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  1. Article ; Online: Improvement of neutron sensitivity for lithium formate EPR dosemeters: a Monte Carlo analysis.

    D'Oca, Maria Cristina / Collura, Giorgio / Gagliardo, Cesare / Bartolotta, Antonio / Romeo, Mattia / d'Errico, Francesco / Marrale, Maurizio

    Radiation protection dosimetry

    2023  Volume 199, Issue 14, Page(s) 1591–1599

    Abstract: This work presents the computational analysis of the sensitivity improvements that could be achieved in lithium formate monohydrate (LFM) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) dosemeters exposed to neutron beams. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were ... ...

    Abstract This work presents the computational analysis of the sensitivity improvements that could be achieved in lithium formate monohydrate (LFM) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) dosemeters exposed to neutron beams. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were performed on LFM pellets exposed to neutron beams with different energy spectra at various depths inside a water phantom. Various computations were carried out by considering different enrichments of 6Li inside the LFM matrix as well as addition of different amounts of gadolinium oxide inside the pellet blend. The energy released per unit mass was calculated with the aim of predicting the increase in dose achievable by the addition of sensitizers inside the pellets. As expected, a larger amount of 6Li induces an increase of energy released because of the charged secondary particles (i.e. 3H ions and α-particles) produced after neutron capture. For small depths in water phantom and low-energy neutron spectra the dose increase due to 6Li enrichment is high (more than three orders of magnitude with respect to the case of with 7Li). In case of epithermal neutron beams the energy released in 6Li-enriched LFM compound is smaller but larger than in the case of fast neutron beams. On the other hand, the computational analysis evidenced that gadolinium is less effective than 6Li in improving neutron sensitivity of the LFM pellets. Discussion based on the features of MC transport code is provided. This result suggests that 6Li enrichment of LFM dosemeters would be more effective for neutron sensitivity improvement and these EPR dosemeters could be tested for dosimetric applications in Neutron Capture Therapy.
    MeSH term(s) Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy ; Neutrons ; Fast Neutrons ; Water
    Chemical Substances formic acid (0YIW783RG1) ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 225912-6
    ISSN 1742-3406 ; 0144-8420
    ISSN (online) 1742-3406
    ISSN 0144-8420
    DOI 10.1093/rpd/ncac268
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2009: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article: Are we overusing abdominal computed tomography scans in young patients referred in an emergency for acute abdominal pain?

    Salerno, Sergio / Terranova, Maria Chiara / Anzelmo, Maria Teresa / Vinci, Alessia / Vernuccio, Federica / Collura, Giorgio / Marrale, Maurizio / Re, Giuseppe Lo

    Polish journal of radiology

    2022  Volume 87, Page(s) e187–e193

    Abstract: Purpose: The primary objective was to assess the frequency of appropriateness of computed tomography (CT) for acute abdominal pain (AAP) in the emergency department; the secondary aim was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of ultra-sound (US) and CT in ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: The primary objective was to assess the frequency of appropriateness of computed tomography (CT) for acute abdominal pain (AAP) in the emergency department; the secondary aim was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of ultra-sound (US) and CT in the diagnosis of the aetiology of AAP for diseases that can be diagnosed by US; and the third objective was to assess extent to which inappropriate CT examinations for AAP result in ionizing radiation exposure.
    Material and methods: In this retrospective single-centre study, we included patients aged between 15 and 46 years referred to the emergency department for AAP in 2016 and submitted to abdominal CT scans, collecting a total of 586 patients. In 152 patients with the more frequent pathologies, we compared the referral reason and current guidelines of the European Society of Radiology (ESR) IGUIDE®. Then we measured and compared the sensitivity of US and CT for the identification of the aetiology of AAP for diseases whose diagnosis can be reached by US. We also recorded the mean computed tomography dose index (CTDI
    Results: According to IGUIDE and based on the clinical suspicion of CT requests, CT examination was considered crucial in 264 (45.05%) patients. 322 patients had a referral reason for CT scan that could be considered "possibly appropriate" according Iguide criteria (4, 5, 6 scoring). Of these, 135 had an inappropriate CT request according to image findings.
    Conclusions: A better clinical framing and a correct interpretation of the reference guidelines could reduce unjustified exposure to ionizing radiation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-25
    Publishing country Poland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2675143-4
    ISSN 1899-0967 ; 1733-134X
    ISSN (online) 1899-0967
    ISSN 1733-134X
    DOI 10.5114/pjr.2022.115126
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  3. Article ; Online: Modulation of Human Motor Cortical Excitability and Plasticity by Opuntia Ficus Indica Fruit Consumption: Evidence from a Preliminary Study through Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation.

    Gambino, Giuditta / Brighina, Filippo / Allegra, Mario / Marrale, Maurizio / Collura, Giorgio / Gagliardo, Cesare / Attanzio, Alessandro / Tesoriere, Luisa / Di Majo, Danila / Ferraro, Giuseppe / Sardo, Pierangelo / Giglia, Giuseppe

    Nutrients

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 22

    Abstract: Indicaxanthin (IX) from Opuntia Ficus Indica (OFI) has been shown to exert numerous biological effects both in vitro and in vivo, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuro-modulatory activity in rodent models. Our goal was to investigate the eventual ...

