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  1. Article ; Online: Diabetes mellitus does not alter mortality or hospitalisation risk in patients with newly diagnosed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Time to rethink pathophysiological models of disease progression.

    Gierula, John / Straw, Sam / Cole, Charlotte A / Lowry, Judith E / Paton, Maria F / McGinlay, Melanie / Witte, Klaus K / Grant, Peter J / Wheatcroft, Stephen B / Drozd, Michael / Slater, Thomas A / Cubbon, Richard M / Kearney, Mark T

    Diabetes & vascular disease research

    2024  Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 14791641231224241

    Abstract: Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is a common and adverse prognostic co-morbidity for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The effect of diabetes on long-term outcomes for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) ...

    Abstract Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is a common and adverse prognostic co-morbidity for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The effect of diabetes on long-term outcomes for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is less established.
    Methods: Prospective cohort study of patients referred to a regional HF clinic with newly diagnosed with HFrEF and HFpEF according to the 2016 European Society of Cardiology guidelines. The association between diabetes, all-cause mortality and hospitalisation was quantified using Kaplan-Meier or Cox regression analysis.
    Results: Between 1st May 2012 and 1st May 2013, of 960 unselected consecutive patients referred with suspected HF, 464 and 314 patients met the criteria for HFpEF and HFrEF respectively. Within HFpEF and HFrEF groups, patients with diabetes were more frequently male and in both groups patients with diabetes were more likely to be treated with β-adrenoceptor antagonists and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. After adjustment for age, sex, medical therapy and co-morbidities, diabetes was associated with increased mortality in individuals with HFrEF (HR 1.46 95% CI: 1.05-2.02;
    Conclusion: In unselected patients with newly diagnosed HF, diabetes is not an adverse prognostic marker in patients with HFpEF, but is in HFrEF.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Heart Failure ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis ; Prospective Studies ; Stroke Volume/physiology ; Disease Progression ; Prognosis ; Hospitalization
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2250793-0
    ISSN 1752-8984 ; 1479-1641
    ISSN (online) 1752-8984
    ISSN 1479-1641
    DOI 10.1177/14791641231224241
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  2. Article: Atrial secondary mitral regurgitation: prevalence, characteristics, management, and long-term outcomes.

    Straw, Sam / Gupta, Ankit / Johnson, Kerryanne / Cole, Charlotte A / Kneizeh, Kinan / Gierula, John / Kearney, Mark T / Malkin, Christopher J / Paton, Maria F / Witte, Klaus K / Schlosshan, Dominik

    Echo research and practice

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 4

    Abstract: Background: The prevalence, clinical characteristics, management and long-term outcomes of patients with atrial secondary mitral regurgitation (ASMR) are not well described.: Methods: We performed a retrospective, observational study of consecutive ... ...

    Abstract Background: The prevalence, clinical characteristics, management and long-term outcomes of patients with atrial secondary mitral regurgitation (ASMR) are not well described.
    Methods: We performed a retrospective, observational study of consecutive patients with grade III/IV MR determined by transthoracic echocardiography. The aetiology of MR was grouped as being either primary (due to degenerative mitral valve disease), ventricular SMR (VSMR: due to left ventricular dilatation/dysfunction), ASMR (due to LA dilatation), or other.
    Results: A total of 388 individuals were identified who had grade III/IV MR; of whom 37 (9.5%) had ASMR, 113 (29.1%) had VSMR, 193 had primary MR (49.7%), and 45 (11.6%) were classified as having other causes. Compared to MR of other subtypes, patients with ASMR were on average older (median age 82 [74-87] years, p < 0.001), were more likely to be female (67.6%, p = 0.004) and usually had atrial fibrillation (83.8%, p = 0.001). All-cause mortality was highest in patients with ASMR (p < 0.001), but similar to that in patients with VSMR once adjusted for age and sex (hazard ratio [HR] 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52-1.25). Hospitalisation for worsening heart failure was more commonly observed in those with ASMR or VSMR (p < 0.001) although was similar between these groups when age and sex were accounted for (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.34-1.58). For patients with ASMR, the only variables associated with outcomes were age and co-morbidities.
    Conclusions: ASMR is a prevalent and distinct disease process associated with a poor prognosis, with much of this related to older age and co-morbidities.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2777997-X
    ISSN 2055-0464
    ISSN 2055-0464
    DOI 10.1186/s44156-023-00015-y
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  3. Article ; Online: Seven Essential Elements for Creating Effective Children's Media to Promote Peacebuilding: Lessons from International Coproductions of Sesame Street and Other Children's Media Programs.

