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  1. Article ; Online: DNA Methylation of Candidate Genes (ACE II, IFN-γ, AGTR 1, CKG, ADD1, SCNN1B and TLR2) in Essential Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Quantitative Evidence Synthesis.

    Holmes, Laurens / Lim, Andrew / Comeaux, Camillia R / Dabney, Kirk W / Okundaye, Osatohamwen

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2019  Volume 16, Issue 23

    Abstract: Physical, chemical, and social environments adversely affect the molecular process and results in cell signal transduction and the subsequent transcription factor dysregulation, leading to impaired gene expression and abnormal protein synthesis. ... ...

    Abstract Physical, chemical, and social environments adversely affect the molecular process and results in cell signal transduction and the subsequent transcription factor dysregulation, leading to impaired gene expression and abnormal protein synthesis. Stressful environments such as social adversity, isolation, sustained social threats, physical inactivity, and highly methylated diets predispose individuals to molecular level alterations such as aberrant epigenomic modulations that affect homeostasis and hemodynamics. With cardiovascular disease as the leading cause of mortality in the US and blacks/African Americans being disproportionately affected by hypertension (HTN) which contributes substantially to these deaths, reflecting the excess mortality and survival disadvantage of this sub-population relative to whites, understanding the molecular events, including epigenomic and socio-epigenomic modulations, is relevant to narrowing the black-white mortality risk differences. We aimed to synthesize epigenomic findings in HTN namely (a) angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE II) gene, (b) Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) gene, (c) interferon γ (IFN-γ) gene, and (d) Capping Actin Protein, Gelosin-Like (
    MeSH term(s) DNA Methylation ; Essential Hypertension/genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Systematic Review
    ISSN 1660-4601
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph16234829
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Sexually transmitted infections and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

    DePaoli Taylor, Brandie / Hill, Ashley V / Perez-Patron, Maria J / Haggerty, Catherine L / Schisterman, Enrique F / Naimi, Ashley I / Noah, Akaninyene / Comeaux, Camillia R

    Scientific reports

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 13904

    Abstract: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) result in maternal morbidity and mortality but are rarely examined in perinatal studies of sexually transmitted infections. We examined associations between common sexually transmitted infections and HDP among 38, ...

    Abstract Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) result in maternal morbidity and mortality but are rarely examined in perinatal studies of sexually transmitted infections. We examined associations between common sexually transmitted infections and HDP among 38,026 singleton pregnancies. Log-binomial regression calculated relative risk (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations with gestational hypertension, preeclampsia with severe features, mild preeclampsia, and superimposed preeclampsia. All models were adjusted for insurance type, maternal age, race/ethnicity, and education. Additional adjustments resulted in similar effect estimates. Chlamydia was associated with preeclampsia with severe features (RR
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Gonorrhea ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; Pre-Eclampsia/epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Care ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/complications ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-17989-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Implication of Vaginal and Cesarean Section Delivery Method in Black-White Differentials in Infant Mortality in the United States: Linked Birth/Infant Death Records, 2007-2016.

    Holmes, Laurens / O'Neill, Leah / Elmi, Hikma / Chinacherem, Chinaka / Comeaux, Camillia / Pelaez, Lavisha / Dabney, Kirk W / Akinola, Olumuyiwa / Enwere, Michael

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2020  Volume 17, Issue 9

    Abstract: Racial/ethnic disparities in infant mortality (IM) continue to persist in the United States, with Black/African Americans (AA) being disproportionally affected with a three-fold increase in mortality compared to Whites. Epidemiological data have ... ...

    Abstract Racial/ethnic disparities in infant mortality (IM) continue to persist in the United States, with Black/African Americans (AA) being disproportionally affected with a three-fold increase in mortality compared to Whites. Epidemiological data have identified maternal characteristics in IM risk such as preeclampsia, eclampsia, maternal education, smoking, maternal weight, maternal socioeconomic status (SES), and family structure. Understanding the social gradient in health including implicit bias, as inherent in the method of labor and delivery and the racial heterogeneity, may facilitate intervention mapping in narrowing the Black-White IM risk differences. We aimed to assess the temporal/racial trends and the methods of delivery, mainly vaginal vs. cesarean section (C-section) as an exposure function of IM. The United States linked birth/infant death records (2007-2016) were used with a cross-sectional ecological design. The analysis involved chi squared statistic, incidence rate estimation by binomial regression model, and period percent change. Of the 40,445,070 births between 2007 and 2016, cumulative mortality incidence was 249,135 (1.16 per 1000). The IM rate was highest among Black/AA (11.41 per 1000), intermediate among Whites (5.19 per 1000), and lowest among Asian /Pacific Islanders (4.24 per 1000). The cumulative incidence rate difference, comparing vaginal to cesarean procedure was 1.73 per 1000 infants, implying excess IM with C-section. Compared to C-section, there was a 31% decreased risk of IM among mothers with vaginal delivery, rate ratio (RR) = 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.64-0.74. Racial disparities were observed in the method of delivery associated with IM. Black/AA mothers with vaginal delivery had a 6% decreased risk of IM compared to C-section, RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92-0.95, while Whites with vaginal delivery had a 38% decrease risk of IM relative to C-section, RR= 0.68, 95% CI: 0.67-0.69,
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; African Americans/statistics & numerical data ; Cesarean Section/statistics & numerical data ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Death Certificates ; European Continental Ancestry Group/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Mortality ; Infant, Newborn ; Labor, Obstetric ; Maternal Health Services ; Pregnancy ; United States/epidemiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1660-4601
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph17093146
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Black-White Risk Differentials in COVID-19 (SARS-COV2) Transmission, Mortality and Case Fatality in the United States: Translational Epidemiologic Perspective and Challenges.

