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  1. Article ; Online: Antimicrobial Activity of Glycine Air Polishing: A Clinical Split- Mouth Study on Full-Arch Implant-Supported Rehabilitations.

    Menini, Maria / Delucchi, Francesca / Renieri, Ilaria / Bagnasco, Francesco / Codda, Giulia / Di Tullio, Nicolò / Pesce, Paolo

    The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants

    2024  Volume 39, Issue 1, Page(s) 87–98

    Abstract: Purpose: To investigate the possible antimicrobial activity of glycine air polishing by comparing peri-implant microbiota before and after treatment.: Materials and methods: A total of 15 patients who received implant-supported full-arch fixed ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To investigate the possible antimicrobial activity of glycine air polishing by comparing peri-implant microbiota before and after treatment.
    Materials and methods: A total of 15 patients who received implant-supported full-arch fixed rehabilitations were included. After prosthesis removal (T0), Plaque Index (PI), probing depth (PD), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded. In each hemiarch, the implant with the highest PD score was selected for microbiologic sample collection from the peri-implant sulcus (T0). All patients received two different hygienic protocols (randomly administered, one per each hemiarch): glycine air-polishing (G) and cleansing with cotton pellets soaked in saline (C). At 7 days (T1) and 3 months (T2) after the intervention, PI and BOP were recorded, and new microbiologic samples were taken. Traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative PCR real-time were employed for microbiologic analysis to investigate how the presence of different bacterial species varied according to the hygienic treatment performed.
    Results: Treatment G provided a significantly higher PI score reduction around implants compared to treatment C (P = .015). No statistical difference was found in the microbial population around G and C implant sites, with Tannerella forsythia being the most commonly detected bacterial species in both G and C groups. No statistical differences were found between the antimicrobial activity of treatments C and G.
    Conclusions: Glycine powder air polishing is a valid method for professional hygienic care of implants and was more effective in PI reduction compared to the control treatment. However, its antimicrobial efficacy cannot be confirmed by the outcomes of the present study.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Dental Polishing ; Dental Implants ; Mouth ; Face ; Glycine/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Dental Implants ; Glycine (TE7660XO1C)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632880-5
    ISSN 1942-4434 ; 0882-2786
    ISSN (online) 1942-4434
    ISSN 0882-2786
    DOI 10.11607/jomi.10093
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  2. Article ; Online: Lower (1,3)-beta-d-glucan sensitivity and in vitro levels in Candida auris and Candida parapsilosis strains.

    Mikulska, Malgorzata / Ullah, Nadir / Magnasco, Laura / Codda, Giulia / Bartalucci, Claudia / Miletich, Franca / Sepulcri, Chiara / Willison, Edward / Vena, Antonio / Giacobbe, Daniele R / di Pilato, Vincenzo / Robba, Chiara / Ball, Lorenzo / Marchese, Anna / Bassetti, Matteo

    Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

    2024  

    Abstract: Objectives: The serum (1,3)-beta-d-glucan (BDG) assay gives quicker results and has higher sensitivity than blood cultures, therefore it is advised for early diagnosis of invasive candidemia and/or discontinuation of empirical therapy. Its sensitivity ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The serum (1,3)-beta-d-glucan (BDG) assay gives quicker results and has higher sensitivity than blood cultures, therefore it is advised for early diagnosis of invasive candidemia and/or discontinuation of empirical therapy. Its sensitivity may depend on different factors. The aim of our study was to analyse the in vitro and in vivo BDG levels in clinical isolates of three species of Candida responsible for candidemia.
    Methods: C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. auris strains were collected from blood cultures of patients who had a concurrent (-1 to +3 days) serum BDG test (Fungitell assay). Supernatants of all strains were tested in quadruplicate for BDG levels.
    Results: Twenty-two C. auris, 14 C. albicans, and ten C. parapsilosis strains were included. The median BDG levels in supernatants were 463 pg/mL (interquartile range [IQR] 379-648) for C. auris, 1080 pg/mL (IQR 830-1276) for C. albicans, and 755 pg/mL (IQR 511-930) for C. parapsilosis, with the significant difference among the species (p < 0.0001). Median serum BDG levels (IQR) were significantly lower in case C. auris and C. parapsilosis vs. C. albicans (p < 0.0001), respectively, 50 pg/mL (IQR 15-161) and 57 pg/mL (IQR 18-332), vs. 372 pg/mL (IQR 102-520). Sensitivity of serum BDG was 39% (95% confidence interval [CI], 18-64) in case of C. auris, 30% (95% CI, 8-65) C. parapsilosis and 78% (95% CI, 49-94) C. albicans candidemia.
    Discussion: In our centre C. auris and C. parapsilosis strains have lower BDG content as compared with C. albicans, with a potential impact on serum BDG performance for the diagnosis of candidemia.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1328418-6
    ISSN 1469-0691 ; 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    ISSN (online) 1469-0691
    ISSN 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmi.2024.02.012
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  3. Article ; Online: Levels of beta-D-glucan in Candida auris supernatants, an in vitro and in vivo preliminary study.

    Mikulska, Malgorzata / Furfaro, Elisa / Magnasco, Laura / Codda, Giulia / Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto / Dentone, Chiara / Vena, Antonio / Marchese, Anna / Bassetti, Matteo

    Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

    2022  Volume 28, Issue 8, Page(s) 1154.e1–1154.e3

    Abstract: Objectives: Serum (1,3)-beta-d-glucan (BDG) assay is a non-culture-based test recommended for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis owing to its faster results and higher sensitivity than blood cultures. Its performance might vary for different Candida ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Serum (1,3)-beta-d-glucan (BDG) assay is a non-culture-based test recommended for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis owing to its faster results and higher sensitivity than blood cultures. Its performance might vary for different Candida species. The aim of this study was to determine in vitro levels of BDG in Candida auris culture supernatants and evaluate BDG levels in patients with C. auris candidemia sustained by these stains.
    Methods: C. auris strains were collected from blood cultures of patients who had a concomitant (-24 to +72 hours) serum BDG test (Fungitell assay). Supernatants of broth media culture of C. auris strains and two Candida albicans (controls) strains were prepared and tested for BDG.
    Results: Ten C auris strains were included. Supernatants of two C. albicans considered as controls had a mean BDG level of 1155 pg/mL (considered 100% reactivity). The median BDG level in supernatants of C. auris strains was 275 pg/mL (IQR 165-523 pg/mL), with a median reactivity of 24% (range 6%-72%). In vivo, the median BDG level was 129 pg/mL (IQR, 28-199 pg/mL). Sensitivity of BDG for C. auris candidemia was 60%. All patients received antifungal treatment with an echinocandin initiated a median of 2 days (IQR -8 to 0) before blood collection for BDG.
    Discussion: Our C. auris strains released lower amounts of BDG when compared to C. albicans. Clinical implications include lower sensitivity of serum BDG for the diagnosis of C. auris candidemia with a consequent impact on management protocols in settings with high prevalence of this species.
    MeSH term(s) Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Candida auris ; Candidemia/diagnosis ; Candidemia/drug therapy ; Candidiasis, Invasive/diagnosis ; Candidiasis, Invasive/drug therapy ; Glucans ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; beta-Glucans
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents ; Glucans ; beta-Glucans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1328418-6
    ISSN 1469-0691 ; 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    ISSN (online) 1469-0691
    ISSN 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.02.045
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  4. Article ; Online: In vivo evolution to echinocandin resistance and increasing clonal heterogeneity in

    Codda, Giulia / Willison, Edward / Magnasco, Laura / Morici, Paola / Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto / Mencacci, Antonella / Marini, Daniele / Mikulska, Malgorzata / Bassetti, Matteo / Marchese, Anna / Di Pilato, Vincenzo

    Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 14

    Abstract: A difficult-to-control outbreak ... ...

