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Article ; Online: COVID-19 and smoking

Constantine I. Vardavas / Katerina Nikitara

Tobacco Induced Diseases, Vol 18, Iss March (2020)

A systematic review of the evidence

2020

Keywords	tobacco ; smoking ; covid-19 ; coronavirus ; Diseases of the respiratory system ; RC705-779 ; Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ; RC254-282 ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	European Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: COVID-19 and smoking

Constantine I. Vardavas / Katerina Nikitara

Tobacco Induced Diseases, Vol 18, Iss March (2020)

A systematic review of the evidence

2020

Keywords	tobacco ; smoking ; covid-19 ; coronavirus ; Diseases of the respiratory system ; RC705-779 ; Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ; RC254-282 ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	European Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The role of ENSP and European cooperation for improving research in the field of tobacco control in Central and Eastern Europe

Constantine I. Vardavas

Tobacco Prevention and Cessation, Vol 4, Iss Supplement (2018)

2018

Abstract: Tobacco control is a global activity which can be fueled by joining local and global efforts. Within this presentation we outline the activities that are being performed to strengthen tobacco control in Central and Eastern European region countries. Such ...

Abstract	Tobacco control is a global activity which can be fueled by joining local and global efforts. Within this presentation we outline the activities that are being performed to strengthen tobacco control in Central and Eastern European region countries. Such activities rest on three pillars. Firstly, through educational activities such as conferences and capacity building events. Secondly through the participation in joint research projects including EUREST-PLUS and EPACTT, two projects that span more than 17 Central and Eastern European Countries and have provided evidence based tobacco control measures and thirdly, the role of communication across and between European Region countries in the form of “train the trainer” programmes.
Keywords	tobacco control ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	European Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Factors associated with abstinence after a recent smoking cessation attempt across 28 European Union member states

Chung-mei M. Cheung / Constantine I. Vardavas / Filippos T. Filippidis

Tobacco Prevention and Cessation, Vol 7, Iss January, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 11

Abstract: Introduction There is a lack of information regarding factors associated with successful smoking cessation on a population and European Union (EU)-wide level. Our study seeks to explore individual and country-level factors associated with abstinence ... ...

Abstract	Introduction There is a lack of information regarding factors associated with successful smoking cessation on a population and European Union (EU)-wide level. Our study seeks to explore individual and country-level factors associated with abstinence after a recent smoking cessation attempt across the EU. Methods We obtained data from the March 2017 Special Eurobarometer 87.1 (n=27901). Regression analysis was performed on a subset of 1472 individuals who made quit attempts in the past 12 months. Sociodemographic, policy and country-level factors were assessed using logistic regression among smokers and ex-smokers who attempted to quit approximately 12 months before the survey date. We defined and examined the Cessation Ratio (ratio of number of recent quitters to those who did not succeed) across 28 EU Member States. Results In all, 14.9% (n=1018) of current smokers and 8.80% (n=454) of exsmokers attempted to quit in approximately the last 12 months (n=1472). Cessation Ratios ranged from 0.182 (95% CI: 0.045–0.319) in Estonia to 1.060 (95% CI: 0.262–1.860) in Sweden. There is a quadratic, U-shaped relationship between odds of quitting and smoking prevalence. The lowest odds of cessation were observed at a prevalence of 26.3%, with higher odds of cessation observed above and below this point. Respondents who reported financial difficulties were less likely to quit (AOR=0.66; 95% CI: 0.52–0.83). There was no association of likelihood of success with other sociodemographic factors or the Tobacco Control Scale treatment score. Conclusions These findings highlight a need for exploring reasons behind the variation in likelihood of abstinence following a recent quit attempt, in order to design policies targeted at population groups or countries that need greater support.
Keywords	european union ; socioeconomic status ; smoking cessation ; successful cessation ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	320
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	European Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Prevalence and reasons for use of Heated Tobacco Products (HTP) in Europe

Anthony A. Laverty / Constantine I. Vardavas / Filippos T. Filippidis

The Lancet Regional Health. Europe, Vol 8, Iss , Pp 100159- (2021)

an analysis of Eurobarometer data in 28 countries

2021

Abstract: ABSTRACT: Background: Heated Tobacco Products (HTP) are a relatively new class of tobacco products, with limited data on usage patterns. We assessed the prevalence and reasons for use among persons aged ≥15 years in 27 European Union member states and ... ...