    Holmes, Laurens / Enwere, Michael / Williams, Janille / Ogundele, Benjamin / Chavan, Prachi / Piccoli, Tatiana / Chinacherem, Chinaka / Comeaux, Camillia / Pelaez, Lavisha / Okundaye, Osatohamwen / Stalnaker, Leslie / Kalle, Fanta / Deepika, Keeti / Philipcien, Glen / Poleon, Maura / Ogungbade, Gbadebo / Elmi, Hikma / John, Valescia / Dabney, Kirk W

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2020  Volume 17, Issue 12

    Abstract: Background: Social and health inequities predispose vulnerable populations to adverse morbidity and mortality outcomes of epidemics and pandemics. While racial disparities in cumulative incidence (CmI) and mortality from the influenza pandemics of 1918 ... ...

    Abstract Background: Social and health inequities predispose vulnerable populations to adverse morbidity and mortality outcomes of epidemics and pandemics. While racial disparities in cumulative incidence (CmI) and mortality from the influenza pandemics of 1918 and 2009 implicated Blacks with survival disadvantage relative to Whites in the United States, COVID-19 currently indicates comparable disparities. We aimed to: (a) assess COVID-19 CmI by race, (b) determine the Black-White case fatality (CF) and risk differentials, and (c) apply explanatory model for mortality risk differentials.
    Methods: COVID-19 data on confirmed cases and deaths by selective states health departments were assessed using a cross-sectional ecologic design. Chi-square was used for CF independence, while binomial regression model for the Black-White risk differentials.
    Results: The COVID-19 mortality CmI indicated Blacks/AA with 34% of the total mortality in the United States, albeit their 13% population size. The COVID-19 CF was higher among Blacks/AA relative to Whites; Maryland, (2.7% vs. 2.5%), Wisconsin (7.4% vs. 4.8%), Illinois (4.8% vs. 4.2%), Chicago (5.9% vs. 3.2%), Detroit (Michigan), 7.2% and St. John the Baptist Parish (Louisiana), 7.9%. Blacks/AA compared to Whites in Michigan were 15% more likely to die, CmI risk ratio (CmIRR) = 1.15, 95% CI, 1.01-1.32. Blacks/AA relative to Whites in Illinois were 13% more likely to die, CmIRR = 1.13, 95% CI, 0.93-1.39, while Blacks/AA compared to Whites in Wisconsin were 51% more likely to die, CmIRR = 1.51, 95% CI, 1.10-2.10. In Chicago, Blacks/AA were more than twice as likely to die, CmIRR = 2.24, 95% CI, 1.36-3.88.
    Conclusion: Substantial racial/ethnic disparities are observed in COVID-19 CF and mortality with Blacks/AA disproportionately affected across the United States.
    MeSH term(s) African Americans/statistics & numerical data ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/mortality ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; European Continental Ancestry Group/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Odds Ratio ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/mortality ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; Regression Analysis ; SARS-CoV-2 ; United States/epidemiology
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1660-4601
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph17124322
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Black-White Risk Differentials in COVID-19 (SARS-COV2) Transmission, Mortality and Case Fatality in the United States: Translational Epidemiologic Perspective and Challenges

    Holmes, Laurens / Enwere, Michael / Williams, Janille / Ogundele, Benjamin / Chavan, Prachi / Piccoli, Tatiana / Chinacherem, Chinaka / Comeaux, Camillia / Pelaez, Lavisha / Okundaye, Osatohamwen / Stalnaker, Leslie / Kalle, Fanta / Deepika, Keeti / Philipcien, Glen / Poleon, Maura / Ogungbade, Gbadebo / Elmi, Hikma / John, Valescia / Dabney, Kirk W

    Int. j. environ. res. public health (Online)