    Cole, Charlotte F / Lee, June H / Bucuvalas, Abigail / Sırali, Yasemin

    New directions for child and adolescent development

    2018  Volume 2018, Issue 159, Page(s) 55–69

    Abstract: Children's media have the capacity to prepare young learners to develop the knowledge, attitudes, and skills they need to contribute to a more peaceful world. Research suggests international coproductions of Sesame Street and other children's media ... ...

    Abstract Children's media have the capacity to prepare young learners to develop the knowledge, attitudes, and skills they need to contribute to a more peaceful world. Research suggests international coproductions of Sesame Street and other children's media efforts are linked to positive impact on how viewers perceive themselves and their own cultures, as well as how they perceive others. Creating such media, however, relies on a commitment to a complex development process where the educational needs of children are considered alongside intra- and intergroup dynamics and political realities. This paper presents a practitioners' perspective on the essential components of children's media programs for peacebuilding and, in so doing, recommends a way forward for producing children's media in this domain.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Child Development ; Humans ; Motion Pictures ; Program Development ; Television
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 1534-8687 ; 1520-3247
    ISSN (online) 1534-8687
    ISSN 1520-3247
    DOI 10.1002/cad.20229
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  4. Article ; Online: To the Editor-New phones, old problem? Interference with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices by phones containing magnets.

    Patterson, Zara / Straw, Sam / Drozd, Michael / Paton, Maria F / Cole, Charlotte / Witte, Klaus K / Gierula, John

    Heart rhythm

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 6, Page(s) 1041

    MeSH term(s) Defibrillators, Implantable/adverse effects ; Electronics ; Magnets/adverse effects ; Pacemaker, Artificial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2229357-7
    ISSN 1556-3871 ; 1547-5271
    ISSN (online) 1556-3871
    ISSN 1547-5271
    DOI 10.1016/j.hrthm.2021.01.029
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  5. Article ; Online: 4D Flow Cardiac MR in Primary Mitral Regurgitation.

    Gorecka, Miroslawa / Cole, Charlotte / Bissell, Malenka M / Craven, Thomas P / Chew, Pei G / Dobson, Laura E / Brown, Louise A E / Paton, Maria F / Higgins, David M / Thirunavukarasu, Sharmaine / Sharrack, Noor / Javed, Wasim / Kotha, Sindhoora / Giannoudi, Marilena / Procter, Henry / Parent, Martine / Kidambi, Ananth / Swoboda, Peter P / Plein, Sven /
    Levelt, Eylem / Garg, Pankaj / Greenwood, John P

    Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Four-dimensional-flow cardiac MR (4DF-MR) offers advantages in primary mitral regurgitation. The relationship between 4DF-MR-derived mitral regurgitant volume (MR-Rvol) and the post-operative left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling has not ... ...

    Abstract Background: Four-dimensional-flow cardiac MR (4DF-MR) offers advantages in primary mitral regurgitation. The relationship between 4DF-MR-derived mitral regurgitant volume (MR-Rvol) and the post-operative left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling has not yet been established.
    Purpose: To ascertain if the 4DF-MR-derived MR-Rvol correlates with the LV reverse remodeling in primary mitral regurgitation.
    Study type: Prospective, single-center, two arm, interventional vs. nonintervention observational study.
    Population: Forty-four patients (male N = 30; median age 68 [59-75]) with at least moderate primary mitral regurgitation; either awaiting mitral valve surgery (repair [MVr], replacement [MVR]) or undergoing "watchful waiting" (WW).
    Field strength/sequence: 5 T/Balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) sequence/Phase contrast imaging/Multishot echo-planar imaging pulse sequence (five shots).
    Assessment: Patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), phase-contrast MR (PMRI), 4DF-MR and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) at baseline, and a follow-up PMRI and 6MWT at 6 months. MR-Rvol was quantified by PMRI, 4DF-MR, and TTE by one observer. The pre-operative MR-Rvol was correlated with the post-operative decrease in the LV end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVi).
    Statistical tests: Included Student t-test/Mann-Whitney test/Fisher's exact test, Bland-Altman plots, linear regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05.
    Results: While Bland-Altman plots demonstrated similar bias between all the modalities, the limits of agreement were narrower between 4DF-MR and PMRI (bias 15; limits of agreement -36 mL to 65 mL), than between 4DF-MR and TTE (bias -8; limits of agreement -106 mL to 90 mL) and PMRI and TTE (bias -23; limits of agreement -105 mL to 59 mL). Linear regression analysis demonstrated a significant association between the MR-Rvol and the post-operative decrease in the LVEDVi, when the MR-Rvol was quantified by PMRI and 4DF-MR, but not by TTE (P = 0.73). 4DF-MR demonstrated the best diagnostic performance for reduction in the post-operative LVEDVi with the largest area under the curve (4DF-MR 0.83; vs. PMRI 0.78; and TTE 0.51; P = 0.89).
    Data conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential clinical utility of 4DF-MR in the assessment of primary mitral regurgitation.
    Evidence level: 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 5.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1146614-5
    ISSN 1522-2586 ; 1053-1807
    ISSN (online) 1522-2586
    ISSN 1053-1807
    DOI 10.1002/jmri.29284
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  6. Article ; Online: Guideline-directed medical therapy is similarly effective in heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction.

