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  1. Article ; Online: Time-Dependent Long-Term Effect of Memantine following Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

    Boucher, Masen L / Conley, Grace / Morriss, Nicholas J / Ospina-Mora, Sara / Qiu, Jianhua / Mannix, Rebekah / Meehan, William P

    Journal of neurotrauma

    2024  

    Abstract: Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI, e.g., sports concussions) may be associated with both acute and chronic symptoms and neurological changes. Despite the common occurrence of these injuries, therapeutic strategies are limited. One potentially ...

    Abstract Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI, e.g., sports concussions) may be associated with both acute and chronic symptoms and neurological changes. Despite the common occurrence of these injuries, therapeutic strategies are limited. One potentially promising approach is N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) blockade to alleviate the effects of post-injury glutamatergic excitotoxicity. Initial pre-clinical work using the NMDAR antagonist, memantine, suggests that immediate treatment following rmTBI improves a variety of acute outcomes. It remains unclear (1) whether acute memantine treatment has long-term benefits and (2) whether delayed treatment following rmTBI is beneficial, which are both clinically relevant concerns. To test this, animals were subjected to rmTBI via a weight drop model with rotational acceleration (five hits in 5 days) and randomized to memantine treatment immediately, 3 months, or 6 months post-injury, with a treatment duration of one month. Behavioral outcomes were assessed at 1, 4, and 7 months post-injury. Neuropathological outcomes were characterized at 7 months post-injury. We observed chronic changes in behavior (anxiety-like behavior, motor coordination, spatial learning, and memory), as well as neuroinflammation (microglia, astrocytes) and tau phosphorylation (T231). Memantine treatment, either immediately or 6 months post-injury, appears to confer greater rescue of neuroinflammatory changes (microglia) than vehicle or treatment at the 3-month time point. Although memantine is already being prescribed chronically to address persistent symptoms associated with rmTBI, this study represents the first evidence of which we are aware to suggest a small but durable effect of memantine treatment in mild, concussive injuries. This effect suggests that memantine, although potentially beneficial, is insufficient to treat all aspects of rmTBI alone and should be combined with other therapeutic agents in a multi-therapy approach, with attention given to the timing of treatment.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645092-1
    ISSN 1557-9042 ; 0897-7151
    ISSN (online) 1557-9042
    ISSN 0897-7151
    DOI 10.1089/neu.2023.0423
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Optimizing Choice and Timing of Behavioral Outcome Tests After Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Machine Learning-Based Approach on Multiple Pre-Clinical Experiments.

    Lassarén, Philipp / Conley, Grace / Boucher, Masen L / Conley, Ashley N / Morriss, Nicholas J / Qiu, Jianhua / Mannix, Rebekah C / Thelin, Eric Peter

    Journal of neurotrauma

    2023  Volume 40, Issue 15-16, Page(s) 1762–1778

    Abstract: Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) is a potentially debilitating condition with long-term sequelae. Animal models are used to study rmTBI in a controlled environment, but there is currently no established standard battery of behavioral tests ... ...

    Abstract Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) is a potentially debilitating condition with long-term sequelae. Animal models are used to study rmTBI in a controlled environment, but there is currently no established standard battery of behavioral tests used. Primarily, we aimed to identify the best combination and timing of behavioral tests to distinguish injured from uninjured animals in rmTBI studies, and secondarily, to determine whether combinations of independent experiments have better behavioral outcome prediction accuracy than individual experiments. Data from 1203 mice from 58 rmTBI experiments, some of which have already been published, were used. In total, 11 types of behavioral tests were measured by 37 parameters at 13 time points during the first 6 months after injury. Univariate regression analyses were used to identify optimal combinations of behavioral tests and whether the inclusion of multiple heterogenous experiments improved accuracy.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Brain Concussion/diagnosis ; Brain Concussion/complications ; Maze Learning ; Models, Animal ; Behavior, Animal ; Disease Models, Animal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 645092-1
    ISSN 1557-9042 ; 0897-7151
    ISSN (online) 1557-9042
    ISSN 0897-7151
    DOI 10.1089/neu.2022.0486
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Titrating the Translational Relevance of a Low-Level Repetitive Head Impact Model.

