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  1. Article: Wild-type and mutant p53 in cancer-related ferroptosis. A matter of stress management?

    Corazzari, Marco / Collavin, Licio

    Frontiers in genetics

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1148192

    Abstract: Cancer cells within tumor masses are chronically exposed to stress caused by nutrient deprivation, oxygen limitation, and high metabolic demand. They also accumulate hundreds of mutations, potentially generating aberrant proteins that can induce ... ...

    Abstract Cancer cells within tumor masses are chronically exposed to stress caused by nutrient deprivation, oxygen limitation, and high metabolic demand. They also accumulate hundreds of mutations, potentially generating aberrant proteins that can induce proteotoxic stress. Finally, cancer cells are exposed to various damages during chemotherapy. In a growing tumor, transformed cells eventually adapt to these conditions, eluding the death-inducing outcomes of signaling cascades triggered by chronic stress. One such extreme outcome is ferroptosis, a form of iron-dependent non-apoptotic cell death mediated by lipid peroxidation. Not surprisingly, the tumor suppressor p53 is involved in this process, with evidence suggesting that it acts as a pro-ferroptotic factor and that its ferroptosis-inducing activity may be relevant for tumor suppression. Missense alterations of the TP53 gene are extremely frequent in human cancers and give rise to mutant p53 proteins (mutp53) that lose tumor suppressive function and can acquire powerful oncogenic activities. This suggests that p53 mutation provides a selective advantage during tumor progression, raising interesting questions on the impact of p53 mutant proteins in modulating the ferroptotic process. Here, we explore the role of p53 and its cancer-related mutants in ferroptosis, using a perspective centered on the resistance/sensitivity of cancer cells to exogenous and endogenous stress conditions that can trigger ferroptotic cell death. We speculate that an accurate molecular understanding of this particular axis may improve cancer treatment options.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-20
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2606823-0
    ISSN 1664-8021
    ISSN 1664-8021
    DOI 10.3389/fgene.2023.1148192
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Doxorubicin loaded octacalcium phosphate particles as controlled release drug delivery systems: Physico-chemical characterization, in vitro drug release and evaluation of cell death pathway.

    Kovrlija, Ilijana / Pańczyszyn, Elżbieta / Demir, Oznur / Laizane, Marta / Corazzari, Marco / Locs, Janis / Loca, Dagnija

    International journal of pharmaceutics

    2024  Volume 653, Page(s) 123932

    Abstract: Mastering new and efficient ways to obtain successful drug delivery systems (DDS) with controlled release became a paramount quest in the scientific community. Increase of malignant bone tumors and the necessity to optimize an approach of localized drug ... ...

    Abstract Mastering new and efficient ways to obtain successful drug delivery systems (DDS) with controlled release became a paramount quest in the scientific community. Increase of malignant bone tumors and the necessity to optimize an approach of localized drug delivery require research to be even more intensified. Octacalcium phosphate (OCP), with a number of advantages over current counterparts is extensively used in bone engineering. The aim of the present research was to synthesize bioactive and biocompatible doxorubicin (DOX) containing OCP particles. DOX-OCP was successfully obtained in situ in an exhaustive range of added drug (1-20 wt%, theoretical loading). Based on XRD, above 10 wt% of DOX, OCP formation was inhibited and the obtained product was low crystalline α-TCP. In-vitro drug release was performed in pH 7.4 and 6.0. In both pH environments DOX had a continuous release over six weeks. However, the initial drug burst for pH 7.4, in the first 24 h, ranged from 15.9 ± 1.3 % to 33.5 ± 12 % and for pH 6.0 23.7 ± 1.5 % to 36.2 ± 12 %.The DOX-OCP exhibited an inhibitory effect on viability of osteosarcoma cell lines MG63, U2OS and HOS. In contrast, MC3T3-E1 cells (IC50 > 0.062 µM) displayed increased viability and proliferation from 3rd to 7th day. Testing of the DDS on ferroptotic markers (CHAC1, ACSL4 and PTGS2) showed that OCP-DOX does not induce ferroptotic cell death. Moreover, the evaluation of protein levels of cleaved PARP, by western blotting analysis, corroborated that apoptosis is the main pathway of programmed cell death in osteosarcoma cells induced by DOX-OCP.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Delayed-Action Preparations/therapeutic use ; Drug Liberation ; Doxorubicin/chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Osteosarcoma/drug therapy ; Cell Death ; Bone Neoplasms ; Calcium Phosphates
    Chemical Substances Delayed-Action Preparations ; octacalcium phosphate (13767-12-9) ; Doxorubicin (80168379AG) ; Calcium Phosphates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-21
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 428962-6
    ISSN 1873-3476 ; 0378-5173
    ISSN (online) 1873-3476
    ISSN 0378-5173
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123932
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  3. Article: FSP1 is a predictive biomarker of osteosarcoma cells' susceptibility to ferroptotic cell death and a potential therapeutic target.

