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Article ; Online: COVID-19 lockdown in Spain: Psychological impact is greatest on younger and vulnerable children.

Matalí-Costa, Josep / Camprodon-Rosanas, Ester

Clinical child psychology and psychiatry

2021 Volume 27, Issue 1, Page(s) 145–156

Abstract: In 2020, quarantine home confinement measures were implemented in Spain to control a pandemic for the first time. The objective of this study is to assess both the psychological and social impact of that 'lockdown' on different age groups of children and ...

Abstract	In 2020, quarantine home confinement measures were implemented in Spain to control a pandemic for the first time. The objective of this study is to assess both the psychological and social impact of that 'lockdown' on different age groups of children and adolescents and also the different strategies adopted by families in that situation. We collected data via an online questionnaire answered by 850 participants, parents of young people aged between 4 and 18, between 24th April and 8th May 2020. Our results show that living in a home smaller than 80 m
MeSH term(s)	Adaptation, Psychological ; Adolescent ; COVID-19 ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Communicable Disease Control ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spain/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1324235-0
ISSN	1461-7021 ; 1359-1045
ISSN (online)	1461-7021
ISSN	1359-1045
DOI	10.1177/13591045211055066
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Article ; Online: Micromechanical Model for Predicting the Tensile Properties of

Fajardo, Jorge I / Costa, Josep / Cruz, Luis J / Paltán, César A / Santos, Jonnathan D

Polymers

2022 Volume 14, Issue 13

Abstract: In this paper, the one-dimensional tensile behavior ... ...

Abstract	In this paper, the one-dimensional tensile behavior of
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527146-5
ISSN	2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
ISSN (online)	2073-4360
ISSN	2073-4360
DOI	10.3390/polym14132627
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Article: Size effects in hybrid unidirectional polymer composites under longitudinal tension: A micromechanical investigation

Guerrero, Jose M / Mayugo, Joan A / Costa, Josep / Turon, Albert

Composites. 2021 Jan., v. 140

2021

Abstract: While fibre hybrid composites result in hybrid effects and improved ductility compared to non-hybrid laminates, it is unclear how material size influences hybrid properties (i.e. the so-called ‘size effect’). This paper addresses this phenomenon in a ... ...

Abstract	While fibre hybrid composites result in hybrid effects and improved ductility compared to non-hybrid laminates, it is unclear how material size influences hybrid properties (i.e. the so-called ‘size effect’). This paper addresses this phenomenon in a carbon–carbon hybrid composite by means of micromechanical modelling using a progressive failure model. Results demonstrate that increasing either the length or the cross-section of the virtual Representative Volume Element (RVE) causes an earlier failure, slightly decreases ductility and significantly improves the hybrid effect. In addition, increasing the RVE volume results in a higher maximum cluster size, while the presence of ductility does not alter the magnitude of the size effects. Further, the presence of a larger hybrid effect does not necessarily translate into greater ductility.
Keywords	hybrids ; models ; polymers
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-01
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2012223-8
ISSN	1359-835X
ISSN	1359-835X
DOI	10.1016/j.compositesa.2020.106186
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Severe hepatitis B reactivation during direct-acting antiviral treatment in "the absence" of hepatitis B surface antigen.

Sastre, Lydia / Ruiz, Pablo / Costa, Josep / Forns, Xavier

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

2018 Volume 79, Page(s) 47–49

Abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAA) can be associated with reactivation of hepatitis B (HBV). We report a case of a kidney transplant recipient who had a fatal severe HBV reactivation during treatment for chronic ... ...

Abstract	Hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAA) can be associated with reactivation of hepatitis B (HBV). We report a case of a kidney transplant recipient who had a fatal severe HBV reactivation during treatment for chronic hepatitis C with DAA. Diagnosis of HBV reactivation was delayed due to undetectable surface antigen (HBsAg) by standard assays. The latter was explained by the presence of HBsAg escape mutants. The case illustrates the relevance of HBV-DNA testing in transplant recipients with previous exposure to HBV, even in the absence of HBsAg, and particularly when liver test abnormalities are present.
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Coinfection ; Fatal Outcome ; Hepatitis B/complications ; Hepatitis B/virology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis ; Hepatitis B virus/physiology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Transplant Recipients ; Virus Activation
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-26
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1331197-9
ISSN	1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
ISSN (online)	1878-3511
ISSN	1201-9712
DOI	10.1016/j.ijid.2018.11.014
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Article ; Online: Etiological analysis of discarded measles in the context of a measles outbreak among a highly immunized population.