    Boucher, Masen L / Conley, Grace / Nowlin, Jordan / Qiu, Jianhua / Kawata, Keisuke / Bazarian, Jeffrey J / Meehan, William P / Mannix, Rebekah

    Frontiers in neurology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 857654

    Abstract: Recently, there has been increased attention in the scientific community to the phenomenon of sub-concussive impacts, those hits to the head that do not cause the signs and symptoms of a concussion. Some authors suggest that sub-concussive impacts may ... ...

    Abstract Recently, there has been increased attention in the scientific community to the phenomenon of sub-concussive impacts, those hits to the head that do not cause the signs and symptoms of a concussion. Some authors suggest that sub-concussive impacts may alter behavior and cognition, if sustained repetitively, but the mechanisms underlying these changes are not well-defined. Here, we adapt our well-established weight drop model of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) to attempt to produce a model of low-level repetitive head impacts (RHI). The model was modified to eliminate differences in latency to right following impact and gross behavioral changes after a single cluster of hits. Further, we varied our model in terms of repetition of impact over a 4-h span to mimic the repeated sub-concussive impacts that may be experienced by an athlete within a single day of play. To understand the effects of a single cluster of RHIs, as well as the effect of an increased impact frequency within the cluster, we evaluated classical behavioral measures, serum biomarkers, cortical protein quantification, and immunohistochemistry both acutely and sub-acutely following the impacts. In the absence of gross behavioral changes, the impact protocol did generate pathology, in a dose-dependent fashion, in the brain. Evaluation of serum biomarkers revealed limited changes in GFAP and NF-L, which suggests that their diagnostic utility may not emerge until the exposure to low-level head impacts reaches a certain threshold. Robust decreases in both IL-1β and IL-6 were observed in the serum and the cortex, indicating downregulation of inflammatory pathways. These experiments yield initial data on pathology and biomarkers in a mouse model of low-level RHIs, with relevance to sports settings, providing a starting point for further exploration of the potential role of anti-inflammatory processes in low-level RHI outcomes, and how these markers may evolve with repeated exposure.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564214-5
    ISSN 1664-2295
    ISSN 1664-2295
    DOI 10.3389/fneur.2022.857654
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Optic Nerve Damage.

    Qiu, Jianhua / Boucher, Masen / Conley, Grace / Li, Yue / Zhang, Jingdong / Morriss, Nicholas / Meehan Iii, William P / Mannix, Rebekah

    Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

    2022  Volume 81, Issue 5, Page(s) 344–355

    Abstract: Vision disorders are associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in 20%-40% of clinical cases and involve a diverse set of potential symptoms that can present acutely or chronically. Due to its structure and position, the optic nerve is vulnerable to ... ...

    Abstract Vision disorders are associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in 20%-40% of clinical cases and involve a diverse set of potential symptoms that can present acutely or chronically. Due to its structure and position, the optic nerve is vulnerable to multiple forms of primary injury, which can result in traumatic optic neuropathy (TON). Multiple studies have shown that the optic tract may also be injured during TBI, though data regarding the temporospatial resolution of injury to the optic nerve are sparse. We evaluated the time course of optic nerve injury and visual impairments in our closed head impact acceleration mouse model of mild TBI (mTBI) designed to mimic repetitive injuries experienced in the context of sport. Our results show that inflammation and gliosis occur acutely in response to injury. Additionally, indications of optic nerve degeneration and functional loss of vision beginning at 1-month postinjury, and retinal ganglion cell loss at 7 months, revealed that the degeneration is continuous and permanent. Together, this study demonstrated that the optic nerve is vulnerable to damage during mTBI, which can cause TON and vision loss. These findings will be important for clinicians to consider to determine whether optic nerve is injured in the TBI patients with vision problems.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Brain Injuries ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Optic Nerve ; Optic Nerve Injuries/complications
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3088-0
    ISSN 1554-6578 ; 0022-3069
    ISSN (online) 1554-6578
    ISSN 0022-3069
    DOI 10.1093/jnen/nlac018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Evaluation of a rapid and automated heparin-induced thrombocytopenia immunoassay.