    Panczyszyn, Elzbieta / Saverio, Valentina / Monzani, Romina / Gagliardi, Mara / Petrovic, Jelena / Stojkovska, Jasmina / Collavin, Licio / Corazzari, Marco

    Cell death discovery

    2024  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 87

    Abstract: Human osteosarcoma (OS) is a relatively rare malignancy preferentially affecting long body bones which prognosis is often poor also due to the lack of effective therapies. Clinical management of this cancer basically relies on surgical removal of primary ...

    Abstract Human osteosarcoma (OS) is a relatively rare malignancy preferentially affecting long body bones which prognosis is often poor also due to the lack of effective therapies. Clinical management of this cancer basically relies on surgical removal of primary tumor coupled with radio/chemotherapy. Unfortunately, most osteosarcoma cells are resistant to conventional therapy, with the undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) giving rise to gene expression reprogramming, thus increasing cancer cell invasiveness and metastatic potential. Alternative clinical approaches are thus urgently needed. In this context, the recently described ferroptotic cell death represents an attractive new strategy to efficiently kill cancer cells, since most chemoresistant and mesenchymal-shaped tumors display high susceptibility to pro-ferroptotic compounds. However, cancer cells have also evolved anti-ferroptotic strategies, which somehow sustain their survival upon ferroptosis induction. Indeed, here we show that osteosarcoma cell lines display heterogeneous sensitivity to ferroptosis execution, correlating with the mesenchymal phenotype, which is consistently affected by the expression of the well-known anti-ferroptotic factor ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1). Interestingly, inhibiting the activity or expression of FSP1 restores cancer cell sensitivity to ferroptosis. Moreover, we also found that: i) AKRs might also contribute to resistance; ii) NRF2 enhances FSP1 expression upon ferroptosis induction; while iii) p53 contributes to the regulation of FSP1 basal expression in OS cells.In conclusion, FSP1 expression can potentially be used as a valuable predictive marker of OS sensitivity to ferroptosis and as a new potential therapeutic target.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2058-7716
    ISSN 2058-7716
    DOI 10.1038/s41420-024-01854-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Transglutaminase 2 and Ferroptosis: a new liaison?

    Gagliardi, Mara / Saverio, Valentina / Rossin, Federica / D'Eletto, Manuela / Corazzari, Marco

    Cell death discovery

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 88

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ISSN 2058-7716
    ISSN 2058-7716
    DOI 10.1038/s41420-023-01394-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response in Alzheimer's disease: A calcium dyshomeostasis perspective.

    Lim, Dmitry / Tapella, Laura / Dematteis, Giulia / Genazzani, Armando A / Corazzari, Marco / Verkhratsky, Alexei

    Ageing research reviews

    2023  Volume 87, Page(s) 101914

    Abstract: Protein misfolding is prominent in early cellular pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), implicating pathophysiological significance of endoplasmic reticulum stress/unfolded protein response (ER stress/UPR) and highlighting it as a target for drug ... ...

    Abstract Protein misfolding is prominent in early cellular pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), implicating pathophysiological significance of endoplasmic reticulum stress/unfolded protein response (ER stress/UPR) and highlighting it as a target for drug development. Experimental data from animal AD models and observations on human specimens are, however, inconsistent. ER stress and associated UPR are readily observed in in vitro AD cellular models and in some AD model animals. In the human brain, components and markers of ER stress as well as UPR transducers are observed at Braak stages III-VI associated with severe neuropathology and neuronal death. The picture, however, is further complicated by the brain region- and cell type-specificity of the AD-related pathology. Terms 'disturbed' or 'non-canonical' ER stress/UPR were used to describe the discrepancies between experimental data and the classic ER stress/UPR cascade. Here we discuss possible 'disturbing' or 'interfering' factors which may modify ER stress/UPR in the early AD pathogenesis. We focus on the dysregulation of the ER Ca
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Calcium/metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/physiology ; Unfolded Protein Response ; Signal Transduction
    Chemical Substances Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2075672-0
    ISSN 1872-9649 ; 1568-1637
    ISSN (online) 1872-9649
    ISSN 1568-1637
    DOI 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101914
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Quantification of the Chemical Chaperone 4-Phenylbutyric Acid (4-PBA) in Cell Culture Media via LC-HRMS: Applications in Fields of Neurodegeneration and Cancer.

