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Article: Abiotic and biotic correlates of the occurrence, extent and cover of invasive aquatic

Crane, Kate / Kregting, Louise / Coughlan, Neil E / Cuthbert, Ross N / Ricciardi, Anthony / MacIsaac, Hugh J / Dick, Jaimie T A / Reid, Neil

Freshwater biology

2022 Volume 67, Issue 9, Page(s) 1559–1570

Abstract: Biological invasions, especially invasive alien aquatic plants, are a major and growing ecological and socioeconomic problem worldwide. Freshwater systems are particularly vulnerable to invasion, where impacts of invasive alien species can damage ... ...

Abstract	Biological invasions, especially invasive alien aquatic plants, are a major and growing ecological and socioeconomic problem worldwide. Freshwater systems are particularly vulnerable to invasion, where impacts of invasive alien species can damage ecological structure and function. Identifying abiotic and biotic factors that mediate successful invasions is a management priority. Our aim was to determine the environmental correlates of
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121180-8
ISSN	0046-5070
ISSN	0046-5070
DOI	10.1111/fwb.13960
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Abiotic and biotic correlates of the occurrence, extent and cover of invasive aquatic Elodea nuttallii

Crane, Kate / Kregting, Louise / Coughlan, Neil E. / Cuthbert, Ross N. / Ricciardi, Anthony / MacIsaac, Hugh J. / Dick, Jaimie T.A. / Reid, Neil

Freshwater biology. 2022 Sept., v. 67, no. 9

2022

Abstract	Biological invasions, especially invasive alien aquatic plants, are a major and growing ecological and socioeconomic problem worldwide. Freshwater systems are particularly vulnerable to invasion, where impacts of invasive alien species can damage ecological structure and function. Identifying abiotic and biotic factors that mediate successful invasions is a management priority. Our aim was to determine the environmental correlates of Elodea nuttallii; a globally significant invasive aquatic species. Elodea nuttallii presence/absence (occurrence), extent (patch area) and percentage cover (density) was visually assessed from a boat throughout Lough Erne (approximately 144 km²), County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland during the active summer growth season (July–September). In addition, substrate type and zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha occurrence was recorded. Fourteen water chemistry variables were collected monthly from 12 recording stations throughout the lake during the 9 years before the survey to spatially interpolate values and establish temporal trajectories in their change. Shoreline land use was derived from CORINE land cover maps. Environmental associations between E. nuttallii, substrate, D. polymorpha, water chemistry and land use were assessed. Elodea nuttallii occurrence was positively associated with water conductivity, alkalinity, suspended solids, phosphorus (both total and soluble) and chlorophyll‐a concentrations, but negatively associated with pH and total oxidised nitrogen. E. nuttallii patch extent and proportional cover were positively associated, to varying degrees, with the presence of D. polymorpha, biological oxygen demand, water clarity and soft substrate, but negatively associated with urban development and ammonium. Elodea nuttallii displayed high levels of phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental variation, allowing it to adapt to a wide range of conditions and potentially gain competitive advantage over native or other invasive macrophytes. It is evident that multiple abiotic and biotic factors, including facilitation by co‐occurring invasive dreissenid mussels, interact to influence the distribution and abundance of E. nuttallii. Thus, it is necessary to consider a more comprehensive environmental context when planning Elodea management strategies.
Keywords	Dreissena polymorpha ; Elodea nuttallii ; Northern Ireland ; alkalinity ; ammonium ; biochemical oxygen demand ; boats ; chlorophyll ; environmental factors ; freshwater ; hydrochemistry ; invasive species ; lakes ; land cover ; land use ; limnology ; macrophytes ; nitrogen ; pH ; phenotypic plasticity ; phosphorus ; shorelines ; summer ; surveys ; urban development ; water quality
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-09
Size	p. 1559-1570.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	121180-8
ISSN	0046-5070
ISSN	0046-5070
DOI	10.1111/fwb.13960
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Gimme Shelter: differential utilisation and propagule creation of invasive macrophytes by native caddisfly larvae

Crane, Kate / Cuthbert, Ross N / Ricciardi, Anthony / Kregting, Louise / Coughlan, Neil E / MacIsaac, Hugh J / Reid, Neil / Dick, Jaimie T. A

Biological invasions. 2021 Jan., v. 23, no. 1

2021

Abstract: In aquatic systems, invasive submerged macrophytes considerably alter the structure and functioning of communities, thus potentially compromising ecosystem services. The prolific spread of invasive macrophytes is often aided by vegetative fragment ... ...