    Abstract Indicaxanthin (IX) from Opuntia Ficus Indica (OFI) has been shown to exert numerous biological effects both in vitro and in vivo, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuro-modulatory activity in rodent models. Our goal was to investigate the eventual neuro-active role of orally assumed fruits containing high levels of IX at nutritionally-relevant amounts in healthy subjects, exploring cortical excitability and plasticity in the human motor cortex (M1). To this purpose, we applied paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) in basal conditions and followed the consumption of yellow cactus pear fruits containing IX or white cactus pear fruits devoid of IX (placebo). Furthermore, resting state-functional MRI (rs-fMRI) preliminary acquisitions were performed before and after consumption of the same number of yellow fruits. Our data revealed that the consumption of IX-containing fruits could specifically activate intracortical excitatory circuits, differently from the placebo-controlled group. Furthermore, we found that following the ingestion of IX-containing fruits, elevated network activity of glutamatergic intracortical circuits can homeostatically be restored to baseline levels following a-tDCS stimulation. No significant differences were observed through rs-fMRI acquisitions. These outcomes suggest that IX from OFI increases intracortical excitability of M1 and leads to homeostatic cortical plasticity responses.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cortical Excitability ; Evoked Potentials, Motor/physiology ; Fruit ; Motor Cortex/physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology ; Opuntia ; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-20
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu14224915
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  4. Article ; Online: A hyaluronic acid/cyclodextrin based injectable hydrogel for local doxorubicin delivery to solid tumors.

    Fiorica, Calogero / Palumbo, Fabio Salvatore / Pitarresi, Giovanna / Puleio, Roberto / Condorelli, Lucia / Collura, Giorgio / Giammona, Gaetano

    International journal of pharmaceutics

    2020  Volume 589, Page(s) 119879

    Abstract: Localized delivery of anticancer drugs is often the most useful therapeutic approach for the treatment of solid tumors. The use of injectable polymeric systems that maximize drug concentration in the proximal area of the tumor represents an extremely ... ...

    Abstract Localized delivery of anticancer drugs is often the most useful therapeutic approach for the treatment of solid tumors. The use of injectable polymeric systems that maximize drug concentration in the proximal area of the tumor represents an extremely advantageous therapeutic strategy. Here, the development of an injectable in situ forming hydrogel was accomplished by exploiting the azo-type Michael reaction between an amine derivative of hyaluronic and vinylsulfone functionalized β-cyclodextrins complexing doxorubicin. This injectable system can be easily prepared and administered with timelines compatible with normal operating room procedures, as demonstrated by rheological tests. In vitro experiments revealed that the peculiar physicochemical properties of the hydrogel guarantee a sustained release of the anticancer drug that blocks the growth of colorectal carcinoma micromasses cultured in 3D conditions. In vivo studies have confirmed that the medicated hydrogel can drastically reduce the tumor mass in the animal model without causing cytotoxic side effects in other areas of the body such as the heart. Overall, the proposed system has shown promising characteristics that make it an interesting useful device for localized chemotherapy of solid tumors.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cyclodextrins ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Hydrogels ; Neoplasms/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Cyclodextrins ; Hydrogels ; Doxorubicin (80168379AG) ; Hyaluronic Acid (9004-61-9)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-12
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 428962-6
    ISSN 1873-3476 ; 0378-5173
    ISSN (online) 1873-3476
    ISSN 0378-5173
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119879
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1409: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  5. Article ; Online: Preoperative imaging findings in patients undergoing transcranial magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy.

    Gagliardo, Cesare / Cannella, Roberto / Filorizzo, Giuseppe / Toia, Patrizia / Salvaggio, Giuseppe / Collura, Giorgio / Pignolo, Antonia / Maugeri, Rosario / Napoli, Alessandro / D'amelio, Marco / Bartolotta, Tommaso Vincenzo / Marrale, Maurizio / Iacopino, Gerardo Domenico / Catalano, Carlo / Midiri, Massimo

    Scientific reports

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 2524

    Abstract: The prevalence and impact of imaging findings detected during screening procedures in patients undergoing transcranial MR-guided Focused Ultrasound (tcMRgFUS) thalamotomy for functional neurological disorders has not been assessed yet. This study ... ...

