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Article ; Online: “Block and replace” della terapia con levotiroxina sodica.

Cozzolino, Alessia

2022 Volume 113, Issue 6, Page(s) 11e–14e

Abstract: We present the case of a 65 years old patient with Graves disease associated with hyperthyroidism and a medical history of bipolar disorder treated with lithium. Hyperthyroidism was initially treated with high-dose methimazole monotherapy and later the ... ...

Title translation	"Block and replace" of sodium levothyroxine therapy.
Abstract	We present the case of a 65 years old patient with Graves disease associated with hyperthyroidism and a medical history of bipolar disorder treated with lithium. Hyperthyroidism was initially treated with high-dose methimazole monotherapy and later the patient developed overt hypothyroidism (clinical and biochemical), but without remission of the underlying autoimmune disease. A "block and replace" therapeutic regimen was then started with reduced methimazole doses in combination with levothyroxine, which resulted in a short time in normalization of the hormonal profile and significant improvement of the clinical picture. Therefore, the "block and replace" regimen represents a valid therapeutic alternative to anti-thyroid drugs monotherapy in the treatment of hyperthyroidism due to Graves disease in selected cases.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Antithyroid Agents/therapeutic use ; Graves Disease/complications ; Graves Disease/drug therapy ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Methimazole/therapeutic use ; Sodium/therapeutic use ; Thyroxine
Chemical Substances	Antithyroid Agents ; Methimazole (554Z48XN5E) ; Sodium (9NEZ333N27) ; Thyroxine (Q51BO43MG4)
Language	Italian
Publishing date	2022-06-25
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	138266-4
ISSN	2038-1840 ; 0034-1193
ISSN (online)	2038-1840
ISSN	0034-1193
DOI	10.1701/3827.38158
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Article ; Online: COVID-19 pandemic and adrenals: deep insights and implications in patients with glucocorticoid disorders.

Cozzolino, Alessia / Hasenmajer, Valeria / Newell-Price, John / Isidori, Andrea M

Endocrine

2023 Volume 82, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–14

Abstract: Purpose: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has spread throughout the world. It was initially defined as a potentially severe syndrome affecting the respiratory tract, but it has since been shown to be a systemic disease with relevant extrapulmonary ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has spread throughout the world. It was initially defined as a potentially severe syndrome affecting the respiratory tract, but it has since been shown to be a systemic disease with relevant extrapulmonary manifestations that increase mortality. The endocrine system has been found to be vulnerable to COVID-19 infection. The current review aims to evaluate the available data on the impact of COVID-19 infection and treatment, as well as COVID-19 vaccines, on adrenal gland function, particularly in patients with GC disorders. Methods: A thorough search of published peer-reviewed studies in PubMed was performed using proper keywords. Results: Adrenal viral tropism and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication in the adrenal glands have been demonstrated, and adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a rare, but potentially severe complication in COVID-19 disease, whose recognition can be difficult if only for the empirical treatments administered in the early stages. Glucocorticoid (GC) treatment have had a pivotal role in preventing clinical deterioration in patients with COVID-19, but long-term GC use may increase COVID-19-related mortality and the development of iatrogenic AI. Patients with GC disorders, especially AI and Cushing's syndrome, have been identified as being at high risk of COVID-19 infection and complications. Published evidence suggests that AI patient awareness and proper education may help adjust GC replacement therapy appropriately when necessary, thereby reducing COVID-19 severity. The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on AI management, particularly in terms of adherence to patients' care plans and self-perceived challenges. On the other hand, published evidence suggests that the clinical course of COVID-19 may be affected by the severity of hypercortisolism in patients with CS. Therefore, to ameliorate the risk profile in these patients, cortisol levels should be adequately controlled, along with careful monitoring of metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities. To date, the COVID-19 vaccine remains the only available tool to face SARS-CoV-2, and it should not be treated differently in patients with AI and CS. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 infection has been linked to adrenal damage and AI is a rare complication in COVID-19 disease, requiring prompt recognition. Educational efforts and patient awareness may reduce COVID-19 severity in patients with AI. Control of cortisol levels and monitoring of complications may improve the clinical course of COVID-19 in patients with CS.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Glucocorticoids/adverse effects ; COVID-19/complications ; Hydrocortisone/therapeutic use ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Adrenal Insufficiency/epidemiology ; Adrenal Insufficiency/etiology ; Cushing Syndrome/drug therapy ; Adrenal Glands ; Disease Progression
Chemical Substances	Glucocorticoids ; Hydrocortisone (WI4X0X7BPJ) ; COVID-19 Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1194484-5
ISSN	1559-0100 ; 1355-008X ; 0969-711X
ISSN (online)	1559-0100
ISSN	1355-008X ; 0969-711X
DOI	10.1007/s12020-023-03411-w
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Article: The Role of Lichens, Mosses, and Vascular Plants in the Biodeterioration of Historic Buildings: A Review.

Cozzolino, Alessia / Adamo, Paola / Bonanomi, Giuliano / Motti, Riccardo

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 11, Issue 24

Abstract: Biodeterioration is defined as the alteration of a given substrate due to a combination of physical and chemical factors produced by living organisms when attached to such materials. This phenomenon attracts scientific research attention due to its risk ... ...

Abstract	Biodeterioration is defined as the alteration of a given substrate due to a combination of physical and chemical factors produced by living organisms when attached to such materials. This phenomenon attracts scientific research attention due to its risk in causing destruction to outdoor cultural rock heritage sites. In this review, an update on the state-of-art regarding the biodeterioration phenomenon is represented in order to highlight the type of colonizing vegetation and possible mechanisms behind the corresponding deterioration. For this reason, 62 articles with a focus on lichens, mosses, and higher plants were investigated by evaluating the role of construction materials and different plant species related to the hazard index. The results showed that trees and shrubs are the most harmful plant life forms, for example,
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2704341-1
ISSN	2223-7747
ISSN	2223-7747
DOI	10.3390/plants11243429
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Article: Potential of Biochar as a Peat Substitute in Growth Media for

Iacomino, Giuseppina / Cozzolino, Alessia / Idbella, Mohamed / Amoroso, Giandomenico / Bertoli, Tomaso / Bonanomi, Giuliano / Motti, Riccardo

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 12, Issue 21

Abstract: Peat has long been the primary substrate for the production of ornamental and horticultural plants in pots. Today, peat is no longer considered a renewable resource due to its very lengthy regeneration time. Biochar, a solid by-product of biomass ... ...

Abstract	Peat has long been the primary substrate for the production of ornamental and horticultural plants in pots. Today, peat is no longer considered a renewable resource due to its very lengthy regeneration time. Biochar, a solid by-product of biomass pyrolysis, has been proposed as an agricultural soil amendment. We investigated the effects of two types of biochar, namely biochar from pruning wood waste and biochar activated with wood vinegar ("smoked biochar"), on two ornamental plants (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704341-1
ISSN	2223-7747
ISSN	2223-7747
DOI	10.3390/plants12213689
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Article: Edible Flowers Used in Some Countries of the Mediterranean Basin: An Ethnobotanical Overview.

Motti, Riccardo / Paura, Bruno / Cozzolino, Alessia / Falco, Bruna de

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 11, Issue 23

Abstract: Edible flowers are becoming an essential component of people's nutrition in the Mediterranean basin. In the last decades, many researchers also have focused their attention on the nutritional composition of the edible flowers, as well as their ... ...

Abstract	Edible flowers are becoming an essential component of people's nutrition in the Mediterranean basin. In the last decades, many researchers also have focused their attention on the nutritional composition of the edible flowers, as well as their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, including studies on their safety issues. Despite the growing interest in the use of flowers in human nutrition, the ethnobotanical literature is lacking coverage of some important issues, particularly those which concern the use of flowers in the folk tradition. Only recently, a review regarding the contribution of 32 edible flowers to the Mediterranean diet was published. The aim of the present review is to document the plant lore regarding the wild and cultivated edible flowers consumed in the Mediterranean basin. Based on the 112 studies reviewed, we documented 251 taxa as being used in the Mediterranean basin as edible flowers. The plant species belong to 45 families and 141 genera. Asteraceae (54 taxa) is the most frequently cited family.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2704341-1
ISSN	2223-7747
ISSN	2223-7747
DOI	10.3390/plants11233272
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Article ; Online: Dyslipidemia, lipid-lowering agents and neuroendocrine neoplasms: new horizons.

Modica, Roberta / La Salvia, Anna / Liccardi, Alessia / Cozzolino, Alessia / Di Sarno, Antonella / Russo, Flaminia / Colao, Annamaria / Faggiano, Antongiulio

