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  1. Article ; Online: Immunopathogenic overlap between COVID-19 and tuberculosis identified from transcriptomic meta-analysis and human macrophage infection.

    Sheerin, Dylan / Abhimanyu / Peton, Nashied / Vo, William / Allison, Cody Charles / Wang, Xutao / Johnson, W Evan / Coussens, Anna Kathleen

    iScience

    2022  Volume 25, Issue 6, Page(s) 104464

    Abstract: Current and previous tuberculosis (TB) increase the risk of COVID-19 mortality and severe disease. To identify mechanisms of immunopathogenic interaction between COVID-19 and TB, we performed a systematic review and patient-level meta-analysis of COVID- ... ...

    Abstract Current and previous tuberculosis (TB) increase the risk of COVID-19 mortality and severe disease. To identify mechanisms of immunopathogenic interaction between COVID-19 and TB, we performed a systematic review and patient-level meta-analysis of COVID-19 transcriptomic signatures, spanning disease severity, from whole blood, PBMCs, and BALF. 35 eligible signatures were profiled on 1181 RNA-seq samples from 853 individuals across the spectrum of TB infection. Thirteen COVID-19 gene-signatures had significantly higher "COVID-19 risk scores" in active TB and latent TB progressors compared with non-progressors and uninfected controls (p<0·005), in three independent cohorts. Integrative single-cell-RNAseq analysis identified
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-0042
    ISSN (online) 2589-0042
    DOI 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104464
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Communicable and non-communicable co-morbidities and the presentation of COVID-19 in an African setting of high HIV-1 and tuberculosis prevalence

    du Bruyn, Elsa / Stek, Cari / Daroowala, Remy / Said-Hartley, Qonita / Hsiao, Marvin / Goliath, Rene Tina / Abrahams, Fatima / Jackson, Amanda / Wasserman, Sean / Allwood, Brian / Davis, Angharad G / Lai, Rachel / Coussens, Anna Kathleen / Wilkinson, Katalin Andrea / De Vries, Jantina / Tiffin, Nicki / Cerrone, Maddalena / Ntusi, Ntobeko / Riou, Catherine /
    Wilkinson, Robert J / HIATUS investigators

    medRxiv

    Abstract: Objectives To describe the presentation and outcome of SARS–CoV2 infection in an African setting of high non–communicable co–morbidity and also HIV–1 and tuberculosis prevalence. Design Case control analysis with cases stratified by HIV–1 and ... ...

    Abstract Objectives To describe the presentation and outcome of SARS–CoV2 infection in an African setting of high non–communicable co–morbidity and also HIV–1 and tuberculosis prevalence. Design Case control analysis with cases stratified by HIV–1 and tuberculosis status. Setting A single–centre observational case–control study of adults admitted to a South African hospital with proven SARS–CoV–2 infection or alternative diagnosis. Participants 104 adults with RT–PCR–proven SARS–CoV2 infection of which 55 (52.9%) were male and 31 (29.8%) HIV–1 co–infected. 40 adults (35.7% male, 30.9% HIV–1 co–infected) admitted during the same period with no RT–PCR or serological evidence of SARS–CoV2 infection and assigned alternative diagnoses. Additional in vitro data from prior studies of 72 healthy controls and 118 HIV–1 uninfected and infected persons participants enrolled to a prior study with either immune evidence of tuberculosis sensitization but no symptoms or microbiologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis. Results Two or more co–morbidities were present in 57.7% of 104 RT–PCR proven COVID–19 presentations, the commonest being hypertension (48%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (39%), obesity (31%) but also HIV–1 (30%) and active tuberculosis (14%). Amongst patients dually infected by tuberculosis and SARS–CoV–2, clinical features could be dominated by either SARS–CoV–2 or tuberculosis: lymphopenia was exacerbated, and some markers of inflammation (D–dimer and ferritin) elevated in singly SARS–CoV–2 infected patients were even further elevated (p less than 0.05). HIV–1 and SARS–CoV2 co–infection resulted in lower absolute number and proportion of CD4 lymphocytes, with those in the lowest peripheral CD4 percentage strata exhibiting absent or lower antibody responses against SARS–CoV2. Death occurred in 30/104 (29%) of all COVID–19 patients and in 6/15 (40%) of patients with coincident SARS–CoV–2 and tuberculosis. Conclusions In this South African setting, HIV–1 and tuberculosis are common co–morbidities in patients presenting with COVID–19. In environments in which tuberculosis is common, SARS–CoV–2 and tuberculosis may co–exist with clinical presentation being typical of either disease. Clinical suspicion of exacerbation of co–existent tuberculosis accompanying SARS–CoV–2 should be high.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-11
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2021.05.11.21256479
    Database COVID19

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