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Book ; Online ; E-Book: The Andean wonder drug

Crawford, Matthew James

cinchona bark and imperial science in the Spanish Atlantic, 1630-1800

2016

Author's details	Matthew James Crawford
Keywords	Cinchona ; Quinine / history ; Malaria / drug therapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; Drug Discovery / history ; Peru / https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D010568 ; Ecuador / https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D004484
Subject code	615.1
Language	English
Size	1 Online-Ressource (xi, 284 Seiten), Illustrationen, Karten
Publisher	University of Pittsburgh Press
Publishing place	Pittsburgh, Pa
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Book ; Online ; E-Book
Remark	Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
HBZ-ID	HT019462848
ISBN	978-0-8229-8139-8 ; 9780822944522 ; 0-8229-8139-4 ; 0822944529
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Age is positively associated with fading affect bias: A cross-sectional comparison.

Marsh, Claire / Crawford, Matthew T

Psychology and aging

2024 Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 139–152

Abstract: Emotions elicited by personal event memories change over time such that negative affect fades more quickly than positive affect. This asymmetric fade is called the fading affect bias (FAB) and has been posited as a mechanism that helps promote a positive ...

Abstract	Emotions elicited by personal event memories change over time such that negative affect fades more quickly than positive affect. This asymmetric fade is called the fading affect bias (FAB) and has been posited as a mechanism that helps promote a positive outlook on life. A similar bias toward positive information (i.e., the positivity effect) driven by greater emphasis on emotion regulation has been demonstrated in older adults. The current research uses two age-diverse community samples to examine the relationship between age and the strength of FAB. Participants recalled positive and negative event memories and rated the intensity of affect at the time of the event (i.e., retrospectively) and at the time of recollection. Participants of all ages exhibited a significant FAB, and crucially, the strength of the effect was positively associated with age. Age-based differences in psychological well-being and recalled event intensity had no influence on the relationship between age and FAB. The relationship was, however, related to greater personal importance placed on positive (but not negative) events. The findings are consistent with the socioemotional selectivity theory and suggest another mechanism through which emotion regulation is associated with aging to maintain a positive outlook on life. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Affect/physiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Memory, Episodic ; Aging ; Emotions
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	635596-1
ISSN	1939-1498 ; 0882-7974
ISSN (online)	1939-1498
ISSN	0882-7974
DOI	10.1037/pag0000797
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Time heals all wounds? Naïve theories about the fading of affect associated with autobiographical events.

Crawford, Matthew T / Marsh, Claire

Memory & cognition

2023 Volume 51, Issue 8, Page(s) 1715–1728

Abstract: The current research examined the naïve theories that individuals hold about how affect fades over time. In three studies (with various replications), participants read about positive and negative events and estimated the emotional impact of those events ...

Abstract	The current research examined the naïve theories that individuals hold about how affect fades over time. In three studies (with various replications), participants read about positive and negative events and estimated the emotional impact of those events on either themselves or a hypothetical other over different time frames (i.e., 1 week, 1 month, 1 year-Studies 1a-1c) or how long it would take for specific amounts of fade to occur (Studies 2a & 2b). In a final study, participants were directly asked about their beliefs regarding affect fade. Results demonstrated that people have inaccurate expectations about affect fade for positive and negative events. Specifically, participants rate that positive events fade more in the short term, but that negative events fade more in the long term. Results are discussed in terms of how these (incorrect) naïve theories of affect fade relate to metacognitive biases in memory and emotion.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Affect ; Memory, Episodic ; Emotions ; Mental Recall
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	185691-1
ISSN	1532-5946 ; 0090-502X
ISSN (online)	1532-5946
ISSN	0090-502X
DOI	10.3758/s13421-023-01426-2
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The pipetting Olympics: Propagating proper pipetting