Abstract	In aquatic systems, invasive submerged macrophytes considerably alter the structure and functioning of communities, thus potentially compromising ecosystem services. The prolific spread of invasive macrophytes is often aided by vegetative fragment propagation, yet the contributions of various commonly occurring invertebrates to such fragmentation are often unquantified. In the present study, we examine fragmentary spread of invasive macrophytes by a group of shredder-herbivores, larval caddisflies. Through novel application of the comparative functional response (FR; resource use as a function of density) approach to the native case-building species Limnephilus lunatus, we compared utilisation of non-native waterweeds Elodea canadensis and E. nuttallii in mono- and polycultures. Furthermore, we quantified de-cased and cased caddisfly-induced fragment production and length changes among non-native E. canadensis, E. nuttallii, Crassula helmsii and Lagarosiphon major under two different plant orientations: horizontal (floating) versus vertical (upright) growth forms. Larval caddisflies exhibited Type II (hyperbolic) FRs towards both Elodea species, and utilised each plant at similar rates when plants were provided separately. When plant species were presented in combination horizontally, E. canadensis was significantly less utilised compared to E. nuttallii, corroborating observations in the field. De-cased larvae produced new plant fragments for all four aquatic macrophytes, whereas cased larvae fragmented plants significantly less. Elodea nuttalii and C. helmsii were fragmented the most overall. Crassula helmsii was utilised to the greatest extent when plants were horizontally orientated, and Elodea species when vertically orientated. This study identifies and quantifies a mechanism from a novel species group that may contribute to the spread of invasive macrophytes in aquatic systems. Whilst exploititative interactions are thought to impede invasion success, here we demonstrate how resource utilisation by a resident species may exacerbate propagule pressure from an invasive species.
Keywords	Crassula ; Elodea canadensis ; Lagarosiphon major ; Limnephilus ; colonizing ability ; ecosystems ; invasive species ; macrophytes
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-01
Size	p. 95-109.
Publishing place	Springer International Publishing
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	1438729-3
ISSN	1573-1464 ; 1387-3547
ISSN (online)	1573-1464
ISSN	1387-3547
DOI	10.1007/s10530-020-02358-7
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: No time to dye

Crane, Kate / Cuthbert, Ross N. / Coughlan, Neil E. / Kregting, Louise / Reid, Neil / Ricciardi, Anthony / MacIsaac, Hugh J. / Dick, Jaimie T. A.

dye-induced light differences mediate growth rates among invasive macrophytes

2022

Abstract: Invasive, submerged macrophytes negatively alter aquatic ecosystems and biodiversity through disruption of ecological structure and functioning. These plants are especially challenging and costly to control, with relatively few successful eradications. ... ...

Abstract	Invasive, submerged macrophytes negatively alter aquatic ecosystems and biodiversity through disruption of ecological structure and functioning. These plants are especially challenging and costly to control, with relatively few successful eradications. We examine the efficacy of dye treatments to control three invasive, submerged macrophyte species: Elodea canadensis Michx., Elodea nuttallii (Planchon) H. St. John and Lagarosiphon major (Ridley). Using an experimental mesocosm approach, growth rates of each species were monitored in relation to five light treatment groups: light, 1×, 2×, 3× dye dosage, and complete darkness (range: 270 to 0 μmol·m-2·s-1). Dye presence did not negate growth in any of the tested species, but the effects of treatments on invasive macrophyte growth rates differed across species. In dyed conditions, E. canadensis exhibited significantly greater increases in length compared to E. nuttallii and L. major, whilst E. nuttallii and L. major were lower and statistically similar. However, L. major significantly increased length relative to Elodea spp. in dark conditions. Similarly, for biomass changes, Elodea spp. gained significantly more biomass than L. major under light and dyed conditions, but not in the dark. Our findings suggest that the tested dye concentrations are not sufficient to halt the growth of these plants. However, under certain conditions, they could potentially help to reduce densities of invasive macrophytes by slowing growth rates and reducing biomass in select species. Differential responses to light could also help explain species replacement dynamics under varying environmental contexts. Overall, while further empirical research is required, management actions that reduce light could help control aquatic macrophytes in combination with other actions, but could also simultaneously mediate shifts in community assembly.
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-07
Publisher	Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre (REABIC)
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Abiotic and biotic correlates of the occurrence, extent and cover of invasive aquatic Elodea nuttallii

Crane, Kate / Kregting, Louise / Coughlan, Neil E. / Cuthbert, Ross N. / Ricciardi, Anthony / MacIsaac, Hugh J. / Dick, Jaimie T.A. / Reid, Neil

2022

Abstract: 1. Biological invasions, especially invasive alien aquatic plants, are a major and growing ecological and socioeconomic problem worldwide. Freshwater systems are particularly vulnerable to invasion, where impacts of invasive alien species can damage ... ...

