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  1. Article ; Online: Unraveling the Unsolved Mysteries of the Athletic Heart.

    Cornwell, William K / Levine, Benjamin D

    Circulation

    2024  Volume 149, Issue 18, Page(s) 1416–1418

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Athletes ; Sports/physiology ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/prevention & control ; Exercise/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80099-5
    ISSN 1524-4539 ; 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
    ISSN (online) 1524-4539
    ISSN 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
    DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.064534
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Ui IV Zs.60: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Impact of Exercise on Cerebrovascular Physiology and Risk of Stroke.

    Edward, Justin A / Cornwell, William K

    Stroke

    2022  Volume 53, Issue 7, Page(s) 2404–2410

    Abstract: Ischemic heart disease and stroke are the number 1 and number 2 causes of death worldwide, respectively. A lifelong commitment to exercise reduces the risk of these adverse events and is also associated with several cardiometabolic improvements, ... ...

    Abstract Ischemic heart disease and stroke are the number 1 and number 2 causes of death worldwide, respectively. A lifelong commitment to exercise reduces the risk of these adverse events and is also associated with several cardiometabolic improvements, including reductions in blood pressure, cholesterol, and inflammatory markers, as well as improved glucose control. Routine exercise also reduces the risk of developing comorbidities that increase the risk of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease. While the benefits of a lifelong commitment to exercise are well documented, there is a complex interaction between exercise and stroke risk, such that the risk of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke may increase acutely during or immediately following exercise. In this article, we discuss the physiological responses to different types of exercise, as well as the determinants of resting and exertional cerebrovascular perfusion, and explore the complex interaction between atrial fibrillation, exercise, and stroke risk. Finally, we highlight the increased risk of stroke during different types of exercise, as well as factors that may alleviate this risk.
    MeSH term(s) Atrial Fibrillation/complications ; Blood Pressure ; Exercise ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Stroke/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 80381-9
    ISSN 1524-4628 ; 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    ISSN (online) 1524-4628
    ISSN 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    DOI 10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.037343
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    Zs.A 448: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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  3. Article ; Online: Herbivores disrupt the flow of food resources to termites in dryland ecosystems.

    Wijas, Baptiste J / Cornwell, William K / Letnic, Mike

    Ecology

    2023  Volume 104, Issue 5, Page(s) e4035

    Abstract: Irruption of herbivore populations due to the extirpation of predators has led to dramatic changes in ecosystem functioning worldwide. Herbivores compete with other species for their primary source of nutrition, plant biomass. Such competition is ... ...

    Abstract Irruption of herbivore populations due to the extirpation of predators has led to dramatic changes in ecosystem functioning worldwide. Herbivores compete with other species for their primary source of nutrition, plant biomass. Such competition is typically considered to occur between species in closely related clades and functional groups but could also occur with detritivores that consume senescent plant biomass. In this study, we tested predictions that in ecosystems where herbivores are not regulated by predators, their indirect impacts on dead vegetation increase with primary productivity and extend to termites that feed on senescent vegetation. We compared dead vegetation cover and termite activity in herbivore exclosures and associated grazed plots at three locations situated along a rainfall gradient in arid Australia where kangaroo populations have irrupted. Dead vegetation cover and termite activity increased with rainfall in ungrazed plots but showed a negligible response to rainfall in grazed plots. Our results suggest that grazing can disrupt the flow of energy to detritivores and decouple the relationship between termite activity and primary productivity. Such disruption could have far-reaching impacts on arid ecosystems because many organisms sit within "brown food webs" that are sustained by energy derived from the decomposition of senescent plant tissues.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Ecosystem ; Isoptera ; Herbivory ; Food Chain ; Biomass ; Plants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2010140-5
    ISSN 1939-9170 ; 0012-9658
    ISSN (online) 1939-9170
    ISSN 0012-9658
    DOI 10.1002/ecy.4035
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Herbivores disrupt the flow of food resources to termites in dryland ecosystems

    Wijas, Baptiste J. / Cornwell, William K. / Letnic, Mike

    Ecology. 2023 May, v. 104, no. 5 p.e4035-

    2023  

    Abstract: Irruption of herbivore populations due to the extirpation of predators has led to dramatic changes in ecosystem functioning worldwide. Herbivores compete with other species for their primary source of nutrition, plant biomass. Such competition is ... ...