    Villani, Salvatore / Dematteis, Giulia / Tapella, Laura / Gagliardi, Mara / Lim, Dmitry / Corazzari, Marco / Aprile, Silvio / Del Grosso, Erika

    Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 2

    Abstract: In recent years, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), an FDA-approved drug, has increasingly been used as a nonspecific chemical chaperone in vitro and in vitro, but its pharmacodynamics is still not clear. In this context, we developed and validated a Liquid ... ...

    Abstract In recent years, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), an FDA-approved drug, has increasingly been used as a nonspecific chemical chaperone in vitro and in vitro, but its pharmacodynamics is still not clear. In this context, we developed and validated a Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method to quantify 4-PBA in NeuroBasal-A and Dulbecco's Modified Eagle widely used cell culture media. Samples were injected on a Luna
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2193542-7
    ISSN 1424-8247
    ISSN 1424-8247
    DOI 10.3390/ph16020298
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Identification of novel aza-analogs of TN-16 as disrupters of microtubule dynamics through a multicomponent reaction.

    Foroutan, Arash / Corazzari, Marco / Grolla, Ambra A / Colombo, Giorgia / Travelli, Cristina / Genazzani, Armando A / Theeramunkong, Sewan / Galli, Ubaldina / Tron, Gian Cesare

    European journal of medicinal chemistry

    2022  Volume 245, Issue Pt 1, Page(s) 114895

    Abstract: Despite novel biological targets emerging at an impressive rate for anticancer therapy, antitubulin drugs remain the backbone of numerous oncological protocols and their efficacy has been demonstrated in a wide variety of adult and pediatric cancers. In ... ...

    Abstract Despite novel biological targets emerging at an impressive rate for anticancer therapy, antitubulin drugs remain the backbone of numerous oncological protocols and their efficacy has been demonstrated in a wide variety of adult and pediatric cancers. In the present contribution, we set to develop analogs of a potent but neglected antitubulin agent, TN-16, originally discovered via modification of tenuazonic acid (3-acetyl-5-sec-butyltetramic acid). To this extent, we developed a novel multicomponent reaction to prepare TN-16, and then we applied the same reaction for the synthesis of aza-analogs. In brief, we prepared a library of 62 novel compounds, and three of these retained nanomolar potencies. TN-16 and the active analogs are cytotoxic on cancer cell lines and, as expected from antitubulin agents, induce G
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis ; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Microtubules/drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Tubulin/metabolism ; Tubulin Modulators/chemical synthesis ; Tubulin Modulators/chemistry ; Tubulin Modulators/pharmacology ; Pyrrolidinones/chemical synthesis ; Pyrrolidinones/chemistry ; Pyrrolidinones/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; TN 16 (33016-12-5) ; Tubulin ; Tubulin Modulators ; Pyrrolidinones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-03
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 188597-2
    ISSN 1768-3254 ; 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
    ISSN (online) 1768-3254
    ISSN 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114895
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Ferroptosis: a new unexpected chance to treat metastatic melanoma?

    Gagliardi, Mara / Saverio, Valentina / Monzani, Romina / Ferrari, Eleonora / Piacentini, Mauro / Corazzari, Marco

    Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)

    2020  Volume 19, Issue 19, Page(s) 2411–2425

    Abstract: Human skin melanoma is one of the most aggressive and difficult to treat human malignancies, with an increasing incidence over the years. While the resection of the early diagnosed primary tumor remains the best clinical approach, advanced/metastatic ... ...

    Abstract Human skin melanoma is one of the most aggressive and difficult to treat human malignancies, with an increasing incidence over the years. While the resection of the early diagnosed primary tumor remains the best clinical approach, advanced/metastatic melanoma still remains with a poor prognosis. Indeed, although enormous progress in the therapeutic treatment of human tumors has been made in recent years, patients affected by metastatic melanoma are still poorly affected by these clinical advances. Therefore, new valuable therapeutic approaches are urgently needed, to design and define effective treatments to consistently increase the overall survival rate of patients affected by this malignancy. In this review we summarize the main signaling pathways studied to kill human skin melanoma, and introduce the ferroptotic cell death as a new pathway to be explored to eradicate this tumor.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Ferroptosis/drug effects ; Humans ; Melanoma/drug therapy ; Melanoma/metabolism ; Melanoma/secondary ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Skin Neoplasms/metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Reactive Oxygen Species
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2146183-1
    ISSN 1551-4005 ; 1538-4101 ; 1554-8627
    ISSN (online) 1551-4005
    ISSN 1538-4101 ; 1554-8627
    DOI 10.1080/15384101.2020.1806426
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: A Gut-Ex-Vivo System to Study Gut Inflammation Associated to Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD).