Torner, Nuria / Mercader, Sara / Dominguez, Angela / Martinez, Ana / Costa, Josep / Sowers, Sun B / Abernathy, Emily S / Bellini, William J / Hickman, Carol J

Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society

2022 Volume 65, Issue 1, Page(s) e15430

Abstract: Background: Measles can lead to serious complications and remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this study we aimed to assess the etiological diagnosis of discarded measles cases in the context of an outbreak among a highly ...

Abstract	Background: Measles can lead to serious complications and remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this study we aimed to assess the etiological diagnosis of discarded measles cases in the context of an outbreak among a highly immunized population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of discarded measles cases from an outbreak that occurred from October 2006 to July 2007 in Catalonia. A confirmed case was defined as having a positive measles serum IgM result and/or a positive result by RT-PCR in urine and/or nasopharyngeal swab; or an epidemiological link to a confirmed case. Serum specimens were tested by a commercially available indirect-format and by an in-house capture-format measles IgM enzyme immunoassays. Results: Testing of 89 samples discarded for measles determined the etiologies for 10 (11.2%), including one rubella, three human herpes virus 6, and six measles infections. Of 381 confirmed cases in the outbreak, 10% had received at least one dose of the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine versus 54% of the discarded for measles (OR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.14; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Highly sensitive surveillance systems are critical to identifying cases, responding to outbreaks and verifying progress towards measles elimination. Molecular tools for measles detection and differential diagnosis, and collection of appropriate specimens for molecular and serological testing are essential to correctly diagnose suspected measles infection.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Measles/diagnosis ; Measles/epidemiology ; Measles/prevention & control ; Rubella/epidemiology ; Measles virus/genetics ; Disease Outbreaks ; Immunoglobulin M ; Antibodies, Viral
Chemical Substances	Immunoglobulin M ; Antibodies, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-28
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1470376-2
ISSN	1442-200X ; 1328-8067
ISSN (online)	1442-200X
ISSN	1328-8067
DOI	10.1111/ped.15430
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Article: Reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) a tiempo real.

Costa, Josep

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

2004 Volume 22, Issue 5, Page(s) 299–304; quiz 305

Abstract: PCR based assays are currently used routinely in most microbiology laboratories. But, with few exceptions, they are restricted to the field of virology, especially to a limited number of viral targets with important economical interest for which ... ...

Title translation	Real-time PCR.
Abstract	PCR based assays are currently used routinely in most microbiology laboratories. But, with few exceptions, they are restricted to the field of virology, especially to a limited number of viral targets with important economical interest for which commercially well standardized assays are available. For several reasons, it has had a poor implementation of the PCR assays into routine diagnostics for other infectious diseases despite they are advantageous. Combined with automated sample isolation of nucleic acids, real-time PCR gives an ideal platform for the development of molecular assays for a wide range of infectious agents with clinical interest. Because of its advantages, as simplicity, rapidity and minor risk of contamination, real-time PCR will go replace conventional PCR assays and its use will extend to a wide range of applications in clinical microbiology.
MeSH term(s)	Bacterial Typing Techniques/methods ; Computer Systems ; DNA Probes ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Humans ; Infection/diagnosis ; Infection/microbiology ; Infection/virology ; Mycological Typing Techniques ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Virology/methods
Chemical Substances	DNA Probes ; Fluorescent Dyes
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2004-07-01
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1070941-1
ISSN	1578-1852 ; 0213-005X
ISSN (online)	1578-1852
ISSN	0213-005X
DOI	10.1016/s0213-005x(04)73092-x
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Article ; Online: Mumps: MMR vaccination and genetic diversity of mumps virus, 2007-2011 in Catalonia, Spain.

Barrabeig, Irene / Antón, Andrés / Torner, Núria / Pumarola, Tomàs / Costa, Josep / Domínguez, Àngela

BMC infectious diseases

2019 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 954

Abstract: Background: Mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease but outbreaks have been reported in persons vaccinated with two doses of MMR vaccine. The objective was to describe the demographic features, vaccination effectiveness and genetic mumps virus diversity ... ...