    Abstract The prevalence and impact of imaging findings detected during screening procedures in patients undergoing transcranial MR-guided Focused Ultrasound (tcMRgFUS) thalamotomy for functional neurological disorders has not been assessed yet. This study included 90 patients who fully completed clinical and neuroradiological screenings for tcMRgFUS in a single-center. The presence and location of preoperative imaging findings that could impact the treatment were recorded and classified in three different groups according to their relevance for the eligibility and treatment planning. Furthermore, tcMRgFUS treatments were reviewed to evaluate the number of transducer elements turned off after marking as no pass regions the depicted imaging finding. A total of 146 preoperative imaging findings in 79 (87.8%) patients were detected in the screening population, with a significant correlation with patients' age (rho = 483, p < 0.001). With regard of the group classification, 119 (81.5%), 26 (17.8%) were classified as group 1 or 2, respectively. One patient had group 3 finding and was considered ineligible. No complications related to the preoperative imaging findings occurred in treated patients. Preoperative neuroradiological findings are frequent in candidates to tcMRgFUS and their identification may require the placement of additional no-pass regions to prevent harmful non-targeted heating.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Clinical Decision-Making ; Disease Management ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Mass Screening/methods ; Middle Aged ; Neuroimaging/methods ; Preoperative Care/methods ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Thalamus/diagnostic imaging ; Thalamus/pathology ; Thalamus/surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography, Interventional ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-82271-8
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  6. Article ; Online: Increased functional connectivity in gambling disorder correlates with behavioural and emotional dysregulation: Evidence of a role for the cerebellum.

    Piccoli, Tommaso / Maniaci, Giuseppe / Collura, Giorgio / Gagliardo, Cesare / Brancato, Anna / La Tona, Giuseppe / Gangitano, Massimo / La Cascia, Caterina / Picone, Francesca / Marrale, Maurizio / Cannizzaro, Carla

    Behavioural brain research

    2020  Volume 390, Page(s) 112668

    Abstract: Gambling disorder (GD) is a psychiatric disease that has been recently classified as a behavioural addiction. So far, a very few studies have investigated the alteration of functional connectivity in GD patients, thus the concrete interplay between ... ...

    Abstract Gambling disorder (GD) is a psychiatric disease that has been recently classified as a behavioural addiction. So far, a very few studies have investigated the alteration of functional connectivity in GD patients, thus the concrete interplay between relevant function-dependent circuitries in such disease has not been comprehensively assessed. The aim of this research was to investigate resting-state functional connectivity in GD patients, searching for a correlation with GD symptoms severity. GD patients were assessed for gambling behaviour, impulsivity, cognitive distortions, anxiety and depression, in comparison with healthy controls (HC). Afterwards, they were assessed for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging; functional connectivity was assessed through a data-driven approach, by using independent component analysis. The correlation between gambling severity and the strength of specific resting-state networks was also investigated. Our results show that GD patients displayed higher emotional and behavioural impairment than HC, together with an increased resting state functional connectivity in the network including anterior cingulate cortex, the caudate nucleus and nucleus accumbens, and within the cerebellum, in comparison with the control group. Moreover, a significant correlation between behavioural parameters and the strength of the resting-state cerebellar network was found. Overall, the functional alterations in brain connectivity involving the cerebellum observed in this study underpin the emotional and behavioural impairment recorded in GD patients. This evidence suggests the employment of novel neuromodulatory therapeutic approaches involving specific and salient targets such as the cerebellum in addictive disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anxiety/diagnostic imaging ; Anxiety/etiology ; Anxiety/physiopathology ; Cerebellum/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebellum/physiopathology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnostic imaging ; Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/physiopathology ; Connectome ; Depression/diagnostic imaging ; Depression/etiology ; Depression/physiopathology ; Emotional Regulation/physiology ; Gambling/complications ; Gambling/diagnostic imaging ; Gambling/physiopathology ; Humans ; Impulsive Behavior/physiology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Net/diagnostic imaging ; Nerve Net/physiopathology ; Reward ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-11
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 449927-x
    ISSN 1872-7549 ; 0166-4328
    ISSN (online) 1872-7549
    ISSN 0166-4328
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112668
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1599: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Transcranial magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery at 1.5T: a technical note.

    Gagliardo, Cesare / Midiri, Massimo / Cannella, Roberto / Napoli, Alessandro / Wragg, Paul / Collura, Giorgio / Marrale, Maurizio / Bartolotta, Tommaso Vincenzo / Catalano, Carlo / Lagalla, Roberto

    The neuroradiology journal

    2018  Volume 32, Issue 2, Page(s) 132–138

    Abstract: Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound is one of the emerging non-invasive technologies offering both image guidance and thermal monitoring. In recent years transcranial application of this technology is starting to impact heavily the neuroscience ... ...

    Abstract Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound is one of the emerging non-invasive technologies offering both image guidance and thermal monitoring. In recent years transcranial application of this technology is starting to impact heavily the neuroscience field. We present here the imaging protocol and the technological methods successfully used with a transcranial magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound system certified for clinical treatments of functional neurological disorders, integrated for the first time with a 1.5T magnetic resonance scanner. Compared to the body radiofrequency coil (the one commonly used with transcranial magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound system integrated with 3T magnetic resonance scanners), the use of a dedicated two channel coil enabled a signal-to-noise ratio gain up to five times higher.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Female ; High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation/instrumentation ; High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation/methods ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional/instrumentation ; Male ; Neurosurgical Procedures/instrumentation ; Neurosurgical Procedures/methods ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2257770-1
    ISSN 2385-1996 ; 1971-4009 ; 1120-9976
    ISSN (online) 2385-1996
    ISSN 1971-4009 ; 1120-9976
    DOI 10.1177/1971400918818743
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    Zs.A 2823: Show issues Location:
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