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  1. Article ; Online: Warp-Free TEM Sample Preparation Methods Using FIB/SEM Systems.

    Cook, Steven R

    Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada

    2022  , Page(s) 1–10

    Abstract: Warping is a limiting factor when preparing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) samples using focused ion beam (FIB)/scanning electron microscope (SEM) systems. The conventional FIB sputtering process leaves at least one side of the lamella too thin ... ...

    Abstract Warping is a limiting factor when preparing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) samples using focused ion beam (FIB)/scanning electron microscope (SEM) systems. The conventional FIB sputtering process leaves at least one side of the lamella too thin to provide structural support to offset inherent stresses. As a result, warping can occur impacting imagining and reducing the potential size of lamellae. For example, capturing more than a few back-end metal layers in a 3
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1385710-1
    ISSN 1435-8115 ; 1431-9276
    ISSN (online) 1435-8115
    ISSN 1431-9276
    DOI 10.1017/S1431927622012181
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Compound and Dose-Dependent Effects of Two Neonicotinoid Pesticides on Honey Bee (

    Cook, Steven C

    Insects

    2019  Volume 10, Issue 1

    Abstract: Use of neonicotinoid pesticides is now ubiquitous, and consequently non-targeted arthropods are exposed to their residues at sub-lethal doses. Exposure to these neurotoxins may be a major contributor to poor honey bee colony health. Few studies have ... ...

    Abstract Use of neonicotinoid pesticides is now ubiquitous, and consequently non-targeted arthropods are exposed to their residues at sub-lethal doses. Exposure to these neurotoxins may be a major contributor to poor honey bee colony health. Few studies have explored how sub lethal exposure to neonicotinoids affects honey bee metabolic physiology, including nutritional and energetic homeostasis, both of which are important for maintaining colony health. Reported here are results from a study of chronic oral exposure of honey bees to two sub lethal concentrations of clothianidin and imidacloprid. Neonicotinoids altered important aspects of honey bee nutritional and metabolic physiology in a compound and dose-dependent manner; both compounds at low doses reduced honey bee body weight. Low-dose clothianidin exposure resulted in bees having protein, lipids, carbohydrates, and glycogen levels similar to newly emerged bees. High-dose clothianidin exposure lowered lipids and glycogen content of bees. High-dose imidacloprid exposure resulted in bees having depressed metabolic rate. Low-dose imidacloprid exposure resulted in bees consuming low and high levels of protein and carbohydrate rich foods, respectively. Results suggest neonicotinoids interfere with honey bee endocrine neurophysiological pathways. Compound and dose-dependent effects might represent respective chemical structural differences determining an observed effect, and thresholds of compound effects on honey bee physiology.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662247-6
    ISSN 2075-4450
    ISSN 2075-4450
    DOI 10.3390/insects10010018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Non-optimal ambient temperatures aggravate insecticide toxicity and affect honey bees Apis mellifera L. gene regulation.

    Alburaki, Mohamed / Madella, Shayne / Cook, Steven C

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 3931

    Abstract: In this study, we conducted a transcriptional analysis of five honey bee genes to examine their functional involvement vis-à-vis ambient temperatures and exposure to imidacloprid. In a 15-day cage experiment, three cohorts of one-day-old sister bees ... ...

    Abstract In this study, we conducted a transcriptional analysis of five honey bee genes to examine their functional involvement vis-à-vis ambient temperatures and exposure to imidacloprid. In a 15-day cage experiment, three cohorts of one-day-old sister bees emerged in incubators, were distributed into cages, and maintained at three different temperatures (26 °C, 32 °C, 38 °C). Each cohort was fed a protein patty and three concentrations of imidacloprid-tainted sugar (0 ppb, 5 ppb and 20 ppb) ad libitum. Honey bee mortality, syrup and patty consumption were monitored daily over 15 days. Bees were sampled every three days for a total of five time points. RT-qPCR was used to longitudinally assess gene regulation of Vg, mrjp1, Rsod, AChE-2 and Trx-1 using RNA extracted from whole bee bodies. Kaplan-Meier models show that bees kept at both non-optimal temperatures (26 °C and 38 °C) were more susceptible to imidacloprid, with significantly higher mortality (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively) compared to the control. At 32 °C, no differences in mortality (P = 0.3) were recorded among treatments. In both imidacloprid treatment groups and the control, the expression of Vg and mrjp1 was significantly downregulated at 26 °C and 38 °C compared to the optimal temperature of 32 °C, indicating major influence of ambient temperature on the regulation of these genes. Within the ambient temperature groups, both imidacloprid treatments exclusively downregulated Vg and mrjp1 at 26 °C. AChE-2 and the poorly characterized Rsod gene were both consistently upregulated at the highest temperature (38 °C) compared to the ideal temperature (32 °C) in all treatment groups. Trx-1 showed no effect to both temperature and imidacloprid treatments and was regulated in an age-related manner. Overall, our results indicate that ambient temperatures amplify imidacloprid toxicity and affect honey bee gene regulation.
    MeSH term(s) Bees/genetics ; Animals ; Insecticides/toxicity ; Temperature ; Neonicotinoids/toxicity ; Nitro Compounds/toxicity
    Chemical Substances imidacloprid (3BN7M937V8) ; Insecticides ; Neonicotinoids ; Nitro Compounds
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-30264-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Neuronal contact predicts connectivity in the C. elegans brain.