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Social and health inequities predispose vulnerable populations to adverse morbidity and mortality outcomes of epidemics and pandemics. While racial disparities in cumulative incidence (CmI) and mortality from the influenza pandemics of 1918 ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Social and health inequities predispose vulnerable populations to adverse morbidity and mortality outcomes of epidemics and pandemics. While racial disparities in cumulative incidence (CmI) and mortality from the influenza pandemics of 1918 and 2009 implicated Blacks with survival disadvantage relative to Whites in the United States, COVID-19 currently indicates comparable disparities. We aimed to: (a) assess COVID-19 CmI by race, (b) determine the Black-White case fatality (CF) and risk differentials, and (c) apply explanatory model for mortality risk differentials. METHODS: COVID-19 data on confirmed cases and deaths by selective states health departments were assessed using a cross-sectional ecologic design. Chi-square was used for CF independence, while binomial regression model for the Black-White risk differentials. RESULTS: The COVID-19 mortality CmI indicated Blacks/AA with 34% of the total mortality in the United States, albeit their 13% population size. The COVID-19 CF was higher among Blacks/AA relative to Whites; Maryland, (2.7% vs. 2.5%), Wisconsin (7.4% vs. 4.8%), Illinois (4.8% vs. 4.2%), Chicago (5.9% vs. 3.2%), Detroit (Michigan), 7.2% and St. John the Baptist Parish (Louisiana), 7.9%. Blacks/AA compared to Whites in Michigan were 15% more likely to die, CmI risk ratio (CmIRR) = 1.15, 95% CI, 1.01-1.32. Blacks/AA relative to Whites in Illinois were 13% more likely to die, CmIRR = 1.13, 95% CI, 0.93-1.39, while Blacks/AA compared to Whites in Wisconsin were 51% more likely to die, CmIRR = 1.51, 95% CI, 1.10-2.10. In Chicago, Blacks/AA were more than twice as likely to die, CmIRR = 2.24, 95% CI, 1.36-3.88. CONCLUSION: Substantial racial/ethnic disparities are observed in COVID-19 CF and mortality with Blacks/AA disproportionately affected across the United States.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #602039
    Database COVID19

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  6. Book ; Online: Black-White Risk Differentials in COVID-19 (SARS-COV2) Transmission, Mortality and Case Fatality in the United States

    Holmes, Laurens, Jr. / Enwere, Michael / Williams, Janille / Ogundele, Benjamin / Chavan, Prachi / Piccoli, Tatiana / Chinka, Chinacherem / Comeaux, Camillia / Palaez, Lavisha / Okundaye, Osatohamwen / Stalnaker, Leslie / Kalle, Fanta / Deepika, Keeti / Philipcien, Glen / Poleon, Maura / Ogungbade, Gbadebo / Elmi, Hkima / John, Valescia / Dabney, Kirk W.

    Coronavirus Research at FIU

    Translational Epidemiologic Perspective and Challenges

    2020  

    Abstract: Background: Social and health inequities predispose vulnerable populations to adverse morbidity and mortality outcomes of epidemics and pandemics. While racial disparities in cumulative incidence (CmI) and mortality from the influenza pandemics of 1918 ... ...

    Abstract Background: Social and health inequities predispose vulnerable populations to adverse morbidity and mortality outcomes of epidemics and pandemics. While racial disparities in cumulative incidence (CmI) and mortality from the influenza pandemics of 1918 and 2009 implicated Blacks with survival disadvantage relative to Whites in the United States, COVID-19 currently indicates comparable disparities. We aimed to: (a) assess COVID-19 CmI by race, (b) determine the Black-White case fatality (CF) and risk differentials, and (c) apply explanatory model for mortality risk differentials. Methods: COVID-19 data on confirmed cases and deaths by selective states health departments were assessed using a cross-sectional ecologic design. Chi-square was used for CF independence, while binomial regression model for the Black-White risk differentials. Results: The COVID-19 mortality CmI indicated Blacks/AA with 34% of the total mortality in the United States, albeit their 13% population size. The COVID-19 CF was higher among Blacks/AA relative to Whites; Maryland, (2.7% vs. 2.5%), Wisconsin (7.4% vs. 4.8%), Illinois (4.8% vs. 4.2%), Chicago (5.9% vs. 3.2%), Detroit (Michigan), 7.2% and St. John the Baptist Parish (Louisiana), 7.9%. Blacks/AA compared to Whites in Michigan were 15% more likely to die, CmI risk ratio (CmIRR) = 1.15, 95% CI, 1.01-1.32. Blacks/AA relative to Whites in Illinois were 13% more likely to die, CmIRR = 1.13, 95% CI, 0.93-1.39, while Blacks/AA compared to Whites in Wisconsin were 51% more likely to die, CmIRR = 1.51, 95% CI, 1.10-2.10. In Chicago, Blacks/AA were more than twice as likely to die, CmIRR = 2.24, 95% CI, 1.36-3.88. Conclusion: Substantial racial/ethnic disparities are observed in COVID-19 CF and mortality with Blacks/AA disproportionately affected across the United States.
    Keywords Medicine and Health Sciences ; covid19
    Subject code 310
    Publishing date 2020-06-17T07:00:00Z
    Publisher FIU Digital Commons
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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