Abstract	Background: Mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease but outbreaks have been reported in persons vaccinated with two doses of MMR vaccine. The objective was to describe the demographic features, vaccination effectiveness and genetic mumps virus diversity among laboratory-confirmed cases between 2007 and 2011 in Catalonia. Methods: Cases and outbreaks of mumps notified to the notifiable diseases system of Catalonia between 2007 and 2011 retrospectively registered were included. Public health care centres provided written immunization records to regional public health staff to determine the vaccination history. Saliva and serum specimens were collected from suspected cases for laboratory-confirmation using real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR (rtRT-PCR) or serological testing. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete SH gene (316 nucleotides) and complete coding HN protein (1749 nucleotides) sequences was made. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square or Fisher's tests and continuous variables using the Student test. Vaccination effectiveness by number of MMR doses was estimated using the screening method. Results: During the study period, 581 confirmed cases of mumps were notified (incidence rate 1.6 cases/100,000 persons-year), of which 60% were male. Three hundred sixty-four laboratory-confirmed cases were reported, of which 44% were confirmed by rtRT-PCR. Of the 289 laboratory-confirmed cases belonging to vaccination cohorts, 33.5% (97) had received one dose of MMR vaccine and 50% (145) two doses. Based on phylogenetic analyses of 316-nucleotide and 174-nucleotide SH sequences, the viruses belonging to viral genotypes were: genotype G (126), genotype D (23), genotype H (2), genotype F (2), genotype J (1), while one remained uncharacterized. Amino acid differences were detected between circulating strains and the Jeryl Lynn vaccine strains, although the majority of amino acid substitutions were genotype-specific. Fifty-one outbreaks were notified that included 324 confirmed mumps cases. Genotype G was the most frequent genotype detected. The family (35%), secondary schools (25%) and community outbreaks (18%) were the most frequent settings. Conclusions: Our study shows that genotype G viruses are the most prevalent in Catalonia. Most cases occurred in people who had received two doses of MMR, suggesting inadequate effectiveness of the Jeryl Lynn vaccine strain. The possible factors related are discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine/immunology ; Mumps/epidemiology ; Mumps/immunology ; Mumps/virology ; Mumps virus/classification ; Mumps virus/genetics ; Mumps virus/isolation & purification ; Phylogeny ; Retrospective Studies ; Saliva/virology ; Spain/epidemiology ; Vaccination/statistics & numerical data ; Viral Proteins/classification ; Viral Proteins/genetics ; Viral Proteins/metabolism ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine ; Viral Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1471-2334
ISSN (online)	1471-2334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-019-4496-z
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Article: Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection, Genotypes and Subtypes in Migrants from Pakistan in Barcelona, Spain.

Dopico, Eva / Rodriguez-Frias, Francisco / Ubillos, Itziar / Rando-Segura, Ariadna / Garcia-Cehic, Damir / Gregori, Josep / Rando-Matos, Yolanda / Solsona, Luis / Niubó, Jordi / Esteban, Juan Ignacio / Costa, Josep / Martínez, Miguel J / Quer, Josep

Infection and drug resistance

2022 Volume 15, Page(s) 4637–4644

Abstract: Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver infection with 71 million people infected worldwide. Pakistan has the second highest prevalence of HCV infection and more than half (52%) of Pakistani living in Spain reside in ... ...