    Cook, Steven J / Kalinski, Cristine A / Hobert, Oliver

    Current biology : CB

    2023  Volume 33, Issue 11, Page(s) 2315–2320.e2

    Abstract: Axons must project to particular brain regions, contact adjacent neurons, and choose appropriate synaptic targets to form a nervous system. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to explain synaptic partnership choice. In a "lock-and-key" mechanism, ... ...

    Abstract Axons must project to particular brain regions, contact adjacent neurons, and choose appropriate synaptic targets to form a nervous system. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to explain synaptic partnership choice. In a "lock-and-key" mechanism, first proposed by Sperry's chemoaffinity model,
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/physiology ; Synapses/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Neurites/physiology ; Brain
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1071731-6
    ISSN 1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
    ISSN (online) 1879-0445
    ISSN 0960-9822
    DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2023.04.071
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Association between cigar use, with and without cigarettes, and incident diagnosed COPD: a longitudinal cohort study.

    Cook, Steven / Buszkiewicz, James H / Levy, David T / Meza, Rafael / Fleischer, Nancy L

    Respiratory research

    2024  Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 13

    Abstract: Background: While regular cigar smoking is believed to carry similar health risks as regular cigarette smoking, the impact of cigar use, alone or in combination with cigarettes, on obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been well characterized. ... ...

    Abstract Background: While regular cigar smoking is believed to carry similar health risks as regular cigarette smoking, the impact of cigar use, alone or in combination with cigarettes, on obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been well characterized. The purpose of this study was to examine the prospective association between exclusive and dual cigar and cigarette use and incident self-reported diagnosed COPD.
    Methods: This study used data from Waves 1-5 (2013-2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, a nationally representative survey of U.S. adults. Longitudinal data from adults aged 40 to 79 at Wave 1, without a pre-existing COPD diagnosis who participated at follow-up interview were analyzed. A time-varying current tobacco exposure, lagged by one wave and categorized as: (a) never/non-current use; (b) exclusive cigar use; (c) exclusive cigarette use; and (d) dual cigar/cigarette use. Multivariable models adjusted for demographics (age, sex, race or ethnicity, education), clinical risk factors (asthma, obesity), and smoking-related confounders (second-hand smoke exposure, other combustible tobacco product use, e-cigarette use, time since quitting, cigarette pack-years). The incidence of self-reported diagnosed COPD was estimated using discrete-time survival models, using a general linear modeling (GLM) approach with a binomial distribution and a complementary log-log link function.
    Results: The analytic sample consisted of 9,556 adults with a mean (SD) age of 56 (10.4), who were predominately female (52.8%) and Non-Hispanic White (70.8%). A total of 906 respondents reported a diagnosis of COPD at follow-up. In the fully adjusted model, exclusive cigar use (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.57, 95% CI: 0.77, 3.21) was not associated with increased COPD risk compared to non-use, while exclusive cigarette use (aHR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.93) and dual cigar/cigarette use (aHR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.24, 2.85) were.
    Conclusions: Exclusive cigarette use and dual cigar/cigarette use were associated with diagnosed incident COPD. These results suggest that cigars, when used in combination with cigarettes, may be associated with poorer COPD health outcomes. Dual use may promote a higher likelihood of inhaling cigar smoke, and future research would benefit from examining whether inhalation of cigar smoke increases COPD risk.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Female ; Longitudinal Studies ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Tobacco Products/adverse effects ; Cohort Studies ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041675-1
    ISSN 1465-993X ; 1465-993X
    ISSN (online) 1465-993X
    ISSN 1465-993X
    DOI 10.1186/s12931-023-02649-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Correction to: Association between cigar use, with and without cigarettes, and incident diagnosed COPD: a longitudinal cohort study.

    Cook, Steven / Buszkiewicz, James H / Levy, David T / Meza, Rafael / Fleischer, Nancy L

    Respiratory research

    2024  Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 98

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2041675-1
    ISSN 1465-993X ; 1465-993X
    ISSN (online) 1465-993X
    ISSN 1465-993X
    DOI 10.1186/s12931-024-02728-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Author Response to Issues for Studies on E-cigarettes and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder.

    Cook, Steven F / Fleischer, Nancy L / Arenberg, Douglas A / Meza, Rafael

    American journal of preventive medicine

    2023  Volume 65, Issue 6, Page(s) 1198–1199

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/etiology ; Smoking Cessation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 632646-8
    ISSN 1873-2607 ; 0749-3797
    ISSN (online) 1873-2607
    ISSN 0749-3797
    DOI 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.09.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Compound and Dose-Dependent Effects of Two Neonicotinoid Pesticides on Honey Bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) Metabolic Physiology

    Cook, Steven C

    Insects. 2019 Jan. 08, v. 10, no. 1

    2019  

    Abstract: Use of neonicotinoid pesticides is now ubiquitous, and consequently non-targeted arthropods are exposed to their residues at sub-lethal doses. Exposure to these neurotoxins may be a major contributor to poor honey bee colony health. Few studies have ... ...