Abstract	1. Biological invasions, especially invasive alien aquatic plants, are a major and growing ecological and socioeconomic problem worldwide. Freshwater systems are particularly vulnerable to invasion, where impacts of invasive alien species can damage ecological structure and function. Identifying abiotic and biotic factors that mediate successful invasions is a management priority. Our aim was to determine the environmental correlates of Elodea nuttallii; a globally significant invasive aquatic species. 2. Elodea nuttallii presence/absence (occurrence), extent (patch area) and percentage cover (density) was visually assessed from a boat throughout Lough Erne (approximately 144 km2), County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland during the active summer growth season (July–September). In addition, substrate type and zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha occurrence was recorded. Fourteen water chemistry variables were collected monthly from 12 recording stations throughout the lake during the 9 years before the survey to spatially interpolate values and establish temporal trajectories in their change. Shoreline land use was derived from CORINE land cover maps. Environmental associations between E. nuttallii, substrate, D. polymorpha, water chemistry and land use were assessed. 3. Elodea nuttallii occurrence was positively associated with water conductivity, alkalinity, suspended solids, phosphorus (both total and soluble) and chlorophyll-a concentrations, but negatively associated with pH and total oxidised nitrogen. E. nuttallii patch extent and proportional cover were positively associated, to varying degrees, with the presence of D. polymorpha, biological oxygen demand, water clarity and soft substrate, but negatively associated with urban development and ammonium. 4. Elodea nuttallii displayed high levels of phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental variation, allowing it to adapt to a wide range of conditions and potentially gain competitive advantage over native or other invasive macrophytes. 5. It is evident that ...
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01
Publisher	Wiley
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Retention of viability by fragmented invasive Crassula helmsii, Elodea canadensis and Lagarosiphon major

Coughlan, Neil E. / Armstrong, Fearghail / Baker‐Arney, Connie / Crane, Kate / Cuthbert, Ross N. / Jansen, Marcel A. K. / Kregting, Louise / Vong, Gina Y. W. / Dick, Jaimie T. A.

River Research and Applications. 2022 Oct., v. 38, no. 8 p.1356-1361

2022

Abstract: Invasive aquatic macrophytes tend to reproduce and spread through vegetative means, often via fragmentary propagules. Dispersal among aquatic sites may occur overland via attachment to various vectors, or within river systems by directional water ... ...

Abstract	Invasive aquatic macrophytes tend to reproduce and spread through vegetative means, often via fragmentary propagules. Dispersal among aquatic sites may occur overland via attachment to various vectors, or within river systems by directional water currents. However, for many species the relationship between fragment size and resumption of growth is unknown. Here, we assessed resumption of growth of apical and mid‐stem fragments of invasive Crassula helmsii, Elodea canadensis and Lagarosiphon major. Proportionally, apical fragments tended to more readily resume growth than mid‐stem sections, especially for E. canadensis and L. major (80–100%). However, viability did not scale linearly with increasing fragment size, which suggests that fragment size is not a singular determinant of propagule fitness. Nevertheless, longer fragments generally produced greater numbers of shoots and roots, but root production significantly differed among species and was determined through an interaction between plant section, species and fragment length. Overall, all species produced new shoots and roots from fragments as small as 10 mm. C. helmsii mid‐stem fragments standardised by node counts did not display new growth (up to 10 nodes), while E. canadensis tended to show greater shoot and root production with increasing node counts. It is evident that a medium to high proportion of small fragmentary propagules of these invasive macrophytes can retain viability. These data have clear implications for understanding the dispersal of these invasive species and their management. Specifically, cutting and dredging may increase rather than decrease infestations, especially in downstream directions. Thus, in the absence of adequate fragment containment, current short‐term control strategies may in fact be counterproductive.
Keywords	Crassula ; Elodea canadensis ; Lagarosiphon major ; invasive species ; macrophytes ; research ; rivers ; viability
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-10
Size	p. 1356-1361.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2072626-0
ISSN	1535-1459
ISSN	1535-1459
DOI	10.1002/rra.3952
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Full steam ahead: direct steam exposure to inhibit spread of invasive aquatic macrophytes