    Straw, Sam / Cole, Charlotte A / McGinlay, Melanie / Drozd, Michael / Slater, Thomas A / Lowry, Judith E / Paton, Maria F / Levelt, Eylem / Cubbon, Richard M / Kearney, Mark T / Witte, Klaus K / Gierula, John

    Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society

    2022  Volume 112, Issue 1, Page(s) 111–122

    Abstract: Aims: Current guidelines recommend that disease-modifying pharmacological therapies may be considered for patients who have heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF). We aimed to describe the characteristics, outcomes, provision of ... ...

    Abstract Aims: Current guidelines recommend that disease-modifying pharmacological therapies may be considered for patients who have heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF). We aimed to describe the characteristics, outcomes, provision of pharmacological therapies and dose-related associations with mortality risk in HFmrEF.
    Methods and results: We explored data from two prospective observational studies, which permitted the examination of the effects of pharmacological therapies across a broad spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The combined dataset consisted of 2388 unique patients, with a mean age of 73.7 ± 13.2 years of whom 1525 (63.9%) were male. LVEF ranged from 5 to 71% (mean 37.2 ± 12.8%) and 1504 (63.0%) were categorised as having reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), 421 (17.6%) as HFmrEF and 463 (19.4%) as preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Patients with HFmrEF more closely resembled HFrEF than HFpEF. Adjusted all-cause mortality risk was lower in HFmrEF (hazard ratio [HR] 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74-0.99); p = 0.040) and in HFpEF (HR 0.61 (95% CI 0.52-0.71); p < 0.001) compared to HFrEF. Adjusted all-cause mortality risk was lower in patients with HFrEF and HFmrEF who received the highest doses of beta-blockers or renin-angiotensin inhibitors. These associations were not evident in HFpEF. Once adjusted for relevant confounders, each mg equivalent of bisoprolol (HR 0.95 [95% CI 0.91-1.00]; p = 0.047) and ramipril (HR 0.95 [95%CI 0.90-1.00]; p = 0.044) was associated with incremental reductions in mortality risk in patients with HFmrEF.
    Conclusions: Pharmacological therapies were associated with lower mortality risk in HFmrEF, supporting guideline recommendations which extend the indications of these agents to all patients with LVEF < 50%. HFmrEF more closely resembles HFrEF in terms of clinical characteristics and outcomes. Pharmacological therapies are associated with lower mortality risk in HFmrEF and HFrEF, but not in HFpEF.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Heart Failure ; Stroke Volume ; Ventricular Function, Left ; Prognosis ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-04
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2213295-8
    ISSN 1861-0692 ; 1861-0684
    ISSN (online) 1861-0692
    ISSN 1861-0684
    DOI 10.1007/s00392-022-02053-8
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  7. Article ; Online: The COSMIC Cancer Gene Census: describing genetic dysfunction across all human cancers.

    Sondka, Zbyslaw / Bamford, Sally / Cole, Charlotte G / Ward, Sari A / Dunham, Ian / Forbes, Simon A

    Nature reviews. Cancer

    2018  Volume 18, Issue 11, Page(s) 696–705

    Abstract: The Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) Cancer Gene Census (CGC) is an expert-curated description of the genes driving human cancer that is used as a standard in cancer genetics across basic research, medical reporting and pharmaceutical ... ...