    Abstract Use of neonicotinoid pesticides is now ubiquitous, and consequently non-targeted arthropods are exposed to their residues at sub-lethal doses. Exposure to these neurotoxins may be a major contributor to poor honey bee colony health. Few studies have explored how sub lethal exposure to neonicotinoids affects honey bee metabolic physiology, including nutritional and energetic homeostasis, both of which are important for maintaining colony health. Reported here are results from a study of chronic oral exposure of honey bees to two sub lethal concentrations of clothianidin and imidacloprid. Neonicotinoids altered important aspects of honey bee nutritional and metabolic physiology in a compound and dose-dependent manner; both compounds at low doses reduced honey bee body weight. Low-dose clothianidin exposure resulted in bees having protein, lipids, carbohydrates, and glycogen levels similar to newly emerged bees. High-dose clothianidin exposure lowered lipids and glycogen content of bees. High-dose imidacloprid exposure resulted in bees having depressed metabolic rate. Low-dose imidacloprid exposure resulted in bees consuming low and high levels of protein and carbohydrate rich foods, respectively. Results suggest neonicotinoids interfere with honey bee endocrine neurophysiological pathways. Compound and dose-dependent effects might represent respective chemical structural differences determining an observed effect, and thresholds of compound effects on honey bee physiology.
    Keywords Apis mellifera ; arthropods ; body weight ; clothianidin ; dose response ; foods ; glycogen ; homeostasis ; honey bee colonies ; honey bees ; imidacloprid ; lipids ; metabolism ; neurophysiology ; neurotoxins ; oral exposure
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0108
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2075-4450
    DOI 10.3390/insects10010018
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: The bHLH-PAS gene

    Cook, Steven J / Vidal, Berta / Hobert, Oliver

    microPublication biology

    2021  Volume 2021

    Abstract: Single neuron-specific drivers are important tools for visualizing neuron anatomy, manipulating neuron activity and gene rescue experiments. We report here that genomic regions upstream of ... ...

    Abstract Single neuron-specific drivers are important tools for visualizing neuron anatomy, manipulating neuron activity and gene rescue experiments. We report here that genomic regions upstream of the
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2578-9430
    ISSN (online) 2578-9430
    DOI 10.17912/micropub.biology.000467
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: A longitudinal analysis of flavored cigar use and cigar smoking cessation among US adults.

    Buszkiewicz, James H / Cook, Steven / Oh, Hayoung / Mukerjee, Richa / Hirschtick, Jana L / Fleischer, Nancy L

    Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

    2023  

    Abstract: Background: Flavorings in cigars increase their appeal, mask the harsh taste of tobacco, and may hinder successful cigar smoking cessation; however, limited evidence has examined whether flavors are associated with short- or long-term cigar smoking ... ...

    Abstract Background: Flavorings in cigars increase their appeal, mask the harsh taste of tobacco, and may hinder successful cigar smoking cessation; however, limited evidence has examined whether flavors are associated with short- or long-term cigar smoking cessation.
    Methods: Using restricted data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Waves 1-5, we examined whether flavored cigar use was associated with 30-day-plus and 1-year-plus cigar smoking cessation among US adults. Multivariable discrete-time survival models were fit to a nationally representative sample of US adult (18+) respondents who had a current, established cigar use, smoked five or more days in the past 30 days, and did not exclusively smoke traditional premium cigars at baseline. Models adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, income, cigar and cigarette smoking intensity, and blunt use.
    Results: At baseline, 44.6% of respondents (n = 674) were 18-34 years old, 75.0% were male, 56.7% were non-Hispanic White, 78.9% had household incomes of <$50,000, and 56.2% smoked flavored cigars. In fully adjusted models, flavored cigar use was associated with a lower risk of 30-day-plus (HR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.60, 0.97) but not 1-year-plus cigar smoking cessation (HR = 0.81, 95% = 0.62, 1.05).
    Conclusions: We found that flavored cigar use was associated with a lower risk of short-term but not long-term cigar smoking cessation. More work is needed to understand the dynamics of cigar smoking transitions, including initiation, cessation, and relapse, particularly in larger cohorts and among those who exclusively use cigars or dual-use cigars and cigarettes.
    Implications: As local and some state jurisdictions continue to adopt partial or complete bans of flavored cigar products and the United States Food and Drug Administration considers a national ban of all characterizing flavors in cigars, there is a need for more longitudinal work examining the associations between flavorings in cigars and short and long-term cigar smoking behaviors, including but not limited to initiation, cessation, intensity of use, and relapse, particularly in diverse cohorts.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1452315-2
    ISSN 1469-994X ; 1462-2203
    ISSN (online) 1469-994X
    ISSN 1462-2203
    DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntad256
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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