    Abstract A difficult-to-control outbreak of
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Echinocandins/pharmacology ; Echinocandins/therapeutic use ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Candida auris ; Retrospective Studies ; Candida/genetics ; Disease Outbreaks ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Drug Resistance, Fungal/genetics
    Chemical Substances Echinocandins ; Antifungal Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-06
    Publishing country Sweden
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1338803-4
    ISSN 1560-7917 ; 1025-496X
    ISSN (online) 1560-7917
    ISSN 1025-496X
    DOI 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.14.2300161
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  5. Article ; Online: Functional features of KPC-109, a novel 270-loop KPC-3 mutant mediating resistance to avibactam-based β-lactamase inhibitor combinations and cefiderocol.

    Di Pilato, Vincenzo / Codda, Giulia / Niccolai, Claudia / Willison, Edward / Wong, Joshua L C / Coppo, Erika / Frankel, Gad / Marchese, Anna / Rossolini, Gian Maria

    International journal of antimicrobial agents

    2023  Volume 63, Issue 1, Page(s) 107030

    Abstract: Objectives: To investigate a ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA)-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (NE368), isolated from a patient exposed to CZA, expressing a novel K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-3 variant (KPC-109).: Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility ...

    Abstract Objectives: To investigate a ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA)-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (NE368), isolated from a patient exposed to CZA, expressing a novel K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-3 variant (KPC-109).
    Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by reference broth microdilution. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis of NE368 was performed combining a short- and long-reads approach (Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technologies). Functional characterization of KPC-109 was performed to investigate the impact of KPC-109 production on the β-lactam resistance phenotype of various Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, including derivatives of K. pneumoniae with OmpK35 and OmpK36 porin alterations. Horizontal transfer of the KPC-109-encoding plasmid was investigated by conjugation and transformation experiments.
    Results: K. pneumoniae NE368 was isolated from a patient after repeated CZA exposure, and showed resistance to CZA, fluoroquinolones, piperacillin/tazobactam, expanded-spectrum cephalosporins, amikacin, carbapenems and cefiderocol. WGS revealed the presence of a large chimeric plasmid of original structure (pKPN-NE368), encoding a novel 270-loop mutated KPC-3 variant (KPC-109; ins_270_KYNKDD). KPC-109 production mediated resistance/decreased susceptibility to avibactam-based combinations (with ceftazidime, cefepime and aztreonam) and cefiderocol, with a trade-off on carbapenem resistance. However, in the presence of porin alterations commonly encountered in high-risk clonal lineages of K. pneumoniae, KPC-109 was also able to confer clinical-level resistance to carbapenems. Resistance of NE368 to cefiderocol was likely contributed by KPC-109 production acting in concert with a mutated EnvZ sensor kinase. The KPC-109-encoding plasmid did not appear to be conjugative.
    Conclusions: These findings expand current knowledge about the diversity of emerging KPC enzyme variants with 270-loop alterations that can be encountered in the clinical setting.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Ceftazidime/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Cefiderocol ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; beta-Lactamases/genetics ; beta-Lactamases/metabolism ; Azabicyclo Compounds/pharmacology ; Carbapenems/pharmacology ; Drug Combinations ; Porins/genetics ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
    Chemical Substances Ceftazidime (9M416Z9QNR) ; carbapenemase (EC 3.5.2.6) ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors ; Cefiderocol (SZ34OMG6E8) ; avibactam (7352665165) ; Bacterial Proteins ; beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6) ; Azabicyclo Compounds ; Carbapenems ; Drug Combinations ; Porins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-04
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1093977-5
    ISSN 1872-7913 ; 0924-8579
    ISSN (online) 1872-7913
    ISSN 0924-8579
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.107030
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  6. Article ; Online: Molecular Epidemiological Investigation of a Nosocomial Cluster of

    Di Pilato, Vincenzo / Codda, Giulia / Ball, Lorenzo / Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto / Willison, Edward / Mikulska, Malgorzata / Magnasco, Laura / Crea, Francesca / Vena, Antonio / Pelosi, Paolo / Bassetti, Matteo / Marchese, Anna

    Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 7, Issue 2

    Abstract: ... Candida ... ...