    Gagliardi, Mara / Monzani, Romina / Clemente, Nausicaa / Fusaro, Luca / Saverio, Valentina / Grieco, Giovanna / Pańczyszyn, Elżbieta / Yissachar, Nissan / Boccafoschi, Francesca / Corazzari, Marco

    Biology

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 7

    Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex, chronic, and dysregulated inflammatory condition which etiology is still largely unknown. Its prognosis and disease progression are highly variable and unpredictable. IBD comprises several heterogeneous ... ...

    Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex, chronic, and dysregulated inflammatory condition which etiology is still largely unknown. Its prognosis and disease progression are highly variable and unpredictable. IBD comprises several heterogeneous inflammatory conditions ranging from Ulcerative Colitis (UC) to Crohn's Disease (CD). Importantly, a definite, well-established, and effective clinical treatment for these pathologies is still lacking. The urgent need for treatment is further supported by the notion that patients affected by UC or CD are also at risk of developing cancer. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms at the basis of IBD development and progression is strictly required to design new and efficient therapeutic regimens. Although the development of animal models has undoubtedly facilitated the study of IBD, such in vivo approaches are often expensive and time-consuming. Here we propose an organ ex vivo culture (Gut-Ex-Vivo system, GEVS) based on colon from Balb/c mice cultivated in a dynamic condition, able to model the biochemical and morphological features of the mouse models exposed to DNBS (5-12 days), in 5 h. Indeed, upon DNBS exposure, we observed a dose-dependent: (i) up-regulation of the stress-related protein transglutaminase 2 (TG2); (ii) increased intestinal permeability associated with deregulated tight junction protein expression; (iii) increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα, IFNγ, IL1β, IL6, IL17A, and IL15; (iv) down-regulation of the anti-inflammatory IL10; and (v) induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum stress (ER stress), all markers of IBD. Altogether, these data indicate that the proposed model can be efficiently used to study the pathogenesis of IBD, in a time- and cost-effective manner.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2661517-4
    ISSN 2079-7737
    ISSN 2079-7737
    DOI 10.3390/biology10070605
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  10. Article ; Online: Inhibition of the Histone Methyltransferase EZH2 Enhances Protumor Monocyte Recruitment in Human Mesothelioma Spheroids.

    Mola, Silvia / Pinton, Giulia / Erreni, Marco / Corazzari, Marco / De Andrea, Marco / Grolla, Ambra A / Martini, Veronica / Moro, Laura / Porta, Chiara

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2021  Volume 22, Issue 9

    Abstract: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive cancer with a long latency period and dismal prognosis. Recently, tazemetostat (EPZ-6438), an inhibitor of the histone methyltransferase EZH2, has entered clinical trials due to the ... ...

    Abstract Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive cancer with a long latency period and dismal prognosis. Recently, tazemetostat (EPZ-6438), an inhibitor of the histone methyltransferase EZH2, has entered clinical trials due to the antiproliferative effects reported on MPM cells. However, the direct and indirect effects of epigenetic reprogramming on the tumor microenvironment are hitherto unexplored. To investigate the impact of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) on MPM cell responsiveness to tazemetostat, we developed a three-dimensional MPM spheroid model that recapitulates in vitro, both monocytes' recruitment in tumors and their functional differentiation toward a TAM-like phenotype (Mo-TAMs). Along with an increased expression of genes for monocyte chemoattractants, inhibitory immune checkpoints, immunosuppressive and M2-like molecules, Mo-TAMs promote tumor cell proliferation and spreading. Prolonged treatment of MPM spheroids with tazemetostat enhances both the recruitment of Mo-TAMs and the expression of their protumor phenotype. Therefore, Mo-TAMs profoundly suppress the antiproliferative effects due to EZH2 inhibition in MPM cells. Overall, our findings indicate that TAMs are a driving force for MPM growth, progression, and resistance to tazemetostat; therefore, strategies of TAM depletion might be evaluated to improve the therapeutic efficacy of pharmacological inhibition of EZH2.
    MeSH term(s) Benzamides/pharmacology ; Biphenyl Compounds/pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/antagonists & inhibitors ; Humans ; Mesothelioma/drug therapy ; Mesothelioma/metabolism ; Mesothelioma/pathology ; Monocytes/drug effects ; Monocytes/pathology ; Morpholines/pharmacology ; Pyridones/pharmacology ; Spheroids, Cellular/drug effects ; Spheroids, Cellular/pathology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Tumor-Associated Macrophages/drug effects ; Tumor-Associated Macrophages/pathology
    Chemical Substances Benzamides ; Biphenyl Compounds ; Morpholines ; Pyridones ; EZH2 protein, human (EC 2.1.1.43) ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein (EC 2.1.1.43) ; tazemetostat (Q40W93WPE1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms22094391
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