype. In both populations, treatment with 5-Azacytidine induced a switch towards oxidative metabolism, as shown by changes in gene expression, decreased glycolytic flux and increased oxidation of glucose and palmitate. Addition of a PPARα agonist during differentiation increased both glucose and fatty acid oxidation and expression of cardiac genes. We conclude that oxidative metabolism and cell differentiation act in partnership with increases in one driving an increase in the other.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Glycolysis ; Heart Atria ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism ; Rats
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2393143-7
ISSN	1876-7753 ; 1873-5061
ISSN (online)	1876-7753
ISSN	1873-5061
DOI	10.1016/j.scr.2021.102422
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

To top

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito