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  1. Article ; Online: Behavioral control by depolarized and hyperpolarized states of an integrating neuron

    Aylesse Sordillo / Cornelia I Bargmann

    eLife, Vol

    2021  Volume 10

    Abstract: Coordinated transitions between mutually exclusive motor states are central to behavioral decisions. During locomotion, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans spontaneously cycles between forward runs, reversals, and turns with complex but predictable ... ...

    Abstract Coordinated transitions between mutually exclusive motor states are central to behavioral decisions. During locomotion, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans spontaneously cycles between forward runs, reversals, and turns with complex but predictable dynamics. Here, we provide insight into these dynamics by demonstrating how RIM interneurons, which are active during reversals, act in two modes to stabilize both forward runs and reversals. By systematically quantifying the roles of RIM outputs during spontaneous behavior, we show that RIM lengthens reversals when depolarized through glutamate and tyramine neurotransmitters and lengthens forward runs when hyperpolarized through its gap junctions. RIM is not merely silent upon hyperpolarization: RIM gap junctions actively reinforce a hyperpolarized state of the reversal circuit. Additionally, the combined outputs of chemical synapses and gap junctions from RIM regulate forward-to-reversal transitions. Our results indicate that multiple classes of RIM synapses create behavioral inertia during spontaneous locomotion.
    Keywords neural circuits ; synapses ; gap junctions ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Diverse modes of synaptic signaling, regulation, and plasticity distinguish two classes of C. elegans glutamatergic neurons

    Donovan Ventimiglia / Cornelia I Bargmann

    eLife, Vol

    2017  Volume 6

    Abstract: Synaptic vesicle release properties vary between neuronal cell types, but in most cases the molecular basis of this heterogeneity is unknown. Here, we compare in vivo synaptic properties of two neuronal classes in the C. elegans central nervous system, ... ...

    Abstract Synaptic vesicle release properties vary between neuronal cell types, but in most cases the molecular basis of this heterogeneity is unknown. Here, we compare in vivo synaptic properties of two neuronal classes in the C. elegans central nervous system, using VGLUT-pHluorin to monitor synaptic vesicle exocytosis and retrieval in intact animals. We show that the glutamatergic sensory neurons AWCON and ASH have distinct synaptic dynamics associated with tonic and phasic synaptic properties, respectively. Exocytosis in ASH and AWCON is differentially affected by SNARE-complex regulators that are present in both neurons: phasic ASH release is strongly dependent on UNC-13, whereas tonic AWCON release relies upon UNC-18 and on the protein kinase C homolog PKC-1. Strong stimuli that elicit high calcium levels increase exocytosis and retrieval rates in AWCON, generating distinct tonic and evoked synaptic modes. These results highlight the differential deployment of shared presynaptic proteins in neuronal cell type-specific functions.
    Keywords synaptic transmission ; synaptic plasticity ; endocytosis ; genetics ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Reliability of an interneuron response depends on an integrated sensory state

    May Dobosiewicz / Qiang Liu / Cornelia I Bargmann

    eLife, Vol

    2019  Volume 8

    Abstract: The central nervous system transforms sensory information into representations that are salient to the animal. Here we define the logic of this transformation in a Caenorhabditis elegans integrating interneuron. AIA interneurons receive input from ... ...

    Abstract The central nervous system transforms sensory information into representations that are salient to the animal. Here we define the logic of this transformation in a Caenorhabditis elegans integrating interneuron. AIA interneurons receive input from multiple chemosensory neurons that detect attractive odors. We show that reliable AIA responses require the coincidence of two sensory inputs: activation of AWA olfactory neurons that are activated by attractive odors, and inhibition of one or more chemosensory neurons that are inhibited by attractive odors. AWA activates AIA through an electrical synapse, while the disinhibitory pathway acts through glutamatergic chemical synapses. AIA interneurons have bistable electrophysiological properties consistent with their calcium dynamics, suggesting that AIA activation is a stereotyped response to an integrated stimulus. Our results indicate that AIA interneurons combine sensory information using AND-gate logic, requiring coordinated activity from multiple chemosensory neurons. We propose that AIA encodes positive valence based on an integrated sensory state.
    Keywords olfaction ; calcium imaging ; optogenetics ; sensory integration ; neural circuits ; electrophysiology ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Neuromodulatory Control of Long-Term Behavioral Patterns and Individuality across Development

    Stern, Shay / Christoph Kirst / Cornelia I. Bargmann

    Cell. 2017 Dec. 14, v. 171, no. 7

    2017  

    Abstract: Animals generate complex patterns of behavior across development that may be shared or unique to individuals. Here, we examine the contributions of developmental programs and individual variation to behavior by monitoring single Caenorhabditis elegans ... ...

    Abstract Animals generate complex patterns of behavior across development that may be shared or unique to individuals. Here, we examine the contributions of developmental programs and individual variation to behavior by monitoring single Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes over their complete developmental trajectories and quantifying their behavior at high spatiotemporal resolution. These measurements reveal reproducible trajectories of spontaneous foraging behaviors that are stereotyped within and between developmental stages. Dopamine, serotonin, the neuropeptide receptor NPR-1, and the TGF-β peptide DAF-7 each have stage-specific effects on behavioral trajectories, implying the existence of a modular temporal program controlled by neuromodulators. In addition, a fraction of individuals within isogenic populations raised in controlled environments have consistent, non-genetic behavioral biases that persist across development. Several neuromodulatory systems increase or decrease the degree of non-genetic individuality to shape sustained patterns of behavior across the population.
    Keywords animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; developmental stages ; dopamine ; foraging ; monitoring ; neuropeptide receptors ; neurotransmitters ; serotonin ; transforming growth factor beta
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-1214
    Size p. 1649-1662.e10.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 187009-9
    ISSN 1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
    ISSN (online) 1097-4172
    ISSN 0092-8674
    DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.041
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: All-optical closed-loop voltage clamp for precise control of muscles and neurons in live animals

    Amelie C. F. Bergs / Jana F. Liewald / Silvia Rodriguez-Rozada / Qiang Liu / Christin Wirt / Artur Bessel / Nadja Zeitzschel / Hilal Durmaz / Adrianna Nozownik / Holger Dill / Maëlle Jospin / Johannes Vierock / Cornelia I. Bargmann / Peter Hegemann / J. Simon Wiegert / Alexander Gottschalk

    Nature Communications, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 17

    Abstract: Optogenetic actuation regimes are often static, which allows perturbation, but not true control of neuronal activity. Here, the authors describe an all-optical method for bidirectional steering of membrane potential, in closed loop, in C. elegans muscles ...

    Abstract Optogenetic actuation regimes are often static, which allows perturbation, but not true control of neuronal activity. Here, the authors describe an all-optical method for bidirectional steering of membrane potential, in closed loop, in C. elegans muscles and neurons, and rat hippocampal slice culture. The ‘optogenetic voltage clamp’ uses two microbial rhodopsin actuators and the rhodopsin voltage indicator QuasAr.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Context-dependent reversal of odorant preference is driven by inversion of the response in a single sensory neuron type.

    Munzareen Khan / Anna H Hartmann / Michael P O'Donnell / Madeline Piccione / Anjali Pandey / Pin-Hao Chao / Noelle D Dwyer / Cornelia I Bargmann / Piali Sengupta

    PLoS Biology, Vol 20, Iss 6, p e

    2022  Volume 3001677

    Abstract: The valence and salience of individual odorants are modulated by an animal's innate preferences, learned associations, and internal state, as well as by the context of odorant presentation. The mechanisms underlying context-dependent flexibility in odor ... ...

    Abstract The valence and salience of individual odorants are modulated by an animal's innate preferences, learned associations, and internal state, as well as by the context of odorant presentation. The mechanisms underlying context-dependent flexibility in odor valence are not fully understood. Here, we show that the behavioral response of Caenorhabditis elegans to bacterially produced medium-chain alcohols switches from attraction to avoidance when presented in the background of a subset of additional attractive chemicals. This context-dependent reversal of odorant preference is driven by cell-autonomous inversion of the response to these alcohols in the single AWC olfactory neuron pair. We find that while medium-chain alcohols inhibit the AWC olfactory neurons to drive attraction, these alcohols instead activate AWC to promote avoidance when presented in the background of a second AWC-sensed odorant. We show that these opposing responses are driven via engagement of distinct odorant-directed signal transduction pathways within AWC. Our results indicate that context-dependent recruitment of alternative intracellular signaling pathways within a single sensory neuron type conveys opposite hedonic valences, thereby providing a robust mechanism for odorant encoding and discrimination at the periphery.
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 612
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: An oxytocin/vasopressin-related neuropeptide modulates social foraging behavior in the clonal raider ant.

    Ingrid Fetter-Pruneda / Taylor Hart / Yuko Ulrich / Asaf Gal / Peter R Oxley / Leonora Olivos-Cisneros / Margaret S Ebert / Manija A Kazmi / Jennifer L Garrison / Cornelia I Bargmann / Daniel J C Kronauer

    PLoS Biology, Vol 19, Iss 6, p e

    2021  Volume 3001305

    Abstract: Oxytocin/vasopressin-related neuropeptides are highly conserved and play major roles in regulating social behavior across vertebrates. However, whether their insect orthologue, inotocin, regulates the behavior of social groups remains unknown. Here, we ... ...