Endocrine

2024

Abstract: Purpose: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies originating from cells with a neuroendocrine phenotype. The complex relationship between lipid metabolism and cancer is gaining interest and a potential anti-cancer ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies originating from cells with a neuroendocrine phenotype. The complex relationship between lipid metabolism and cancer is gaining interest and a potential anti-cancer effect of lipid lowering agents is being considered. This review aims to discuss the current understanding and treatment of dyslipidaemia in NENs, focusing on the role of lipid lowering agents, including new therapeutic approaches, and future perspectives as possible tool in cancer prevention and tumor-growth control. Methods: We performed an electronic-based search using PubMed updated until December 2023, summarizing the available evidence both in basic and clinical research about lipid lowering agents in NENs. Results: Dyslipidemia is an important aspect to be considered in NENs management, although randomized studies specifically addressing this topic are lacking, unlike other cancer types. Available data mainly regard statins, and in vitro studies have demonstrated direct antitumor effects, including antiproliferative effects in some cancers, supporting possible pleiotropic effects also in NENs, but data remain conflicting. Ezetimibe, omega 3-fatty acids, fibrates and inhibitors of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) may enhance the regulation of lipid homeostasis, as demonstrated in other cancers. Conclusions: Targeting dyslipidemia in NENs should be part of the multidisciplinary management and an integrated approach may be the best option for both metabolic and tumor control. Whether lipid lowering agents may directly contribute to tumor control remains to be confirmed with specific studies, focusing on association with other metabolic risk, disease stage and primary site.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1194484-5
ISSN	1559-0100 ; 1355-008X ; 0969-711X
ISSN (online)	1559-0100
ISSN	1355-008X ; 0969-711X
DOI	10.1007/s12020-024-03767-7
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Article ; Online: A practical nutritional guideline to manage neuroendocrine neoplasms through chronotype and sleep

Muscogiuri, Giovanna / Zanata, Isabella / Barrea, Luigi / Cozzolino, Alessia / Filice, Emanuele / Messina, Erika / Colao, Annamaria / Faggiano, Antongiulio

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 2023 Oct. 3, v. 63, no. 25 p.7546-7563

2023

Abstract: Chronotype is the attitude of subjects to carry out their daily activities mainly in the morning (“lark”) or in the evening (“owl”). The intermediate chronotype is located between these two categories. It has been demonstrated that chronotype can ... ...

Abstract	Chronotype is the attitude of subjects to carry out their daily activities mainly in the morning (“lark”) or in the evening (“owl”). The intermediate chronotype is located between these two categories. It has been demonstrated that chronotype can influence the incidence, course and response to treatments of tumors. In particular patients diagnosed with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) and evening chronotype are characterized by unhealthy lifestyle, obesity, metabolic syndrome, a worsen cardiometabolic profile, a poor prognosis with a progressive disease and the development of metastasis. In addition, evening chronotype has been associated with sleep disturbances, which in turn have been related to tumor development and progression of tumors. There is a strict connection between sleep disturbances and NENs because of the hyperactivation of proangiogenic factors that caused aberrant neoangiogenesis. A nutritional tailored approach could represent a tool to align subjects with evening chronotype to physiological biological rhythms based on the properties of some macro and micronutrients of being substrate for melatonin synthesis. Thus, we aimed to provide an overview on the association of chronotype categories and sleep disturbances with NENs and to provide nutritional advices to manage subjects with NENs and these disturbances of circadian rhythm.
Keywords	angiogenesis ; circadian rhythm ; food science ; guidelines ; lifestyle ; melatonin ; metabolic syndrome ; metastasis ; neoplasms ; nutrition ; obesity ; prognosis ; sleep ; Neuroendocrine neoplasms ; chronotype
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-1003
Size	p. 7546-7563.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1037504-1
ISSN	1549-7852 ; 1040-8398
ISSN (online)	1549-7852
ISSN	1040-8398
DOI	10.1080/10408398.2022.2047882
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Machine learning-based algorithms applied to drug prescriptions and other healthcare services in the Sicilian claims database to identify acromegaly as a model for the earlier diagnosis of rare diseases.

Crisafulli, Salvatore / Fontana, Andrea / L'Abbate, Luca / Vitturi, Giacomo / Cozzolino, Alessia / Gianfrilli, Daniele / De Martino, Maria Cristina / Amico, Beatrice / Combi, Carlo / Trifirò, Gianluca

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 6186

Abstract: Acromegaly is a rare disease characterized by a diagnostic delay ranging from 5 to 10 years from the symptoms' onset. The aim of this study was to develop and internally validate machine-learning algorithms to identify a combination of variables for the ... ...