    Abstract Candida auris
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2784229-0
    ISSN 2309-608X ; 2309-608X
    ISSN (online) 2309-608X
    ISSN 2309-608X
    DOI 10.3390/jof7020140
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  7. Article ; Online: Isolation of

    Crea, Francesca / Codda, Giulia / Orsi, Andrea / Battaglini, Alberto / Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto / Delfino, Emanuele / Ungaro, Riccardo / Marchese, Anna

    Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin

    2019  Volume 24, Issue 37

    Abstract: We recently ... ...

    Abstract We recently isolated
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Candida/genetics ; Candida/isolation & purification ; Candidiasis/diagnosis ; Candidiasis/drug therapy ; Caspofungin/pharmacology ; Caspofungin/therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal ; Female ; Fever/etiology ; Humans ; Italy ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Postoperative Complications/virology ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/methods ; Vascular Diseases/complications ; Vascular Diseases/surgery
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents ; Caspofungin (F0XDI6ZL63)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-10
    Publishing country Sweden
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1338803-4
    ISSN 1560-7917 ; 1025-496X
    ISSN (online) 1560-7917
    ISSN 1025-496X
    DOI 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.37.1900549
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  8. Article ; Online: Multicenter study on the prevalence of colonization due to carbapenem-resistant

    Fasciana, Teresa / Antonelli, Alberto / Bianco, Gabriele / Lombardo, Donatella / Codda, Giulia / Roscetto, Emanuela / Perez, Marianna / Lipari, Dario / Arrigo, Ignazio / Galia, Elena / Tricoli, Maria Rita / Calvo, Maddalena / Niccolai, Claudia / Morecchiato, Fabio / Errico, Giulia / Stefani, Stefania / Cavallo, Rossana / Marchese, Anna / Catania, Maria Rosaria /
    Ambretti, Simone / Rossolini, Gian Maria / Pantosti, Annalisa / Palamara, Anna Teresa / Sabbatucci, Michela / Serra, Nicola / Giammanco, Anna

    Frontiers in public health

    2023  Volume 11, Page(s) 1270924

    Abstract: Background: Among multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria able to threaten human health, carbapenem-resistant : Objective: The purpose of this study was to outline the epidemiology of CRE colonization in Italy, detecting CRE-colonized patients at ... ...

    Abstract Background: Among multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria able to threaten human health, carbapenem-resistant
    Objective: The purpose of this study was to outline the epidemiology of CRE colonization in Italy, detecting CRE-colonized patients at admission and during hospitalization, before and during the first year of COVID-19.
    Materials and methods: A total of 11,063 patients admitted to seven different hospitals (Bologna, Catania, Florence, Genoa, Naples, Palermo, and Turin) in Intensive Care Units (ICU) and other wards (non-ICU) located in the North, Center, and South of Italy were enrolled and screened for CRE carriage at admission (T0) and during the first 3 weeks of hospitalization (T1-T3). The study spanned two periods, before (September 2018-Septemeber 2019, I observational period) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (October 2019-September 2020, II observational period).
    Results: Overall, the prevalence of CRE-colonized patients at admission in ICU or in other ward, ranged from 3.9 to 11.5%, while a percentage from 5.1 to 15.5% of patients acquired CRE during hospital stay. There were large differences between the I and II period of study according to the different geographical areas and enrolling centers. Overall, comparison of prevalence of CRE-positive patients showed a significant increased trend between I and II observational periods both in ICU and non-ICU wards, mostly in the Southern participating centers. KPC-producing
    Conclusion: The prevalence of CRE in Italy highly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, mostly in the Southern hospital centers. KPC-producing
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Carbapenems/pharmacology ; Carbapenems/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Italy/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Prevalence ; Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae ; Enterobacteriaceae Infections/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Carbapenems
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Multicenter Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1270924
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  9. Article ; Online: Changing epidemiology of candidaemia: Increase in fluconazole-resistant Candida parapsilosis.