    Refaai, Majed A / Conley, Grace / Ortel, Thomas L / Francis, John L

    International journal of laboratory hematology

    2019  Volume 41, Issue 4, Page(s) 478–484

    Abstract: Introduction: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a potentially life-threatening adverse reaction of heparin. Laboratory evaluation of HIT is often not available within a reasonable time. We evaluated the HemosIL: Materials and methods: ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a potentially life-threatening adverse reaction of heparin. Laboratory evaluation of HIT is often not available within a reasonable time. We evaluated the HemosIL
    Materials and methods: Following determination of the LIA's reference interval and cutoff values, a multicenter study was conducted between March 2013 and June 2015. Plasma samples of HIT-suspected patients (n = 632) were collected and evaluated by LIA on the ACL TOP
    Results: Based on the 95% reference interval for healthy donors and HIT-negative patients, a LIA value ≥1.0 U/mL was interpreted positive. The overall agreement of LIA versus EIA and SRA results were 90% (95% CI 88%-92%) and 79% (95% CI 75%-82%), respectively. The negative predictive value for LIA and EIA was comparable (87%) with SRA. The positive and negative percent agreements with the clinical probability were 89% (95% CI 69%-97%) and 86% (95% CI 83%-89%), respectively, with a negative predictive value of 99.6% (95% CI 98%-100%).
    Discussion: Overall, the LIA results were comparable to those of EIA and SRA. This fully automated assay with a remarkable short analytical turnaround time of <20 minutes can be performed on-demand, which would greatly facilitate more prompt management of HIT.
    MeSH term(s) Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Heparin/administration & dosage ; Heparin/adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Serotonin/blood ; Thrombocytopenia/blood ; Thrombocytopenia/chemically induced ; Thrombocytopenia/diagnosis
    Chemical Substances Serotonin (333DO1RDJY) ; Heparin (9005-49-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Evaluation Study ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
    ZDB-ID 2268590-X
    ISSN 1751-553X ; 1751-5521 ; 0141-9854
    ISSN (online) 1751-553X
    ISSN 1751-5521 ; 0141-9854
    DOI 10.1111/ijlh.13029
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Mutation in the Bone Morphogenetic Protein signaling pathway sensitize zebrafish and humans to ethanol-induced jaw malformations.

    Klem, John R / Schwantes-An, Tae-Hwi / Abreu, Marco / Suttie, Michael / Gray, Raeden / Vo, Hieu / Conley, Grace / Foroud, Tatiana M / Wetherill, Leah / Lovely, C Ben

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) describe ethanol-induced developmental defects including craniofacial malformations. While ethanol-sensitive genetic mutations contribute to facial malformations, the impacted cellular mechanisms remain unknown. ... ...

    Abstract Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) describe ethanol-induced developmental defects including craniofacial malformations. While ethanol-sensitive genetic mutations contribute to facial malformations, the impacted cellular mechanisms remain unknown. Bmp signaling is a key regulator of epithelial morphogenesis driving facial development, providing a possible ethanol-sensitive mechanism. We found that zebrafish mutants for Bmp signaling components are ethanol-sensitive and affect anterior pharyngeal endoderm shape and gene expression, indicating ethanol-induced malformations of the anterior pharyngeal endoderm cause facial malformations. Integrating FASD patient data, we provide the first evidence that variants in the human Bmp receptor gene BMPR1B associate with ethanol-related differences in jaw volume. Our results show that ethanol exposure disrupts proper morphogenesis of, and tissue interactions between, facial epithelia that mirror overall viscerocranial shape changes and are predictive for Bmp-ethanol associations in human jaw development. Our data provide a mechanistic paradigm linking ethanol to disrupted epithelial cell behaviors that underlie facial defects in FASD.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.06.28.546932
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Automated Quantification of Immunohistochemical Staining of Large Animal Brain Tissue Using QuPath Software.