    Abstract The Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) Cancer Gene Census (CGC) is an expert-curated description of the genes driving human cancer that is used as a standard in cancer genetics across basic research, medical reporting and pharmaceutical development. After a major expansion and complete re-evaluation, the 2018 CGC describes in detail the effect of 719 cancer-driving genes. The recent expansion includes functional and mechanistic descriptions of how each gene contributes to disease generation in terms of the key cancer hallmarks and the impact of mutations on gene and protein function. These functional characteristics depict the extraordinary complexity of cancer biology and suggest multiple cancer-related functions for many genes, which are often highly tissue-dependent or tumour stage-dependent. The 2018 CGC encompasses a second tier, describing an expanding list of genes (currently 145) from more recent cancer studies that show supportive but less detailed indications of a role in cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Censuses ; Humans ; Mutation/genetics ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/pathology ; Neoplasms/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2062767-1
    ISSN 1474-1768 ; 1474-175X
    ISSN (online) 1474-1768
    ISSN 1474-175X
    DOI 10.1038/s41568-018-0060-1
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  8. Article ; Online: Personalised reprogramming to prevent progressive pacemaker-related left ventricular dysfunction: A phase II randomised, controlled clinical trial.

    Paton, Maria F / Gierula, John / Lowry, Judith E / Cairns, David A / Bose Rosling, Kieran / Cole, Charlotte A / McGinlay, Melanie / Straw, Sam / Byrom, Rowena / Cubbon, Richard M / Kearney, Mark T / Witte, Klaus K

    PloS one

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 12, Page(s) e0259450

    Abstract: Background: Pacemakers are widely utilised to treat bradycardia, but right ventricular (RV) pacing is associated with heightened risk of left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and heart failure. We aimed to compare personalised pacemaker ... ...

    Abstract Background: Pacemakers are widely utilised to treat bradycardia, but right ventricular (RV) pacing is associated with heightened risk of left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and heart failure. We aimed to compare personalised pacemaker reprogramming to avoid RV pacing with usual care on echocardiographic and patient-orientated outcomes.
    Methods: A prospective phase II randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial in 100 patients with a pacemaker implanted for indications other than third degree heart block for ≥2 years. Personalised pacemaker reprogramming was guided by a published protocol. Primary outcome was change in LV ejection fraction on echocardiography after 6 months. Secondary outcomes included LV remodeling, quality of life, and battery longevity.
    Results: Clinical and pacemaker variables were similar between groups. The mean age (SD) of participants was 76 (+/-9) years and 71% were male. Nine patients withdrew due to concurrent illness, leaving 91 patients in the intention-to-treat analysis. At 6 months, personalised programming compared to usual care, reduced RV pacing (-6.5±1.8% versus -0.21±1.7%; p<0.01), improved LV function (LV ejection fraction +3.09% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48 to 5.70%; p = 0.02]) and LV dimensions (LV end systolic volume indexed to body surface area -2.99mL/m2 [95% CI -5.69 to -0.29; p = 0.03]). Intervention also preserved battery longevity by approximately 5 months (+0.38 years [95% CI 0.14 to 0.62; p<0.01)) with no evidence of an effect on quality of life (+0.19, [95% CI -0.25 to 0.62; p = 0.402]).
    Conclusions: Personalised programming in patients with pacemakers for bradycardia can improve LV function and size, extend battery longevity, and is safe and acceptable to patients.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03627585.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bradycardia/therapy ; Double-Blind Method ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Heart Ventricles/physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/blood ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care ; Pacemaker, Artificial/adverse effects ; Patient-Specific Modeling ; Peptide Fragments/blood ; Quality of Life ; Stroke Volume ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/etiology ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/prevention & control ; Ventricular Remodeling
    Chemical Substances Peptide Fragments ; pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76) ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain (114471-18-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial, Phase II ; Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0259450
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  9. Article ; Online: Impact of QRS duration on left ventricular remodelling and survival in patients with heart failure.

    Straw, Sam / McGinlay, Melanie / Gierula, John / Lowry, Judith E / Paton, Maria F / Cole, Charlotte / Drozd, Michael / Koshy, Aaron O / Mullens, Wilfried / Cubbon, Richard M / Kearney, Mark T / Witte, Klaus K

    Journal of cardiovascular medicine (Hagerstown, Md.)