    Abstract Oxytocin/vasopressin-related neuropeptides are highly conserved and play major roles in regulating social behavior across vertebrates. However, whether their insect orthologue, inotocin, regulates the behavior of social groups remains unknown. Here, we show that in the clonal raider ant Ooceraea biroi, individuals that perform tasks outside the nest have higher levels of inotocin in their brains than individuals of the same age that remain inside the nest. We also show that older ants, which spend more time outside the nest, have higher inotocin levels than younger ants. Inotocin thus correlates with the propensity to perform tasks outside the nest. Additionally, increasing inotocin pharmacologically increases the tendency of ants to leave the nest. However, this effect is contingent on age and social context. Pharmacologically treated older ants have a higher propensity to leave the nest only in the presence of larvae, whereas younger ants seem to do so only in the presence of pupae. Our results suggest that inotocin signaling plays an important role in modulating behaviors that correlate with age, such as social foraging, possibly by modulating behavioral response thresholds to specific social cues. Inotocin signaling thereby likely contributes to behavioral individuality and division of labor in ant societies.
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Parallel encoding of sensory history and behavioral preference during Caenorhabditis elegans olfactory learning

    Christine E Cho / Chantal Brueggemann / Noelle D L'Etoile / Cornelia I Bargmann

    eLife, Vol

    2016  Volume 5

    Abstract: Sensory experience modifies behavior through both associative and non-associative learning. In Caenorhabditis elegans, pairing odor with food deprivation results in aversive olfactory learning, and pairing odor with food results in appetitive learning. ... ...

    Abstract Sensory experience modifies behavior through both associative and non-associative learning. In Caenorhabditis elegans, pairing odor with food deprivation results in aversive olfactory learning, and pairing odor with food results in appetitive learning. Aversive learning requires nuclear translocation of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase EGL-4 in AWC olfactory neurons and an insulin signal from AIA interneurons. Here we show that the activity of neurons including AIA is acutely required during aversive, but not appetitive, learning. The AIA circuit and AGE-1, an insulin-regulated PI3 kinase, signal to AWC to drive nuclear enrichment of EGL-4 during conditioning. Odor exposure shifts the AWC dynamic range to higher odor concentrations regardless of food pairing or the AIA circuit, whereas AWC coupling to motor circuits is oppositely regulated by aversive and appetitive learning. These results suggest that non-associative sensory adaptation in AWC encodes odor history, while associative behavioral preference is encoded by altered AWC synaptic activity.
    Keywords olfaction ; adaptation ; neural circuits ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Regulatory changes in two chemoreceptor genes contribute to a Caenorhabditis elegans QTL for foraging behavior

    Joshua S Greene / May Dobosiewicz / Rebecca A Butcher / Patrick T McGrath / Cornelia I Bargmann

    eLife, Vol

    2016  Volume 5

    Abstract: Natural isolates of C. elegans differ in their sensitivity to pheromones that inhibit exploratory behavior. Previous studies identified a QTL for pheromone sensitivity that includes alternative alleles of srx-43, a chemoreceptor that inhibits exploration ...

    Abstract Natural isolates of C. elegans differ in their sensitivity to pheromones that inhibit exploratory behavior. Previous studies identified a QTL for pheromone sensitivity that includes alternative alleles of srx-43, a chemoreceptor that inhibits exploration through its activity in ASI sensory neurons. Here we show that the QTL is multigenic and includes alternative alleles of srx-44, a second chemoreceptor gene that modifies pheromone sensitivity. srx-44 either promotes or inhibits exploration depending on its expression in the ASJ or ADL sensory neurons, respectively. Naturally occurring pheromone insensitivity results in part from previously described changes in srx-43 expression levels, and in part from increased srx-44 expression in ASJ, which antagonizes ASI and ADL. Antagonism between the sensory neurons results in cellular epistasis that is reflected in their transcription of insulin genes that regulate exploration. These results and genome-wide evidence suggest that chemoreceptor genes may be preferred sites of adaptive variation in C. elegans.
    Keywords pheromone receptor ; QTL analysis ; supergene ; insulin signaling ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 612
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: A Circuit for Gradient Climbing in C. elegans Chemotaxis

    Johannes Larsch / Steven W. Flavell / Qiang Liu / Andrew Gordus / Dirk R. Albrecht / Cornelia I. Bargmann

    Cell Reports, Vol 12, Iss 11, Pp 1748-

    2015  Volume 1760

    Abstract: Animals have a remarkable ability to track dynamic sensory information. For example, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans can locate a diacetyl odor source across a 100,000-fold concentration range. Here, we relate neuronal properties, circuit ... ...

    Abstract Animals have a remarkable ability to track dynamic sensory information. For example, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans can locate a diacetyl odor source across a 100,000-fold concentration range. Here, we relate neuronal properties, circuit implementation, and behavioral strategies underlying this robust navigation. Diacetyl responses in AWA olfactory neurons are concentration and history dependent; AWA integrates over time at low odor concentrations, but as concentrations rise, it desensitizes rapidly through a process requiring cilia transport. After desensitization, AWA retains sensitivity to small odor increases. The downstream AIA interneuron amplifies weak odor inputs and desensitizes further, resulting in a stereotyped response to odor increases over three orders of magnitude. The AWA-AIA circuit drives asymmetric behavioral responses to odor increases that facilitate gradient climbing. The adaptation-based circuit motif embodied by AWA and AIA shares computational properties with bacterial chemotaxis and the vertebrate retina, each providing a solution for maintaining sensitivity across a dynamic range.
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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