    Abstract Irruption of herbivore populations due to the extirpation of predators has led to dramatic changes in ecosystem functioning worldwide. Herbivores compete with other species for their primary source of nutrition, plant biomass. Such competition is typically considered to occur between species in closely related clades and functional groups but could also occur with detritivores that consume senescent plant biomass. In this study, we tested predictions that in ecosystems where herbivores are not regulated by predators, their indirect impacts on dead vegetation increase with primary productivity and extend to termites that feed on senescent vegetation. We compared dead vegetation cover and termite activity in herbivore exclosures and associated grazed plots at three locations situated along a rainfall gradient in arid Australia where kangaroo populations have irrupted. Dead vegetation cover and termite activity increased with rainfall in ungrazed plots but showed a negligible response to rainfall in grazed plots. Our results suggest that grazing can disrupt the flow of energy to detritivores and decouple the relationship between termite activity and primary productivity. Such disruption could have far‐reaching impacts on arid ecosystems because many organisms sit within “brown food webs” that are sustained by energy derived from the decomposition of senescent plant tissues.
    Keywords Isoptera ; arid lands ; detritivores ; ecosystems ; energy flow ; herbivores ; nutrition ; phytomass ; primary productivity ; rain ; vegetation cover ; Australia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-05
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1797-8
    ISSN 0012-9658
    ISSN 0012-9658
    DOI 10.1002/ecy.4035
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  5. Article ; Online: What's Old Is New Again.

    Cornwell, William K / Pal, Jay D

    The Annals of thoracic surgery

    2021  Volume 114, Issue 1, Page(s) 167

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Heart-Assist Devices ; Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping/instrumentation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-24
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 211007-6
    ISSN 1552-6259 ; 0003-4975
    ISSN (online) 1552-6259
    ISSN 0003-4975
    DOI 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.07.067
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 252: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  6. Article ; Online: Profound First-Degree Atrioventricular Block in a High-Level Basketball Athlete.

    Stumph, Justin D / Cornwell, William K / Rosenberg, Michael A / Khodaee, Morteza

    Sports health

    2023  , Page(s) 19417381231210297

    Abstract: First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block (PR interval >200 ms) is commonly observed among screening electrocardiogram (ECG) in athletes. Profound first-degree AV block (PR interval >400 ms) and Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) second-degree AV block are ... ...

    Abstract First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block (PR interval >200 ms) is commonly observed among screening electrocardiogram (ECG) in athletes. Profound first-degree AV block (PR interval >400 ms) and Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) second-degree AV block are generally uncommon and often require further workup on a case-by-case basis, particularly when there is concern for a structural cardiac abnormality. In this case, we present an example of an asymptomatic profound first-degree AV block with Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) second-degree AV block. Transthoracic echocardiogram and stress echocardiogram were unremarkable and the patient was cleared to participate in sports without any restriction. Physicians managing athletes should be aware of ECG features that require additional evaluation and cardiology consultation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2508802-6
    ISSN 1941-0921 ; 1941-7381
    ISSN (online) 1941-0921
    ISSN 1941-7381
    DOI 10.1177/19417381231210297
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    Zs.A 6996: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: An Exercise Prescription as a Novel Management Strategy for Treatment of Long COVID.

    Rudofker, Eric W / Parker, Hugh / Cornwell, William K

    JACC. Case reports

    2022  Volume 4, Issue 20, Page(s) 1344–1347

    Abstract: Mechanisms causing the post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (long COVID) remain elusive, but the clinical phenotype is consistent with cardiac deconditioning. We report a case series of patients with long COVID whose symptoms improved/resolved with exercise ...

    Abstract Mechanisms causing the post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (long COVID) remain elusive, but the clinical phenotype is consistent with cardiac deconditioning. We report a case series of patients with long COVID whose symptoms improved/resolved with exercise and present exercise training as a novel therapeutic strategy for management of long COVID syndrome. (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-21
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 2666-0849
    ISSN (online) 2666-0849
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaccas.2022.06.026
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  8. Article ; Online: Reply to Robinson et al.: Data integration will form the basis of future abundance estimates.