Abstract	ABSTRACT: Background: Heated Tobacco Products (HTP) are a relatively new class of tobacco products, with limited data on usage patterns. We assessed the prevalence and reasons for use among persons aged ≥15 years in 27 European Union member states and the United Kingdom· Methods: The 2020 Eurobarometer (93·2) survey was analysed (n=28,300, aged ≥15). Multi-level regression analyses assessed socio-demographic differences in use while separate analyses investigated reasons for starting to use HTP. Results are presented as adjusted Odds Ratios (aOR) and weighted percentages with 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI). Findings: Overall, 6·5% (95% CI 6·1;7·0) of participants had ever used a HTP. 1·3% (1·1%;1·5%) of participants were current users of HTP, and 0·7% (0·6% to 0·9%) daily users. Current and former tobacco smokers were more likely than never tobacco smokers to use HTP (aOR 36·3 (22·9;57·5), and 7·3 (4·3;12·3) respectively. Youth aged 15-24 years of age were substantially more likely to report use, e.g. aOR for ever use=7·77 (6·56;9·21) compared to those aged ≥55 years. 51·3% of ever HTP users reported at least weekly concurrent use of combustible tobacco. Among those who reported ever use of HTP, but not e-cigarettes, the most popular reason for use was the perception that HTP are less harmful than smoking tobacco (39·5%), followed by use by friends (28·4%) and stopping or reducing smoking (28·2%). Interpretation: Considerable numbers of people in the EU have ever used HTP, although current and daily use remains low. Current use is more common among younger people, and current and former smokers. Funding: None
Keywords	Heated tobacco ; tobacco control ; smoking ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: How do Europeans quit using tobacco, e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products? A cross-sectional analysis in 28 European countries

Anthony A Laverty / Filippos T Filippidis / Constantine I Vardavas / Marie line El Asmar

BMJ Open, Vol 12, Iss

2022 Volume 4

Keywords	Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: State specific estimates of vaccine hesitancy among US adults

Uyoyo Omaduvie / Ghassan Bachuwa / Olalekan A. Ayo-Yusuf / Constantine I. Vardavas / Israel Agaku

Population Medicine, Vol 3, Iss December, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 9

Abstract: Introduction Vaccine hesitancy has both individual and population-level consequences. At the individual level, it increases the risk of transmission while posing a barrier to achieving herd immunity at the population level. Studies have examined the ... ...

Abstract	Introduction Vaccine hesitancy has both individual and population-level consequences. At the individual level, it increases the risk of transmission while posing a barrier to achieving herd immunity at the population level. Studies have examined the sociodemographic characteristics associated with vaccine hesitancy at a national level in the US, but there is a paucity of state-specific data. Methods We investigated state-by-state variation in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and examined the role of variations in incidence and mortality rates. Self-reported data were obtained from the Household Pulse Survey, a webbased, representative survey of 68348 US adults conducted during 6–18 January 2021. Confirmed COVID-19 incident and mortality cases were obtained from the COVID Tracking Project and standardized as cases per capita based on US census population estimates by state. Adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) were estimated using Poisson regression in StataV15.1. Results Nationally, 23.5% reported vaccine hesitancy, ranging from 11.7% in Rhode Island, to 40.2% in Louisiana. Factors associated with increased likelihood of being vaccine hesitant included: being Black as compared to White (APR=1.63; 95% CI: 1.53–1.73), having already tested positive for COVID-19 versus never having tested positive (APR=1.18; 95% CI: 1.12–1.25), being female versus male (APR=1.15; 95% CI: 1.11–1.20), and living in a Republican versus Democratic ‘leaning’ State (APR=1.26; 95% CI: 1.20– 1.32). Conversely, the likelihood of being vaccine hesitant was lower among those in multi-unit dwelling, those with higher education level and income. One in four Americans indicated vaccine hesitancy, especially women, Blacks and those living in Republican ‘leaning’ States. Conclusions Enhanced and sustained efforts are needed to boost trust and confidence in the COVID-19 vaccines. A better understanding of reasons why specific subgroups object to the vaccine may inform targeted efforts to encourage vaccine confidence and uptake.
Keywords	sociodemographic ; covid-19 ; vaccine hesitancy ; pandemic ; sociopolitical ; state ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	European Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Trends and correlates of waterpipe use in the European Union, 2009-2017

Filippos T Filippidis / Mohammed Jawad / Constantine I. Vardavas

Tobacco Prevention and Cessation, Vol 4, Iss Supplement (2018)

2018

Abstract: Introduction Aims and objective: To explore the trends and correlates of waterpipe use between 2009 and 2017 across the European Union (EU. Methods: We analysed data from waves 72.3 (2009, n=27,788); 77.1 (2012, n=26,751); 82.4 (2014, n=27,801); and 87.1 ...