Crane, Kate / Coughlan, Neil E / Cuthbert, Ross N / Dick, Jaimie T. A / Kregting, Louise / MacIsaac, Hugh J

Biological invasions. 2019 Apr., v. 21, no. 4

2019

Abstract: Biosecurity protocols designed to prevent invader spread have become integral to invasive species management strategies. However, application of many proposed spread-prevention practices is inhibited due to low practicality, high expense, undesirable non- ...

Abstract	Biosecurity protocols designed to prevent invader spread have become integral to invasive species management strategies. However, application of many proposed spread-prevention practices is inhibited due to low practicality, high expense, undesirable non-target effects and a lack of known efficacy. Here, we examine the use of direct steam exposure to induce substantial fragment (i.e. propagule stage) degradation of seven invasive macrophytes: Ceratophyllum demersum, Crassula helmsii, Egeria densa, Elodea canadensis, Elodea nuttallii, Lagarosiphon major and Potamogeton crispus. Each species was independently exposed to steam treatments in loose clumps of three fragments, steamed at a distance of 2–3 cm from the source, for varied exposure times: 10 s, 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, and 5 min. Furthermore, we develop and apply a novel degradation scale describing visual tissue biodegradation stages and/or resumption of growth for fragmentary propagules. Steam treatments were observed to be highly efficacious, with total degradation being induced by 10 s of direct steam exposure. This was apparent for all species following a seven day recovery period, except C. demersum, which took until 21 days. Conversely, control specimens displayed excellent survival and/or viability (i.e. resumption of growth). Therefore, we argue that this innovative, yet simple technique can be used to improve biosecurity practices to inhibit the spread of invasive macrophytes.
Keywords	biodegradation ; biosecurity ; Ceratophyllum demersum ; Crassula ; ecological invasion ; Egeria densa ; Elodea canadensis ; Elodea nuttallii ; exposure duration ; invasive species ; Lagarosiphon major ; macrophytes ; Potamogeton crispus ; protocols ; steam ; viability
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-04
Size	p. 1311-1321.
Publishing place	Springer International Publishing
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1438729-3
ISSN	1573-1464 ; 1387-3547
ISSN (online)	1573-1464
ISSN	1387-3547
DOI	10.1007/s10530-018-1901-2
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Touch too much: aquatic disinfectant and steam exposure treatments can inhibit further spread of invasive bloody-red mysid shrimp Hemimysis anomala

Coughlan, Neil E / O’Hara, Shane / Crane, Kate / Dick, Jaimie T. A / MacIsaac, Hugh J / Cuthbert, Ross N

Wetlands ecology and management. 2020 Apr., v. 28, no. 2

2020

Abstract: Biosecurity protocols designed to prevent further spread of invasive alien species have become a key component of invader management strategies. However, spread-prevention of invasive peracarids is especially difficult due to ineffectiveness of detection ...

Abstract	Biosecurity protocols designed to prevent further spread of invasive alien species have become a key component of invader management strategies. However, spread-prevention of invasive peracarids is especially difficult due to ineffectiveness of detection and treatment options. For instance, bloody-red mysid shrimp, Hemimysis anomala, is a high impact ecosystem-destabilising invader, which continues to spread in both Europe and North America. Here, we examine the effectiveness of two commonly used aquatic disinfectants (Virasure®/Virkon® Aquatic), and steam treatments (≥ 100 °C) to kill H. anomala. Specimens were exposed to 1% disinfectant solutions for complete immersion or mist-spray treatments, both lasting 60 s. Steam exposures lasted for 10 or 30 s. All treatments caused 100% mortality of H. anomala. Accordingly, it appears that relatively brief exposures to disinfectant and steam treatments can curtail further H. anomala spread. Therefore, these treatments should be used to decontaminate all equipment, from wetsuits to boats. In particular, steam and disinfectant spray treatments may be useful for decontamination of large, complex equipment, such as vehicles, trailers, outboard motors, or live wells on fishing boats.
Keywords	Hemimysis anomala ; biosecurity ; decontamination ; disinfectants ; invasive species ; mortality ; shrimp ; steam ; Europe ; North America
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-04
Size	p. 397-402.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	20900-4
ISSN	1572-9834 ; 0923-4861
ISSN (online)	1572-9834
ISSN	0923-4861
DOI	10.1007/s11273-020-09720-5
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Dead and gone: Steam exposure kills layered clumps of invasive curly waterweed Lagarosiphon major

