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Book ; Conference proceedings: Structural condition of agricultural soils in the UK

Bhogal, Anne / Newell-Price, Paul / Hargreaves, Paul / Cloy, Joanna / Sagoo, Lizzie / Williams, John

paper presented to the International Fertiliser Society at a conference in Cambridge, UK, on 6th December 2018

(Proceedings / International Fertiliser Society ; 829)

2018

Author's details	by Anne Bhogal, Paul Newell-Price, Paul Hargreaves, Joanna Cloy, Lizzie Sagoo and John Williams
Series title	Proceedings / International Fertiliser Society ; 829 Proceedings / the International Fertiliser Society
Collection	Proceedings / the International Fertiliser Society
Language	English
Size	24 Seiten, Diagramme
Publisher	International Fertiliser Society
Publishing place	Colchester
Publishing country	Great Britain
Document type	Book ; Conference proceedings
Note	Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 19-23
HBZ-ID	HT020111579
ISBN	978-0-85310-466-7 ; 0-85310-466-2
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Shelf mark	Loan status	Location
198/265	available for loan (reading room)	Freihandmagazin (U1)

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Book ; Conference proceedings: Soil structure and greenhouse gas emissions

Ball, Bruce / Hargreaves, Paul / Cloy, Joanna

paper presented to the International Fertiliser Society at a conference in Cambridge, UK, on 12th December 2013

(Proceedings / International Fertiliser Society ; 736)

2013

Author's details	Bruce Ball, Paul Hargreaves and Joanna Cloy
Series title	Proceedings / International Fertiliser Society ; 736 Proceedings / the International Fertiliser Society
Collection	Proceedings / the International Fertiliser Society
Language	English
Size	36 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
Publishing place	Leek
Publishing country	Great Britain
Document type	Book ; Conference proceedings
HBZ-ID	HT018261028
ISBN	978-0-85310-373-8 ; 0-85310-373-9
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Shelf mark	Loan status	Location
148/149	available for loan (reading room)	Freihandmagazin (U1)

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Article: Isolating the effect of soil properties on agricultural soil greenhouse gas emissions under controlled conditions

Miller, Gemma A / Rees, Robert M / Griffiths, Bryan S / Cloy, Joanna M

Soil use and management. 2020 Apr., v. 36, no. 2

2020

Abstract: Agricultural soils are important sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Soil properties and environmental factors have complex interactions which influence the dynamics of these GHG fluxes. Four arable and five grassland soils which represent the range of ... ...

Abstract	Agricultural soils are important sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Soil properties and environmental factors have complex interactions which influence the dynamics of these GHG fluxes. Four arable and five grassland soils which represent the range of soil textures and climatic conditions of the main agricultural areas in the UK were incubated at two different moisture contents (50 or 80% water holding capacity) and with or without inorganic fertiliser application (70 kg N ha−1 ammonium nitrate) over 22 days. Emissions of N2O, CO2 and CH4 were measured twice per week by headspace gas sampling, and cumulative fluxes were calculated. Multiple regression modelling was carried out to determine which factors (soil mineral N, organic carbon and total nitrogen contents, C:N ratios, clay contents and pH) that best explained the variation in GHG fluxes. Clay, mineral N and soil C contents were found to be the most important explanatory variables controlling GHG fluxes in this study. However, none of the measured variables explained a significant amount of variation in CO2 fluxes from the arable soils. The results were generally consistent with previously published work. However, N2O emissions from the two Scottish soils were substantially more sensitive to inorganic N fertiliser application at 80% water holding capacity than the other soils, with the N2O emissions being up to 107 times higher than the other studied soils.
Keywords	agricultural land ; agricultural soils ; ammonium nitrate ; arable soils ; carbon dioxide ; carbon nitrogen ratio ; clay fraction ; climatic factors ; fertilizer application ; grassland soils ; greenhouse gas emissions ; greenhouse gases ; headspace analysis ; methane ; nitrogen ; nitrogen fertilizers ; nitrous oxide ; organic carbon ; pH ; regression analysis ; soil carbon ; soil minerals ; soil texture ; total nitrogen ; water holding capacity ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-04
Size	p. 285-298.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	742151-5
ISSN	1475-2743 ; 0266-0032
ISSN (online)	1475-2743
ISSN	0266-0032
DOI	10.1111/sum.12552
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book ; Online: Estimating maximum fine-fraction organic carbon in UK grasslands

Paterson, Kirsty C. / Cloy, Joanna M. / Rees, Robert M. / Baggs, Elizabeth M. / Martineau, Hugh / Fornara, Dario / Macdonald, Andrew J. / Buckingham, Sarah

eISSN: 1726-4189

2021

Abstract: Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration across agroecosystems worldwide can contribute to mitigate the effects of climate change by reducing levels of atmospheric CO 2 . Stabilisation of organic carbon (OC) in the fine soil fraction ( < 20 µ m) is ... ...