    Morriss, Nicholas J / Conley, Grace M / Ospina, Sara M / Meehan Iii, William P / Qiu, Jianhua / Mannix, Rebekah

    Neuroscience

    2020  Volume 429, Page(s) 235–244

    Abstract: Large scale unbiased quantification of immunohistochemistry (IHC) is time consuming, expensive, and/or limited in scope. Heterogeneous tissue types such as brain tissue have presented a further challenge to the development of automated analysis, as ... ...

    Abstract Large scale unbiased quantification of immunohistochemistry (IHC) is time consuming, expensive, and/or limited in scope. Heterogeneous tissue types such as brain tissue have presented a further challenge to the development of automated analysis, as differing cellular morphologies result in either limited applicability or require large amounts of training tissue for machine-learning methods. Here we present the use of QuPath, a free and open source software, to quantify whole-brain sections stained with the immunohistochemical markers IBA1 and AT8, for microglia and phosphorylated tau respectively. The pixel-based method of analysis herein allows for statistical comparison of global protein expression between brains and generates heat-maps of stain intensity, visualizing stain signal across whole sections and permitting more specific investigation of regions of interest. This method is fast, automated, unbiased, and easily replicable. We compared swine brains that had undergone a closed head traumatic brain injury with brains of sham animals, and found a global increase in both microglial signal expression and phosphorylated tau. We discuss the IHC methods necessary to utilize this analysis and provide detailed instruction on the use of QuPath in the pixel-based analysis of whole-slide images.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Brain ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Immunohistochemistry ; Software ; Staining and Labeling ; Swine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 196739-3
    ISSN 1873-7544 ; 0306-4522
    ISSN (online) 1873-7544
    ISSN 0306-4522
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.01.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Clinical Nurses' Perceptions of a Senior Capstone Dedicated Educational Unit.

    Glynn, Donna M / Wendt, Judith / Russell, Bonnie / Conley, Grace / Hill, Patrick

    Nursing education perspectives

    2018  Volume 40, Issue 2, Page(s) 107–109

    Abstract: Clinical nurses' perceptions of a senior capstone dedicated educational unit (DEU) model to transition to practice was evaluated in a pilot study. Nursing students were placed in the traditional capstone and the DEU senior capstone unit with clinical ... ...

    Abstract Clinical nurses' perceptions of a senior capstone dedicated educational unit (DEU) model to transition to practice was evaluated in a pilot study. Nursing students were placed in the traditional capstone and the DEU senior capstone unit with clinical nurses. Staff nurses completed an online survey to compare and contrast satisfaction and effectiveness of the models. The results of the study revealed no perceived differences in the outcomes of a DEU experience as compared to the traditional preceptor model. However, nursing management reported an improved sense of leadership and teamwork on the unit with the DEU model.
    MeSH term(s) Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate ; Humans ; Models, Educational ; Pilot Projects ; Students, Nursing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2075410-3
    ISSN 1943-4685 ; 1536-5026
    ISSN (online) 1943-4685
    ISSN 1536-5026
    DOI 10.1097/01.NEP.0000000000000367
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Memantine Mitigates Oligodendrocyte Damage after Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

    Ma, Guixian / Liu, Changyun / Hashim, Jumana / Conley, Grace / Morriss, Nicholas / Meehan, William P / Qiu, Jianhua / Mannix, Rebekah

    Neuroscience

    2019  Volume 421, Page(s) 152–161

    Abstract: Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI; e.g., sports concussions) is common and results in significant cognitive impairment, white matter injury and increased risk of neurodegeneration. Targeted therapies for rmTBI are lacking, though evidence ... ...