Coughlan, Neil E / Armstrong, Fearghail / Cuthbert, Ross N / Eagling, Lawrence E / Kregting, Louise / Dick, Jaimie T.A / MacIsaac, Hugh J / Crane, Kate

Aquatic botany. 2020 Mar., v. 162

2020

Abstract: Population suppression and eradication of invasive, alien macrophytes can be complex, costly and labour intensive, therefore prevention of further spread is an essential aspect of management. However, following the physical removal of entangled clumps of ...

Abstract	Population suppression and eradication of invasive, alien macrophytes can be complex, costly and labour intensive, therefore prevention of further spread is an essential aspect of management. However, following the physical removal of entangled clumps of plant material adhering to anthropogenic vectors including outboard engines, guidelines for appropriate disposal are often unclear, inadequate, or non-existent. Here, we explore use of direct steam exposure to cause complete degradation of layered clumps of invasive curly waterweed Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) Moss. Clumps were arranged as three, stacked 15 × 15 cm layers, with 40 ± 0.1 g of entangled stems per layer, to which steam was directly applied downwards onto the top layer. The top surface area was divided into nine subsections to ensure an even application of steam per 5 × 5 cm for durations of 5, 10, 30, 60, or 120-sec, equivalent to 0.75, 1.5, 4.5, 9, or 18-min steam applications. Ten seconds of exposure caused total degradation of top and middle layers, while up to 30-sec was required for the bottom layer. For shorter exposures, new growth - if it occurred - was evidenced by a single new shoot of < 5 mm in length following 28-days of recovery. Conversely, control specimens displayed excellent survival and production of new growth. We suggest that the simple, yet highly efficacious technique of steam exposure can be used to improve prevent spread of invasive macrophytes.
Keywords	Lagarosiphon major ; introduced plants ; invasive species ; labor ; macrophytes ; steam ; stems ; surface area
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-03
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	390388-6
ISSN	0304-3770
ISSN	0304-3770
DOI	10.1016/j.aquabot.2020.103204
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Gimme Shelter

Crane, Kate / Cuthbert, Ross N. / Ricciardi, Anthony / Kregting, Louise / Coughlan, Neil E. / MacIsaac, Hugh J. / Reid, Neil / Dick, Jaimie T. A.

differential utilisation and propagule creation of invasive macrophytes by native caddisfly larvae

2021

Abstract	In aquatic systems, invasive submerged macrophytes considerably alter the structure and functioning of communities, thus potentially compromising ecosystem services. The prolific spread of invasive macrophytes is often aided by vegetative fragment propagation, yet the contributions of various commonly occurring invertebrates to such fragmentation are often unquantified. In the present study, we examine fragmentary spread of invasive macrophytes by a group of shredder-herbivores, larval caddisflies. Through novel application of the comparative functional response (FR; resource use as a function of density) approach to the native case-building species Limnephilus lunatus, we compared utilisation of non-native waterweeds Elodea canadensis and E. nuttallii in mono- and polycultures. Furthermore, we quantified de-cased and cased caddisfly-induced fragment production and length changes among non-native E. canadensis, E. nuttallii, Crassula helmsii and Lagarosiphon major under two different plant orientations: horizontal (floating) versus vertical (upright) growth forms. Larval caddisflies exhibited Type II (hyperbolic) FRs towards both Elodea species, and utilised each plant at similar rates when plants were provided separately. When plant species were presented in combination horizontally, E. canadensis was significantly less utilised compared to E. nuttallii, corroborating observations in the field. De-cased larvae produced new plant fragments for all four aquatic macrophytes, whereas cased larvae fragmented plants significantly less. Elodea nuttalii and C. helmsii were fragmented the most overall. Crassula helmsii was utilised to the greatest extent when plants were horizontally orientated, and Elodea species when vertically orientated. This study identifies and quantifies a mechanism from a novel species group that may contribute to the spread of invasive macrophytes in aquatic systems. Whilst exploititative interactions are thought to impede invasion success, here we demonstrate how resource utilisation by a ...
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publisher	Springer
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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