Abstract	Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration across agroecosystems worldwide can contribute to mitigate the effects of climate change by reducing levels of atmospheric CO 2 . Stabilisation of organic carbon (OC) in the fine soil fraction ( < 20 µ m) is considered an important long-term store of SOC, and the saturation deficit (difference between measured OC and estimated maximum OC in the fine fraction) is frequently used to assess SOC sequestration potential following the linear regression equation developed by Hassink (1997). However, this approach is often taken without any assessment of the fit of the equation to the soils being studied. The statistical limitations of linear regression have previously been noted, giving rise to the proposed use of boundary line (BL) analysis and quantile regression (QR) to provide more robust estimates of maximum SOC stabilisation. The objectives of this work were to assess the suitability of the Hassink (1997) equation to estimate maximum fine-fraction OC in UK grassland soils of varying sward ages and to evaluate the linear regression, boundary line and quantile regression methods to estimate maximum fine-fraction OC. A chronosequence of 10 grasslands was sampled, in order to assess the relationship between sward age (time since the last reseeding event) and the measured and predicted maximum fine-fraction OC. Significantly different regression equations show that the Hassink (1997) equation does not accurately reflect maximum fine-fraction OC in UK grasslands when determined using the proportion of the fine soil fraction ( < 20 µ m, %) and measured fine-fraction OC (g C per kg soil). The QR estimate of maximum SOC stabilisation was almost double that of the linear regression and BL analysis (0.89 ± 0.074, 0.43 ± 0.017 and 0.57 ± 0.052 g C per kg soil, respectively). Sward age had an inconsistent effect on the measured variables and potential maximum fine-fraction OC. Fine-fraction OC across the grasslands made up 4.5 % to 55.9 % of total SOC, implying that there may be either high potential for additional C sequestration in the fine fraction of these soils or that protection in aggregates is predominant in these grassland soils. This work highlights the need to ensure that methods used to predict maximum fine-fraction OC reflect the soil in situ, resulting in more accurate assessments of carbon sequestration potential.
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-27
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Agricultural soils: A sink or source of methane across the British Isles?

Cowan, Nicholas / Maire, Juliette / Krol, Dominika / Cloy, Joanna M. / Hargreaves, Paul / Murphy, Rachael / Carswell, Alison / Jones, Stephanie K. / Hinton, Nicola / Anderson, Margaret / Famulari, Daniela / Bell, Madeleine J. / Stack, Philip / Levy, Peter / Skiba, Ute / Drewer, Julia

European journal of soil science. 2021 July, v. 72, no. 4

2021

Abstract: This study summarizes a large diverse dataset of methane (CH₄) fluxes measured from agricultural sites across the British Isles. A total of 53,976 manual static chamber measurements from 27 different sites were investigated to determine the magnitude of ... ...

Abstract	This study summarizes a large diverse dataset of methane (CH₄) fluxes measured from agricultural sites across the British Isles. A total of 53,976 manual static chamber measurements from 27 different sites were investigated to determine the magnitude of CH₄ fluxes from a variety of agricultural fields across the UK and Ireland. Our study shows that contrary to some studies, agricultural soils (both arable and grassland) are small net emitters of CH₄ rather than sinks. Mean fluxes measured from arable and grassland sites (excluding fertiliser and tillage events) were 0.11 ± 0.06 and 0.19 ± 0.09 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹, respectively, and were not found to be significantly different (Welch t‐test, p = 0.17). Using the values reported in this study, we estimate that an annual emission of 0.16 and 0.09 Mt of CO₂‐eq is expected from arable and grassland agricultural soils in the UK and Ireland (comparable to 0.3 and 0.7% of the current annual CH₄ emission inventories, respectively). Where CH₄ uptake occurs in soils, it is negligible compared to expected emissions of the application of animal manures and tillage events, which were both found to significantly increase CH₄ emissions in the immediate few days to months after events. Our study highlights that there are significant differences in CH₄ uptake and emissions between sites, and that these differences are partially the result of the moisture content of the soil (i.e., the aerobic status of the soil). We expect uptake of CH₄ to be more prevalent in drier soils where volumetric water content does not exceed 35% and emissions to be exponentially greater where agricultural fields become waterlogged. HIGHLIGHTS: This study investigated 53,976 CH₄ flux measurements from 27 sites across the UK Our study shows both arable and grassland soils are small net emitters of CH₄ We estimate annual CH₄ emissions of 0.16 Mt of CO₂‐eq from agricultural soils in the UK We estimate annual CH₄ emissions of 0.09 Mt of CO₂‐eq from agricultural soils in Ireland
Keywords	animals ; data collection ; grasslands ; methane ; t-test ; tillage ; volumetric water content ; water content ; Ireland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-07
Size	p. 1842-1862.
Publishing place	Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1191614-x
ISSN	1365-2389 ; 1351-0754
ISSN (online)	1365-2389
ISSN	1351-0754
DOI	10.1111/ejss.13075
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book ; Online: Estimating maximum mineral associated organic carbon in UK grasslands