    2021  Volume 22, Issue 11, Page(s) 848–856

    Abstract: Aims: In patients with chronic heart failure, QRS duration is a consistent predictor of poor outcomes. It has been suggested that for indicated patients, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) could come sooner in the treatment algorithm, perhaps in ... ...

    Abstract Aims: In patients with chronic heart failure, QRS duration is a consistent predictor of poor outcomes. It has been suggested that for indicated patients, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) could come sooner in the treatment algorithm, perhaps in parallel with the attainment of optimal guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). We aimed to investigate differences in left ventricular (LV) remodelling in those with narrow QRS (NQRS) compared with wide QRS (WQRS) in the absence of CRT, whether an early CRT strategy resulted in unnecessary implants and the effect of early CRT on outcomes.
    Methods: Our cohort consisted of 214 consecutive patients with LV ejection fraction (LVEF) of 35% or less who underwent repeat echocardiography 1 year after enrolment. Of these, 116 patients had NQRS, and 98 had WQRS of whom 40 received CRT within 1 year and 58 did not.
    Results: In the absence of CRT, patients with WQRS had less LV reverse remodelling compared with those with NQRS, with differences in ΔLVEF (+2 vs. +9%, P < 0.001) ΔLV end-diastolic diameter (-1 vs. -2 mm, P = 0.095), ΔLV end-systolic diameter (-2 vs. -4.5 mm, P = 0.038), LV end-systolic volume (-12.6 vs. -25.0 ml, P = 0.054) and LV end-diastolic volume (-7.3 vs. -12.2 ml, P = 0.071). LVEF was more likely to improve by at least 10% if patients had NQRS or received CRT (P = 0.08). Thirteen (24%) patients with WQRS achieved an LVEF greater than 35% in the absence of CRT; however, none achieved greater than 50%.
    Conclusion: A strictly linear approach to heart failure therapy might lead to delays to optimal treatment in those patients with the most to gain from CRT and the least to gain from GDMT.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy/methods ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography/methods ; Female ; Heart Failure/diagnosis ; Heart Failure/physiopathology ; Heart Failure/therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Stroke Volume/physiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Ventricular Function, Left/physiology ; Ventricular Remodeling/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2223461-5
    ISSN 1558-2035 ; 1558-2027
    ISSN (online) 1558-2035
    ISSN 1558-2027
    DOI 10.2459/JCM.0000000000001231
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  10. Article ; Online: Diabetes, gender and deterioration in estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with chronic heart failure: Ten-year prospective cohort study.

    Kearney, Jessica / Drozd, Michael / Walker, Andrew Mn / Slater, Thomas A / Straw, Sam / Gierula, John / Paton, Maria / Lowry, Judith / Cole, Charlotte / Witte, Klaus K / Cubbon, Richard M / Kearney, Mark T

    Diabetes & vascular disease research

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 1479164120984433

    Abstract: Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between temporal changes in renal function and long-term mortality in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and identify correlates of deteriorating renal function.: ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between temporal changes in renal function and long-term mortality in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and identify correlates of deteriorating renal function.
    Methods: A total of 381 patients with HFrEF enrolled in a prospective cohort study between 2006-2014 had eGFR measured at initial visit and at 1 year. Baseline characteristics were used in a multivariate analysis to establish variables that predict deterioration in eGFR. Follow-up data were used to assess whether declining eGFR was related to outcomes.
    Results: Patients were grouped into tertiles based on percentage change in eGFR. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex was associated with a 1.77-fold ([95% CI 1.01-2.89];
    Conclusions: In patients with HFrEF diabetes and male sex are independent predictors of a decline in eGFR at 1 year. A decline eGFR over 1 year is associated with higher long-term all-cause mortality.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Cause of Death ; Chronic Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus/mortality ; Diabetes Mellitus/physiopathology ; Diabetic Nephropathies/diagnosis ; Diabetic Nephropathies/mortality ; Diabetic Nephropathies/physiopathology ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Heart Failure/diagnosis ; Heart Failure/mortality ; Heart Failure/physiopathology ; Humans ; Kidney/physiopathology ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/mortality ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/mortality ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Time Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 2250793-0
    ISSN 1752-8984 ; 1479-1641
    ISSN (online) 1752-8984
    ISSN 1479-1641
    DOI 10.1177/1479164120984433
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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