Abstract	Acromegaly is a rare disease characterized by a diagnostic delay ranging from 5 to 10 years from the symptoms' onset. The aim of this study was to develop and internally validate machine-learning algorithms to identify a combination of variables for the early diagnosis of acromegaly. This retrospective population-based study was conducted between 2011 and 2018 using data from the claims databases of Sicily Region, in Southern Italy. To identify combinations of potential predictors of acromegaly diagnosis, conditional and unconditional penalized multivariable logistic regression models and three machine learning algorithms (i.e., the Recursive Partitioning and Regression Tree, the Random Forest and the Support Vector Machine) were used, and their performance was evaluated. The random forest (RF) algorithm achieved the highest Area under the ROC Curve value of 0.83 (95% CI 0.79-0.87). The sensitivity in the test set, computed at the optimal threshold of predicted probabilities, ranged from 28% for the unconditional logistic regression model to 69% for the RF. Overall, the only diagnosis predictor selected by all five models and algorithms was the number of immunosuppressants-related pharmacy claims. The other predictors selected by at least two models were eventually combined in an unconditional logistic regression to develop a meta-score that achieved an acceptable discrimination accuracy (AUC = 0.71, 95% CI 0.66-0.75). Findings of this study showed that data-driven machine learning algorithms may play a role in supporting the early diagnosis of rare diseases such as acromegaly.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Rare Diseases ; Retrospective Studies ; Acromegaly/diagnosis ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Algorithms ; Machine Learning ; Drug Prescriptions ; Early Diagnosis ; Sicily/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-56240-w
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Article: Climatic and anthropogenic factors affect Ailanthus altissima invasion in a Mediterranean region

Motti, Riccardo / Zotti, Maurizio / Bonanomi, Giuliano / Cozzolino, Alessia / Stinca, Adriano / Migliozzi, Antonello

Plant ecology. 2021 Dec., v. 222, no. 12

2021

Abstract: Ailanthus altissima is an aggressive invasive tree worldwide, but the ecological factors that lead to the spread of this species in Mediterranean ecosystems are still unclear. Here we aim to identify such factors, focusing on the interaction of human ... ...

Abstract	Ailanthus altissima is an aggressive invasive tree worldwide, but the ecological factors that lead to the spread of this species in Mediterranean ecosystems are still unclear. Here we aim to identify such factors, focusing on the interaction of human activity with climatic conditions. We determined the occurrence and abundance of Ailanthus in 240 sites and studied their relationship with 20 variables representing climatic, geographic, and topographic factors, as well as land use, in the region of Campania (southern Italy). Overall, we found that temperature and rainfall in Campania are suitable for Ailanthus, with the only major constraint being the temperature at an altitude exceeding 900 m a.s.l.. We found that Ailanthus is unable to spread where the mean annual temperature is lower than 11.1 °C. By contrast, precipitation variables showed poor correlation with Ailanthus distribution, suggesting that rainfall in the selected study sites is suitable to sustain the growth of this tree. About land use variables, roads were the primary landscape feature along which this species spread and invaded new areas. Roads probably combine high propagule pressure and favorable growing conditions in terms of available resources i.e., light, water, and mineral nutrients, that allow Ailanthus to establish and spread along roadside edges in different ecosystems. In conclusion, we found that climate and human-associated variables are correlated with the current occurrence of Ailanthus, with the temperature being more influential at high elevation sites and road distance playing a prominent role in low elevation areas.
Keywords	Ailanthus altissima ; altitude ; humans ; invasive species ; land use ; landscapes ; plant ecology ; rain ; roadsides ; temperature ; trees ; Italy ; Mediterranean region
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Size	p. 1347-1359.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1364679-5
ISSN	1573-5052 ; 1385-0237
ISSN (online)	1573-5052
ISSN	1385-0237
DOI	10.1007/s11258-021-01183-9
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Predictors of Response and Survival to Multikinase Inhibitors in Radioiodine Resistant Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.

Feola, Tiziana / Cozzolino, Alessia / Centello, Roberta / Pandozzi, Carla / Tarsitano, Maria Grazia / Giannetta, Elisa

Journal of personalized medicine

2021 Volume 11, Issue 7

Abstract: Sorafenib and lenvatinib are the only multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) approved for the treatment of radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC). Although they have been demonstrated to improve progression free survival and overall ... ...

Abstract	Sorafenib and lenvatinib are the only multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) approved for the treatment of radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC). Although they have been demonstrated to improve progression free survival and overall response rate, the risk of toxicities is very high, worsening patients' quality of life. Therefore, predicting MKI treatment outcomes in the setting of RR-DTC is very challenging for optimizing patients' management. The current review provides an overview of the predictive factors for the response and survival of sorafenib and lenvatinib in RR-DTC. In this setting, a systemic therapy should be considered after conducting a multidisciplinary discussion aimed at evaluating the risk-benefit ratio of the treatment and taking into account several clinical, biochemical, and molecular factors. Age, performance status, and cancer-related symptoms are the most important clinical markers to be considered prior to starting MKI treatment, together with tumor burden. Some tissue and circulating biomarkers have been investigated, those involved in the angiogenic pathways being the most promising. Finally, prospective clinical trials aimed at evaluating predictive markers for therapeutic response are needed for tailoring patient management and allowing more appropriate treatment choices.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662248-8
ISSN	2075-4426
ISSN	2075-4426
DOI	10.3390/jpm11070674
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