    Callaghan, Corey T / Nakagawa, Shinichi / Cornwell, William K

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2022  Volume 119, Issue 10, Page(s) e2117920119

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2117920119
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    Zs.A 1148: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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  9. Article: Continental‐scale shifts in termite diversity and nesting and feeding strategies

    Wijas, Baptiste J. / Lim, Shevaun / Cornwell, William K.

    Ecography. 2022 Jan., v. 2022, no. 1

    2022  

    Abstract: Typically, termites are treated as a single guild, which ignores important internal diversity, including diverse feeding and nesting traits. These termite traits are crucial for both ecosystem‐level fluxes and trophic webs, with implications for ... ...

    Abstract Typically, termites are treated as a single guild, which ignores important internal diversity, including diverse feeding and nesting traits. These termite traits are crucial for both ecosystem‐level fluxes and trophic webs, with implications for vertebrate species. Despite their ecological importance, the large‐scale distribution of termite feeding and nesting traits and the relationship with termite diversity is largely unknown. We investigated whether functional diversity, species richness and feeding (wood, litter, grass and dung) and nesting trait (aboveground mound, belowground nest, inside tree or outside tree nest) distributions of termites were climatically controlled. To address this gap, we assembled a continental‐scale database of termite traits and occurrence in Australia and modelled termite nesting and feeding traits in response to macroclimate. Functional richness and evenness increased primarily with temperature. Australia showed multiple hotspots of termite diversity with each hotspot showing a distinct guild composition. The large‐scale distribution of nesting traits showed that aboveground nesting species were the most common nesting guild in the dry and wet tropics, while belowground nesting dominated in seasonally cold arid environments, demonstrating a strong climatic control on nesting strategy. Given their large biomass and many interactions with other species, the macroecology of termite traits may be especially important in predicting shifts in other species' distributions at continental and global scales.
    Keywords Isoptera ; biomass ; cold ; databases ; feces ; functional diversity ; grasses ; nests ; species richness ; temperature ; trees ; vertebrates ; wood ; Australia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-01
    Publishing place Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1112659-0
    ISSN 0906-7590
    ISSN 0906-7590
    DOI 10.1111/ecog.05902
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    Z 7666: Show issues

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  10. Article ; Online: Recognition and completeness: two key metrics for judging the utility of citizen science data

    Mesaglio, Thomas / Callaghan, Corey T / Samonte, Fabrice / Gorta, Simon BZ / Cornwell, William K

    Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 2023 May, v. 21, no. 4 p.167-174

    2023  

    Abstract: Biodiversity citizen science data are being collected at unprecedented scales, and are key for informing conservation and research. Species‐level data typically provide the most valuable information, but recognition of specimens to species level from ... ...

    Abstract Biodiversity citizen science data are being collected at unprecedented scales, and are key for informing conservation and research. Species‐level data typically provide the most valuable information, but recognition of specimens to species level from photographs varies among taxa. We examined a large dataset of Australian photographic observations of terrestrial invertebrates uploaded to iNaturalist to quantify recognition to species across different taxa. We also quantified the proportion of Australian species that have been uploaded to iNaturalist. Across 1,013,171 observations covering 14,663 species (17.8% completeness), 617,045 (60.9%) were recognized to species. Dragonflies/damselflies and butterflies were the best‐recognized and most complete taxa, and therefore represent the best groups for researchers and managers intending to use existing iNaturalist data at large spatial and temporal scales. The recruitment of additional experts to identify records, and enhanced support for accessible resources for hard‐to‐identify taxa, will likely increase recognition for other taxa.
    Keywords Zygoptera ; biodiversity ; citizen science ; data collection ; environment
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-05
    Size p. 167-174.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2110853-5
    ISSN 1540-9309 ; 1540-9295
    ISSN (online) 1540-9309
    ISSN 1540-9295
    DOI 10.1002/fee.2604
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    Z 7542: Show issues

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