    Abstract Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI; e.g., sports concussions) is common and results in significant cognitive impairment, white matter injury and increased risk of neurodegeneration. Targeted therapies for rmTBI are lacking, though evidence from other injury models indicates that targeting N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR)-mediated glutamatergic toxicity might mitigate rmTBI-induced injury. We have previously shown that the NMDAR antagonist memantine lessens axonal injury and restores long term potentiation after rmTBI. Here, we evaluated whether the protective effects of memantine include oligodendrocyte specific mechanisms, as prior studies suggest that oligodendrocytes are particularly vulnerable to glutamatergic toxicity. Mice were subjected to rmTBI injury (5 injuries in 5 days) and randomized to treatment with memantine or with vehicle (n = 32/group). At the molecular level, oligodendrocyte counts and function (myelin basic protein, MBP) were assessed by immunohistochemistry and western blot at days 3, 7 and 28 days after the last injury. Axon integrity was assessed by neurofilament light chain (NF-l) expression and axonal ultrastructure was evaluated by electron microscopy. Compared to vehicle-treated mice, memantine-treated mice were protected against oligodendrocyte loss and decreased MBP expression at subacute time points after injury. Memantine treatment also protected against axon damage assessed by NF-l expression. These data suggest that the therapeutic effects of post-concussive NMDAR antagonism may in part work through oligodendrocyte specific mechanisms, which may have implications for long term neurodegenerative sequelae after multiple concussions.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Axons/metabolism ; Brain/drug effects ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain/physiopathology ; Brain Concussion/complications ; Brain Concussion/prevention & control ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta/metabolism ; Male ; Memantine/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Models, Animal ; Myelin Basic Protein/metabolism ; Neurofilament Proteins/metabolism ; Oligodendroglia/drug effects ; Oligodendroglia/metabolism ; Oligodendroglia/pathology ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Mbp protein, mouse ; Myelin Basic Protein ; Neurofilament Proteins ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; neurofilament protein L ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Gsk3b protein, mouse (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Memantine (W8O17SJF3T)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 196739-3
    ISSN 1873-7544 ; 0306-4522
    ISSN (online) 1873-7544
    ISSN 0306-4522
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.016
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: BBB pathophysiology-independent delivery of siRNA in traumatic brain injury.

    Li, Wen / Qiu, Jianhua / Li, Xiang-Ling / Aday, Sezin / Zhang, Jingdong / Conley, Grace / Xu, Jun / Joseph, John / Lan, Haoyue / Langer, Robert / Mannix, Rebekah / Karp, Jeffrey M / Joshi, Nitin

    Science advances

    2021  Volume 7, Issue 1

    Abstract: Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapeutics can mitigate the long-term sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI) but suffer from poor permeability across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). One approach to overcoming this challenge involves treatment ... ...

    Abstract Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapeutics can mitigate the long-term sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI) but suffer from poor permeability across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). One approach to overcoming this challenge involves treatment administration while BBB is transiently breached after injury. However, it offers a limited window for therapeutic intervention and is applicable to only a subset of injuries with substantially breached BBB. We report a nanoparticle platform for BBB pathophysiology-independent delivery of siRNA in TBI. We achieved this by combined modulation of surface chemistry and coating density on nanoparticles, which maximized their active transport across BBB. Engineered nanoparticles injected within or outside the window of breached BBB in TBI mice showed threefold higher brain accumulation compared to nonengineered PEGylated nanoparticles and 50% gene silencing. Together, our data suggest that this nanoparticle platform is a promising next-generation drug delivery approach for the treatment of TBI.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/genetics ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/therapy ; Mice ; Nanoparticles ; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
    Chemical Substances RNA, Small Interfering
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2810933-8
    ISSN 2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
    ISSN (online) 2375-2548
    ISSN 2375-2548
    DOI 10.1126/sciadv.abd6889
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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