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  1. Article ; Online: Mucosal and systemic immune correlates of viral control after SARS-CoV-2 infection challenge in seronegative adults.

    Wagstaffe, Helen R / Thwaites, Ryan S / Reynaldi, Arnold / Sidhu, Jasmin K / McKendry, Richard / Ascough, Stephanie / Papargyris, Loukas / Collins, Ashley M / Xu, Jiayun / Lemm, Nana-Marie / Siggins, Matthew K / Chain, Benny M / Killingley, Ben / Kalinova, Mariya / Mann, Alex / Catchpole, Andrew / Davenport, Miles P / Openshaw, Peter J M / Chiu, Christopher

    Science immunology

    2024  Volume 9, Issue 92, Page(s) eadj9285

    Abstract: Human infection challenge permits in-depth, early, and pre-symptomatic characterization of the immune response, enabling the identification of factors that are important for viral clearance. Here, we performed intranasal inoculation of 34 young adult, ... ...

    Abstract Human infection challenge permits in-depth, early, and pre-symptomatic characterization of the immune response, enabling the identification of factors that are important for viral clearance. Here, we performed intranasal inoculation of 34 young adult, seronegative volunteers with a pre-Alpha severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strain. Of these participants, 18 (53%) became infected and showed an interferon-dominated mediator response with divergent kinetics between nasal and systemic sites. Peripheral CD4
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccination ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Nasal Mucosa
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2470-9468
    ISSN (online) 2470-9468
    DOI 10.1126/sciimmunol.adj9285
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Effects of quality grade and intramuscular location on beef semitendinosus muscle fiber characteristics, NADH content, and color stability.

    Van Bibber-Krueger, Cadra L / Collins, Ashley M / Phelps, Kelsey J / O'Quinn, Travis G / Houser, Terry A / Turner, Kari K / Gonzalez, John M

    Journal of animal science

    2020  Volume 98, Issue 4

    Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the impact of quality grade and steak location on color stability of semitendinosus (ST) steaks during a 9-d refrigerated study. Twenty-one ST muscles (12 Choice and 9 Select) were purchased from a commercial ... ...

    Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the impact of quality grade and steak location on color stability of semitendinosus (ST) steaks during a 9-d refrigerated study. Twenty-one ST muscles (12 Choice and 9 Select) were purchased from a commercial beef packing plant and fabricated into twelve 2.54-cm thick steaks per muscle. Steaks 1, 6, and 12 were designated for immunohistochemistry while remaining steak locations of proximal (steaks 2 to 4), middle (5 to 8), and distal (9 to 11) were randomly assigned to 0, 4, or 9 d of simulated retail display. Surface color attributes of day-9 steaks were recorded daily by a visual color panel and spectrophotometer. On days 0, 4, and 9 of display, steaks were analyzed for metmyoglobin reducing ability (MRA) and oxygen consumption (OC). Grade × day of display (DOD) interactions were detected for L*, a*, surface oxymyoglobin (OMb) and metmyoglobin (MMb) percentages, and visual panel surface redness and discoloration scores (P ≤ 0.02); however, no Grade × DOD interactions were observed for MRA or OC (P > 0.17). There were location main effect (LOC) × DOD interactions for L*, a*, surface MMb, visual panel surface redness and discoloration, and MRA (P ≤ 0.02). Distal steaks had lower L* values compared with the other locations (P < 0.01), which coincided with steaks being rated visually darker red (P < 0.01). Proximal steaks had greater a* values and had less surface discoloration than middle steaks (P < 0.05), which had an increased percentage of surface MMb (P ≤ 0.04). Distal and proximal steaks had increased MRA compared with middle steaks on days 0 and 4 (P < 0.05), and distal steaks had greater OC than the other locations throughout display (P < 0.01). There were fewer type I fibers at the proximal end with a greater percentage located at the middle and distal ends, and an increased percentage of type IIX fibers at the middle and proximal locations (P ≤ 0.01). Less type IIA fibers were detected at the middle LOC compared with the other two locations (P < 0.10). Larger type I, IIA, and IIX fibers were located at the proximal and middle locations compared with the distal LOC (P < 0.01). ST color and color-stability characteristics were influenced by DOD and LOC, which may partially be explained by differences in fiber types among locations.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle/metabolism ; Color ; Hamstring Muscles/metabolism ; Metmyoglobin/analysis ; Metmyoglobin/metabolism ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism ; Myoglobin/analysis ; Myoglobin/metabolism ; NAD/analysis ; NAD/metabolism ; Oxygen Consumption ; Random Allocation ; Red Meat/analysis ; Red Meat/standards
    Chemical Substances Myoglobin ; oxymyoglobin ; NAD (0U46U6E8UK) ; Metmyoglobin (12772-23-5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390959-1
    ISSN 1525-3163 ; 0021-8812
    ISSN (online) 1525-3163
    ISSN 0021-8812
    DOI 10.1093/jas/skaa078
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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