Paterson, Kirsty C. / Cloy, Joanna M. / Rees, Robert M. / Baggs, Elizabeth M. / Martineau, Hugh / Fornara, Dario / Macdonald, Andrew J. / Buckingham, Sarah

eISSN: 1726-4189

2020

Abstract: Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration across agroecosystems worldwide can contribute to mitigate the effects of climate change by reducing levels of atmospheric CO 2 . Mineral associated organic carbon (MAOC) is considered an important long-term store ... ...

Abstract	Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration across agroecosystems worldwide can contribute to mitigate the effects of climate change by reducing levels of atmospheric CO 2 . Mineral associated organic carbon (MAOC) is considered an important long-term store of SOC and the saturation deficit (difference between measured MAOC and estimated maximum MAOC) is frequently used to assess SOC sequestration potential following the linear regression equation developed by Hassink (1997). However, this approach is often taken without any assessment of the fit of the equation to the soils being studied. The statistical limitations of linear regression have previously been noted, giving rise to the proposed use of boundary line (BL) analysis and quantile regression (QR) to provide more robust estimates of maximum SOC stabilisation. The objectives of this work were to assess the suitability of the Hassink (1997) equation to estimate maximum MAOC in UK grassland soils of varying sward ages and to evaluate the linear regression, BL and QR methods to estimate maximum MAOC. A chronosequence of 10 grasslands was sampled, in order to assess the relationship between sward age (time since last reseeding event) and current and predicted maximum MAOC. Significantly different regression equations show that the Hassink (1997) equation does not accurately reflect maximum MAOC in UK grasslands when determined using the proportion of fine soil fraction and current MAOC. The QR estimate of maximum SOC stabilisation was almost double that of linear regression and BL analysis (0.89 ± 0.074, 0.43 ± 0.017 and 0.57 ± 0.052 g C kg −1 soil, respectively). Sward age had an inconsistent effect on the measured variables and potential maximum MAOC. MAOC across the grasslands made up 4.5 to 55.9 % of total SOC, implying that there may be either high potential for additional C sequestration in the mineral fraction of these soils, or stabilisation in aggregates is predominant in these grassland soils. This work highlights the need to ensure that methods used to predict maximum MAOC reflect the soil in situ, resulting in more accurate assessments of carbon sequestration potential.
Subject code	333 ; 310
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-12
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Stabilization of Organic Carbon via Chemical Interactions with Fe and Al Oxides in Gley Soils

Cloy, Joanna M / Wilson, Clare A / Graham, Margaret C

Soil science. 2014 Dec., v. 179, no. 12

2014

Abstract: The importance of soil organic carbon (SOC) stabilization via chemical interactions with Fe and Al oxide minerals within gley soils remains unclear. Changes in the proportions of Fe/Al oxides and SOC and N contents associated with Fe/Al oxides within the ...