Abstract	Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver infection with 71 million people infected worldwide. Pakistan has the second highest prevalence of HCV infection and more than half (52%) of Pakistani living in Spain reside in Barcelona. The aim of this study was to analyse the seroprevalence and viraemic rate and determine the genotypes and subtypes of HCV among Pakistanis living in the southern metropolitan area of Barcelona. Methods: We included all Pakistani patients seeking primary healthcare in the southern metropolitan area of Barcelona from August 2011 to July 2014. Serum samples were screened for HCV antibodies. HCV viral load was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and genotypes and subtypes were performed using Versant HCV Genotype and/or deep-sequencing. Screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) was also carried out. Results: Among 5877 Pakistani patients, 565 (9.61%) were screened for anti-HCV antibodies, with 68 (12.04%) being positive. The viral load was determined in 65, with 31 presenting active infection and the viraemic rate was 47.69% (95% confidence interval 36.02-59.62). HCV genotyping and subtyping were performed in 24 individuals. Most infections corresponded to HCV genotype 3 (91.67%), and high resolution HCV subtyping was performed in 18 samples, 16 of which presented subtype 3a. One subject presented HBV coinfection with undetectable HBV DNA. During the study period, we identified a possible case of HCV vertical transmission followed by spontaneous viraemia clearance in a chronically infected mother with a C/T IL28B genetic polymorphism. Conclusion: These results suggest that general HCV screening protocols in patients from high prevalence countries, such as Pakistan, would be helpful to identify and treat active HCV infections. This could avoid further transmission and contribute to building targeted health policies for micro-elimination of HCV infection in specific communities.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-18
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2494856-1
ISSN	1178-6973
ISSN	1178-6973
DOI	10.2147/IDR.S367715
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Article ; Online: Study into the Mechanical Properties of a New Aeronautic-Grade Epoxy-Based Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Vitrimer.

Builes Cárdenas, Cristian / Gayraud, Vincent / Rodriguez, Maria Eugenia / Costa, Josep / Salaberria, Asier M / Ruiz de Luzuriaga, Alaitz / Markaide, Nerea / Dasan Keeryadath, Priya / Calderón Zapatería, Diego

Polymers

2022 Volume 14, Issue 6

Abstract: The current drive for sustainability demands recyclable matrices for composite materials. Vitrimers combine thermoset properties with reprocessability, but their mechanical performance in highly loaded applications, for instance, composites for ... ...

Abstract	The current drive for sustainability demands recyclable matrices for composite materials. Vitrimers combine thermoset properties with reprocessability, but their mechanical performance in highly loaded applications, for instance, composites for aeronautics, is still to be demonstrated. This work presents the complete mechanical characterization of a new vitrimer reinforced with carbon fiber. This vitrimer formulation consists of functional epoxy groups and a new dynamic disulfide crosslinks-based hardener. The testing campaign for the vitrimer composites encompassed tension, compression, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), in-plane shear (IPS), open-hole tension (OHT) and compression (OHC), filled-hole compression (FHC) and interlaminar fracture toughness tests under mode I and II. Test conditions included room temperature and high temperature of 70 °C and 120 °C, respectively, after moisture saturation. Tension and flexural tests also were applied on the neat vitrimer resin. The results compared well with those obtained for current aeronautic materials manufactured by Resin Transfer Molding (RTM). The lower values observed in compression and ILSS derived from the thermoplastic veils included as a toughening material. This work demonstrates that the vitrimer formulation presented meets the requirements of current matrices for aeronautic-grade carbon-reinforced composites.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527146-5
ISSN	2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
ISSN (online)	2073-4360
ISSN	2073-4360
DOI	10.3390/polym14061223
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Article: The challenge of chronic hepatitis E in liver transplant recipients: Failure of sofosbuvir plus ribavirin therapy.

Sastre, Lydia / García-López, Mireia / Pérez-Del-Pulgar, Sofía / Lens, Sabela / Costa, Josep / Navasa, Miquel / Forns, Xavier

Gastroenterologia y hepatologia

2020 Volume 43, Issue 3, Page(s) 136–137

MeSH term(s)	Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Burkitt Lymphoma/complications ; Burkitt Lymphoma/drug therapy ; Common Variable Immunodeficiency/complications ; Common Variable Immunodeficiency/therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Fatal Outcome ; Focal Nodular Hyperplasia/complications ; Focal Nodular Hyperplasia/surgery ; Hepatitis E/complications ; Hepatitis E/drug therapy ; Hepatitis E virus/drug effects ; Hepatitis E virus/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use ; Kidney Transplantation ; Liver Cirrhosis/etiology ; Liver Cirrhosis/surgery ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications/drug therapy ; RNA, Viral/blood ; Recurrence ; Ribavirin/therapeutic use ; Sofosbuvir/pharmacology ; Sofosbuvir/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; RNA, Viral ; Ribavirin (49717AWG6K) ; Sofosbuvir (WJ6CA3ZU8B)
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2020-01-03
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	632502-6
ISSN	0210-5705
ISSN	0210-5705
DOI	10.1016/j.gastrohep.2019.04.007
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