    Mesini, Alessio / Mikulska, Małgorzata / Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto / Del Puente, Filippo / Gandolfo, Nemo / Codda, Giulia / Orsi, Andrea / Tassinari, Federico / Beltramini, Sabrina / Marchese, Anna / Icardi, Giancarlo / Del Bono, Valerio / Viscoli, Claudio

    Mycoses

    2020  Volume 63, Issue 4, Page(s) 361–368

    Abstract: Aim: During the last decade a continuous increase in non-albicans species isolation has been observed with Candida parapsilosis being one of the leading species. Aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of candidemia, particularly of C ... ...

    Abstract Aim: During the last decade a continuous increase in non-albicans species isolation has been observed with Candida parapsilosis being one of the leading species. Aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of candidemia, particularly of C parapsilosis, its predictors and clinical outcome.
    Materials and methods: Incidences of candidemia was evaluated analyzing data from both a prospective collection (2012-2016) and a retrospective one (2008-2011). Predictors and outcome were based only on the prospective phase. C parapsilosis potential clusters were analysed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique.
    Results: 1240 episodes were identified. Incidences of candidemia increased from 1.97 episodes/10 000 patient-days in 2008 to 4.59/10 000 patient-days in 2016 (P < .001), mainly due to an increase of C parapsilosis (incidence rate ratio, IRR: 1.04, P < .001). 33.0% of C parapsilosis strains were resistant to fluconazole; no resistance to echinocandins was found. Independent predictors of C parapsilosis candidemia were time of infection (P = .007), previous use of echinocandins (P < .0001) and year in which the episode was registered (P < .0001). 30 days mortality was 32.4% for C parapsilosis, with a significant difference compared to C non-parapsilosis. Potential clonal C parapsilosis strains were detected by genetic analyses, showing RAPD profile A as the most represented (72.6% of isolates).
    Discussion: C parapsilosis candidemia is an emerging issue in our center, possibly attributed to some extent to horizontal transmission of the pathogen, as confirmed by the analysis of isolates similarities. Further microbiological and epidemiological investigations are needed in order to identify the most effective measures to reduce the rate of this infection.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Candida parapsilosis/drug effects ; Candida parapsilosis/isolation & purification ; Candidemia/epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Fungal ; Female ; Fluconazole/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique ; Retrospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents ; Fluconazole (8VZV102JFY)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-20
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392487-7
    ISSN 1439-0507 ; 0933-7407
    ISSN (online) 1439-0507
    ISSN 0933-7407
    DOI 10.1111/myc.13050
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  10. Article: Spread of Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negatives and

    Magnasco, Laura / Mikulska, Malgorzata / Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto / Taramasso, Lucia / Vena, Antonio / Dentone, Chiara / Dettori, Silvia / Tutino, Stefania / Labate, Laura / Di Pilato, Vincenzo / Crea, Francesca / Coppo, Erika / Codda, Giulia / Robba, Chiara / Ball, Lorenzo / Patroniti, Nicolo' / Marchese, Anna / Pelosi, Paolo / Bassetti, Matteo

    Microorganisms

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 1

    Abstract: The possible negative impact of severe adult respiratory distress caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (COVID-19) on antimicrobial stewardship and infection control has been postulated, but few real-life data ... ...

    Abstract The possible negative impact of severe adult respiratory distress caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (COVID-19) on antimicrobial stewardship and infection control has been postulated, but few real-life data are available. The aim of this study was to report our experience with colonization/infection of carbapenem-resistant
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms9010095
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