Abstract	The importance of soil organic carbon (SOC) stabilization via chemical interactions with Fe and Al oxide minerals within gley soils remains unclear. Changes in the proportions of Fe/Al oxides and SOC and N contents associated with Fe/Al oxides within the profiles of gley soils under contrasting hydrological regimes and freely draining control soils from Harwood Forest (northeast England) were investigated. Sequential selective dissolution techniques were used to measure Fe/Al oxide crystallinity and explore whether crystallinity differed between gleyed and freely draining soils. Extracts were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to investigate the chemical characteristics of organic matter (OM) associated with Fe/Al oxides. Strongly crystalline Fe oxides were the dominant (∼50%–80% of total Fe oxides present) mineral phase in gley mineral soils. Contrasting gley soil hydrological regimes influenced total subsoil Fe and total and weakly crystalline Al oxide concentrations. Also, within-profile changes in strongly crystalline Fe oxide concentrations were linked to differences in hydrological and redox conditions. A large proportion of SOC (generally 70%–90% of total) seemed to be associated with Fe/Al oxides. Correlation plots, however, indicated that SOC contents were not linearly related to amounts of total Fe and Al oxides, weakly crystalline Fe and Al oxides, or strongly crystalline Fe oxides. The lack of linear correlations observed for these acidic soils may be caused by contributions from other extractable soil components and factors such as high organic loadings and insufficient amounts of Fe/Al oxides for interaction with SOC in topsoils and variable surface loadings of different organic inputs at different soil depths. Subsoil C/N ratios (∼18–21) were higher than those in extracted subsoil residues (∼9–17), suggesting that minerals other than Fe/Al oxides preferentially adsorbed N-rich microbially processed compounds. The OM associated with weakly and strongly crystalline Fe/Al oxides was chemically different, the latter generally having greater hydroxyl, aliphatic, carboxylate, and /or phenolic character and less carbohydrate character than the former. This research shows that interactions between Fe/Al oxides and SOM in redox-dynamic gley soils under different hydrological regimes are complex, and further investigations of SOC stabilization in these systems using selective dissolution and other complementary techniques are required.
Keywords	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; acid soils ; aluminum ; aluminum oxide ; carbohydrates ; carbon nitrogen ratio ; chemical interactions ; crystal structure ; forests ; hydrology ; iron ; iron oxides ; mineral soils ; nitrogen content ; physicochemical properties ; soil depth ; soil organic carbon ; topsoil ; England
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-12
Size	p. 547-560.
Publishing place	Wolters Kluwer Health
Document type	Article
Note	Affiliations: 1School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK. 2Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
ZDB-ID	204569-2
ISSN	0038-075X
ISSN	0038-075X
DOI	10.1097/SS.0000000000000096
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Scottish peat bog records of atmospheric vanadium deposition over the past 150 years: comparison with other records and emission trends

Cloy, Joanna M / Farmer, John G / Graham, Margaret C / MacKenzie, Angus B

Journal of environmental monitoring. 2011 Jan. 12, v. 13, no. 1

2011

Abstract: Cores from four Scottish ombrotrophic peat bogs were used to reconstruct the historical record of atmospheric vanadium (V) deposition in Scotland over the last 150 years. The general similarity of V and Pb concentration profile trends in 210Pb-dated ... ...

Abstract	Cores from four Scottish ombrotrophic peat bogs were used to reconstruct the historical record of atmospheric vanadium (V) deposition in Scotland over the last 150 years. The general similarity of V and Pb concentration profile trends in 210Pb-dated cores from each of the sites strongly suggested that V, like Pb, is essentially immobile in ombrotrophic peat. After allowance via use of the conservative element Ti for the contribution of soil dust V, the deposition of anthropogenic V was found to be greatest (∼1.3 to 2.0 mg m−2 y−1) in the mid-20th century before decreasing to 0.1–0.3 mg m−2 y−1 in the early years of the 21st century. The latter values were in good agreement with directly measured atmospheric V fluxes at nearby sites, a finding also observed in the case of Pb. The decline in peat-core-derived fluxes for both V and Pb from 1970 to 2004, however, was not as large as the decline in official UK emission estimates for the two metals during this period. This, along with an order of magnitude discrepancy between the anthropogenic V/Pb ratios at the peat core surface and the higher values of the ratio for UK emissions in the early 2000s, suggests that the recently revised UK emissions data for V may perhaps still be overestimated and/or that some previously deposited Pb is being resuspended in the atmosphere.
Keywords	bogs ; dust ; emissions ; historical records ; lead ; peat ; peatlands ; soil ; vanadium ; Scotland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2011-0112
Size	p. 58-65.
Publishing place	The Royal Society of Chemistry
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1453583-x
ISSN	1464-0333 ; 1464-0325
ISSN (online)	1464-0333
ISSN	1464-0325
DOI	10.1039/c0em00492h
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Scottish peat bog records of atmospheric vanadium deposition over the past 150 years: comparison with other records and emission trends.