Abstract	Introduction Aims and objective: To explore the trends and correlates of waterpipe use between 2009 and 2017 across the European Union (EU. Methods: We analysed data from waves 72.3 (2009, n=27,788); 77.1 (2012, n=26,751); 82.4 (2014, n=27,801); and 87.1 (2017, n=27,901) of the Eurobarometer survey in all 28 EU member states. Representative samples of EU residents aged ≥15 years were asked to report ever use of waterpipe. Regular waterpipe use, i.e. at least once a month was also assessed in 2017. We used multi-level logistic regression to assess associations of ever and current use with sociodemographic factors. Results The prevalence of ever waterpipe use in the EU increased from 11.6% in 2009 to 16.3% in 2014, but dropped to 12.9% in 2017. Variation between EU member states was observed, ranging from 2.3% (Croatia, 2009) to 41.7% (Latvia, 2017). Regular waterpipe use was highest in Austria (3.6%), Latvia (2.5%) and Belgium (2.0%) in 2017. Those aged 15-24 years were 11.43 times more likely (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 10.71-12.21) to have ever used waterpipe compared to respondents 55 years and older. Regular and ever waterpipe use were also more likely among current and former cigarette smokers. Males (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]=1.64; 95% CI: 1.58-1.70) and those living in urban areas (aOR=1.36; 95% CI: 1.30-1.42) were more likely to have ever used waterpipe. Conclusions A substantial proportion of EU citizens, especially young men, have tried waterpipe. Regular use is relatively limited, but more systematic surveillance is required to monitor trends across the EU. Funding This work was supported by a grant from the European Commission (Horizon2020 HCO-6-2015; EUREST-PLUS: 681109; Vardavas).
Keywords	E-cigarettes ; novel products ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	940
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	European Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: ITC EUREST-PLUS Spain

Marcela Fu / Yolanda Castellano / Olena Tigova / Pete Driezen / Mary E. Thompson / Susan C. Kaai / Anne C.K. Quah / Geoffrey T. Fong / Constantine I. Vardavas / Esteve Fernández

Gaceta Sanitaria, Vol 37, Iss , Pp 102307- (2023)

protocol of a prospective longitudinal study of smokers in Spain

2023

Abstract: Objective: The ITC EUREST-PLUS Spain Survey is a longitudinal study of a representative sample of Spanish adult (≥18 years old) smokers. This protocol describes the methods of the 2021 follow-up survey. Method: The ITC EUREST-PLUS Survey, a prospective ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The ITC EUREST-PLUS Spain Survey is a longitudinal study of a representative sample of Spanish adult (≥18 years old) smokers. This protocol describes the methods of the 2021 follow-up survey. Method: The ITC EUREST-PLUS Survey, a prospective cohort study of a representative sample of smokers in six European countries, was conducted in 2016 (baseline) and 2018 (waves 1 and 2). The 2021 ITC EUREST-PLUS Spain Survey is a continuation of the Spanish cohort with a new interview in 2021 (wave 3). Lost participants were replaced with new smokers recruited using the same multi-stage sampling design. This latest follow-up aims to examine current patterns and transitions of tobacco use and to evaluate the impact of new tobacco-related policies. Comments: The ITC EUREST-PLUS Spain Survey will provide recent information about the impact of tobacco control policies on smoking behaviour. Resumen: Objetivo: La encuesta ITC EUREST-PLUS España es un estudio longitudinal de una muestra representativa de fumadores adultos (≥18 años) españoles. Este protocolo describe los métodos de la encuesta de seguimiento de 2021. Método: La encuesta ITC EUREST-PLUS, un estudio de cohortes prospectivo de una muestra representativa de fumadores en seis países europeos, se realizó en 2016 y 2018 (olas 1 y 2). La encuesta ITC EUREST-PLUS España de 2021 es una continuación de la cohorte española con una nueva entrevista en 2021 (ola 3). Se sustituyeron las pérdidas con nuevos fumadores reclutados usando el mismo diseño muestral multietápico. Este último seguimiento pretende examinar los patrones actuales y las transiciones del uso de tabaco, y evaluar el impacto de nuevas políticas relacionadas con el tabaco. Comentarios: La encuesta ITC EUREST-PLUS España de 2021 proporcionará información reciente sobre el impacto de las políticas de control del tabaco en el consumo de tabaco.
Keywords	Fumar ; Productos de tabaco ; Características de estudios epidemiológicos ; Encuestas y cuestionarios ; Estudios de cohortes ; Métodos ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Assessing e-cigarette product compliance to the TPD

Constantine I. Vardavas / on behalf of the EUREST-PLUS consortium

Tobacco Prevention and Cessation, Vol 4, Iss Supplement (2018)

2018

Abstract: The most popular e-liquid websites and their marketed brands, in 9 European countries (Greece, France, Poland, Germany, Holland, the United Kingdom, Spain, Romania and Hungary) were identified and 122 products in total were bought. We evaluated the ... ...

Abstract	The most popular e-liquid websites and their marketed brands, in 9 European countries (Greece, France, Poland, Germany, Holland, the United Kingdom, Spain, Romania and Hungary) were identified and 122 products in total were bought. We evaluated the different types of labelling information and warnings that may be included either within or on the packaging and leaflet of the products, assessed technical design/safety features and evaluated the chemical composition of e-cigarettes. There is a good compliance level of the products in specific technical design/safety characteristics such as nicotine content ≤20 ml, child proof vial, list of ingredients which varied among countries while refill mechanism requirements implementation was poor among products. As for chemical evaluation of the products, several respiratory irritants and discrepancies in the reported vs. measured nicotine content of e-liquids were identified. Funding This work was supported by a grant from the European Commission (Horizon2020 HCO-6-2015; EUREST-PLUS: 681109).
Keywords	E-cigarette ; TPD ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	European Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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