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  1. Article: Higher-Level Executive Functions in Healthy Elderly and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review.

    Corbo, Ilaria / Casagrande, Maria

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 5

    Abstract: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a moderate decline in one or more cognitive functions with a preserved autonomy in daily life activities. MCI exhibits cognitive, behavioral, psychological symptoms. The executive ... ...

    Abstract Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a moderate decline in one or more cognitive functions with a preserved autonomy in daily life activities. MCI exhibits cognitive, behavioral, psychological symptoms. The executive functions (EFs) are key functions for everyday life and physical and mental health and allow for the behavior to adapt to external changes. Higher-level executive functions develop from basic EFs (inhibition, working memory, attentional control, and cognitive flexibility). They are planning, reasoning, problem solving, and fluid intelligence (Gf). This systematic review investigates the relationship between higher-level executive functions and healthy and pathological aging, assuming the role of executive functions deficits as a predictor of cognitive decline. The systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA Statement. A total of 73 studies were identified. The results indicate that 65.8% of the studies confirm significant EFs alterations in MCI (56.8% planning, 50% reasoning, 100% problem solving, 71.4% fluid intelligence). These results seem to highlight a strong prevalence of higher-level executive functions deficits in MCI elderly than in healthy elderly.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm11051204
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Poor Sleep Quality in Aging: The Association with Mental Health.

    Corbo, Ilaria / Forte, Giuseppe / Favieri, Francesca / Casagrande, Maria

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2023  Volume 20, Issue 3

    Abstract: Sleep disturbances are common in the elderly. A primary sleep disorder can result from the physiological decline of aging; however, secondary sleep problems result from various causes involving physical and mental health. Since little is known about the ... ...

    Abstract Sleep disturbances are common in the elderly. A primary sleep disorder can result from the physiological decline of aging; however, secondary sleep problems result from various causes involving physical and mental health. Since little is known about the relationships between sleep quality and mental health in aging, the present study aims to understand how different aspects generally associated with sleep (e.g., psychological and physiological factors, and sleep medication) may predict poor sleep quality in different stages of the lifespan. Therefore, we conducted several analyses (ANOVAs, Pearson correlations, and linear regressions) to test the hypotheses of the study. Accordingly, from a pool of 180 participants (elderly, middle-aged, and young adults), 143 individuals with poor sleep quality were selected. Different predictive patterns in the three groups emerged. Specifically, the use of sleep medication associated with worse sleep conditions is predicted by poor sleep quality in the elderly and by depression in young adults. In contrast, worsening sleep quality is predicted by depression in middle-aged adults. Previous studies focused on the transitions from good to poor sleep quality, while this is the first study to have examined the features of poor sleep quality in aging, highlighting different sleep patterns across the lifespan. This evidence should be considered from a preventive perspective.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Sleep Quality ; Aging/psychology ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Sleep/physiology ; Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology ; Sleep Wake Disorders/psychology ; Depression/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph20031661
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: The Protective Role of Cognitive Reserve in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review.

    Corbo, Ilaria / Marselli, Giulia / Di Ciero, Valerio / Casagrande, Maria

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 5

    Abstract: Cognitive reserve (CR) represents the ability to optimize performance and functioning to cope with brain damage or disease. CR reflects the capability to adaptively and flexibly use cognitive processes and brain networks to compensate for the ... ...

    Abstract Cognitive reserve (CR) represents the ability to optimize performance and functioning to cope with brain damage or disease. CR reflects the capability to adaptively and flexibly use cognitive processes and brain networks to compensate for the deterioration typical of aging. Several studies have investigated the potential role of CR in aging, especially from the perspective of preventing and protecting against dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). This systematic literature review aimed to investigate the role of CR as a protective factor against MCI and associated cognitive decline. The review process was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. For this purpose, ten studies were analyzed. The results of this review show that high CR is significantly associated with a reduced risk of MCI. In addition, a significant positive relationship between CR and cognitive functioning is observed when comparing subjects with MCI and healthy subjects and within people with MCI. Thus, the results confirm the positive role of cognitive reserve in mitigating cognitive impairment. The evidence from this systematic review is consistent with the theoretical models of CR. Indeed, previous research hypothesized that specific individual experiences (such as leisure activities) allow a person to acquire successful neural resources over the years to cope with cognitive decline.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm12051759
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Sleep Quality and Aging: A Systematic Review on Healthy Older People, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.

    Casagrande, Maria / Forte, Giuseppe / Favieri, Francesca / Corbo, Ilaria

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 14

    Abstract: Aging is characterized by changes in the structure and quality of sleep. When the alterations in sleep become substantial, they can generate or accelerate cognitive decline, even in the absence of overt pathology. In fact, impaired sleep represents one ... ...

    Abstract Aging is characterized by changes in the structure and quality of sleep. When the alterations in sleep become substantial, they can generate or accelerate cognitive decline, even in the absence of overt pathology. In fact, impaired sleep represents one of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This systematic review aimed to analyze the studies on sleep quality in aging, also considering mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. The review process was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. A total of 71 studies were included, and the whole sample had a mean age that ranged from 58.3 to 93.7 years (62.8-93.7 healthy participants and 61.8-86.7 pathological populations). Of these selected studies, 33 adopt subjective measurements, 31 adopt objective measures, and 10 studies used both. Pathological aging showed a worse impoverishment of sleep than older adults, in both subjective and objective measurements. The most common aspect compromised in AD and MCI were REM sleep, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, and sleep duration. These results underline that sleep alterations are associated with cognitive impairment. In conclusion, the frequency and severity of sleep disturbance appear to follow the evolution of cognitive impairment. The overall results of objective measures seem more consistent than those highlighted by subjective measurements.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; Alzheimer Disease/complications ; Cognitive Dysfunction/complications ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Quality ; Sleep Wake Disorders/complications
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph19148457
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

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    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

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