Cloy, Joanna M / Farmer, John G / Graham, Margaret C / MacKenzie, Angus B

Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM

2011 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 58–65

Abstract	Cores from four Scottish ombrotrophic peat bogs were used to reconstruct the historical record of atmospheric vanadium (V) deposition in Scotland over the last 150 years. The general similarity of V and Pb concentration profile trends in (210)Pb-dated cores from each of the sites strongly suggested that V, like Pb, is essentially immobile in ombrotrophic peat. After allowance via use of the conservative element Ti for the contribution of soil dust V, the deposition of anthropogenic V was found to be greatest (∼ 1.3 to 2.0 mg m(-2) y(-1)) in the mid-20(th) century before decreasing to 0.1-0.3 mg m(-2) y(-1) in the early years of the 21(st) century. The latter values were in good agreement with directly measured atmospheric V fluxes at nearby sites, a finding also observed in the case of Pb. The decline in peat-core-derived fluxes for both V and Pb from 1970 to 2004, however, was not as large as the decline in official UK emission estimates for the two metals during this period. This, along with an order of magnitude discrepancy between the anthropogenic V/Pb ratios at the peat core surface and the higher values of the ratio for UK emissions in the early 2000s, suggests that the recently revised UK emissions data for V may perhaps still be overestimated and/or that some previously deposited Pb is being resuspended in the atmosphere.
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring/history ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Records as Topic ; Scotland ; Soil/analysis ; Vanadium/analysis ; Wetlands
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Soil ; Vanadium (00J9J9XKDE)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1453583-x
ISSN	1464-0333 ; 1464-0325
ISSN (online)	1464-0333
ISSN	1464-0325
DOI	10.1039/c0em00492h
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Article ; Online: A comparison of the isotopic composition of lead in rainwater, surface vegetation and tree bark at the long-term monitoring site, Glensaugh, Scotland, in 2007.

Farmer, John G / Eades, Lorna J / Graham, Margaret C / Cloy, Joanna M / Bacon, Jeffrey R

The Science of the total environment

2010 Volume 408, Issue 17, Page(s) 3704–3710

Abstract: The lead concentrations and isotopic ratios (206Pb/207Pb, 208Pb/206Pb, 208Pb/207Pb) of 31 rainwater (September 2006-December 2007) and 11 surface vegetation (moss, lichen, heather) samples (October 2007) from the rural upland catchment of Glensaugh in ... ...

Abstract	The lead concentrations and isotopic ratios (206Pb/207Pb, 208Pb/206Pb, 208Pb/207Pb) of 31 rainwater (September 2006-December 2007) and 11 surface vegetation (moss, lichen, heather) samples (October 2007) from the rural upland catchment of Glensaugh in northeast Scotland and of nine bark samples (October 2007) from trees, predominantly Scots pine, in or near Glensaugh were determined. The mean 206Pb/207Pb ratios for rainwater in 2006 and 2007 were similar to those previously determined for 2000 to 2003 at Glensaugh, yielding an average mean annual value of 1.151+/-0.005 (+/-1 SD) for the period from 2000, when an outright ban on leaded petrol came into force in the UK, to 2007. The mean 206Pb/207Pb ratio (1.146+/-0.004; n=7) for surface vegetation near the top (430-450 m) of the catchment was not significantly different (Student's t test) from that of rainwater (1.148+/-0.017; n=24) collected over the 12-month period prior to vegetation sampling, but both were significantly different, at the 0.1% (i.e. p<0.001) and 1% (p<0.01) level, respectively, from the corresponding mean value (1.134+/-0.006; n=9) for the outermost layer of tree bark. When considered in conjunction with similar direct evidence for 2002 and indirect evidence (e.g. grass, atmospheric particulates, dated peat) for recent decades in the Glensaugh area, these findings confirm that the lead isotopic composition of surface vegetation, including that of suitably located moss, reflects that of the atmosphere while that of the outermost layer of Scots pine bark is affected by non-contemporaneous lead. The nature and relative extent of the different contributory sources of lead to the current UK atmosphere in the era of unleaded petrol, however, are presently not well characterised on the basis of lead isotopic measurements.
MeSH term(s)	Calluna/metabolism ; Environmental Monitoring ; Environmental Pollutants/analysis ; Environmental Pollutants/metabolism ; Isotopes/analysis ; Lead/analysis ; Lead/metabolism ; Lichens/metabolism ; Plant Bark/metabolism ; Plants/metabolism ; Rain/chemistry ; Scotland ; Sphagnopsida/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Environmental Pollutants ; Isotopes ; Lead (2P299V784P)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-08-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.03.050
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