Crawford, Matthew L / Shuford, Christopher M / Grant, Russell P

Journal of mass spectrometry and advances in the clinical lab

2023 Volume 29, Page(s) 16–20

Abstract: Introduction: Engaging pipetting events were developed to assess and challenge technicians' practical sample handling using matrices common to the clinical laboratory. As correct pipetting stands as a prerequisite for accurate clinical laboratory ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Engaging pipetting events were developed to assess and challenge technicians' practical sample handling using matrices common to the clinical laboratory. As correct pipetting stands as a prerequisite for accurate clinical laboratory testing, this helped to understand sources of imprecision and bias attributed to the underlying step of aspirating and dispensing patient samples and internal standard in clinical LC-MS/MS assays while highlighting the importance for the clinical laboratory to evaluate this source of variability on an on-going basis and mitigate its impact. Methods: The events involved pipetting water, methanol, serum, and whole blood. Gravimetric analysis was used to determine the exact volumetric delivery of each matrix using two different techniques. Imprecision and bias were calculated based on the volume derived from the mass and density of each matrix, using literature values for each matrix type. Results: Low imprecision and bias were observed when pipetting water, as in common commercial pipetting assessment programs. Significantly increased imprecision and bias were observed in more applicable matrices (i.e., serum, whole blood, and methanol), indicating that water-based pipetting proficiency assessment leads to a false sense of technical ability. Additionally, the events within illuminated areas for training, leading to improved imprecision and bias. It was shown that pre-rinsing (aspirating and dispensing matrix three times to coat the tip) improved bias, particularly for delivery of methanol and whole blood. Conclusions: Precise and accurate pipetting within the clinical laboratory should not be taken for granted, nor implicitly inferred from proficiency assessment using aqueous solutions. The engaging and collegial events fostered training opportunities. Assay-specific patient sample delivery considerations (pipets and matrices) can inform the practicality of these events - the Pipetting Olympics - and drive improvements within the laboratory.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2667-145X
ISSN (online)	2667-145X
DOI	10.1016/j.jmsacl.2023.06.002
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Predicting the Need for Transition from Pediatric to Adult Pain Services: A Retrospective, Longitudinal Study Using the Electronic Persistent Pain Outcome Collaboration (ePPOC) Databases.

Champion, Joel / Crawford, Matthew / Jaaniste, Tiina

Children (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 10, Issue 2

Abstract: A proportion of youth with chronic pain do not respond to interdisciplinary pain management and may require transition to adult pain services. This study sought to characterize a cohort of patients referred to pediatric pain services who subsequently ... ...

Abstract	A proportion of youth with chronic pain do not respond to interdisciplinary pain management and may require transition to adult pain services. This study sought to characterize a cohort of patients referred to pediatric pain services who subsequently required referral to an adult pain service. We compared this transition group with pediatric patients eligible by age to transition but who did not transition to adult services. We sought to identify factors predicting the need to transition to adult pain services. This retrospective study utilized linkage data from the adult electronic Persistent Pain Outcomes Collaboration (ePPOC) and the pediatric (PaedePPOC) data repositories. The transition group experienced significantly higher pain intensity and disability, lower quality of life, and higher health care utilization relative to the comparison group. Parents of the transition group reported greater distress, catastrophizing, and helplessness relative to parents in the comparison group. Three factors significantly predicted transition: compensation status (OR = 4.21 (1.185-15)), daily anti-inflammatory medication use (OR = 2 (1.028-3.9)), and older age at referral (OR = 1.6 (1.3-2.17)). This study demonstrated that patients referred to pediatric pain services who subsequently need transition to adult services are a uniquely disabled and vulnerable group beyond comparative peers. Clinical applications for transition-specific care are discussed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2732685-8
ISSN	2227-9067
ISSN	2227-9067
DOI	10.3390/children10020357
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Article ; Online: Emotion in motion: perceiving fear in the behaviour of individuals from minimal motion capture displays.

Crawford, Matthew T / Maymon, Christopher / Miles, Nicola L / Blackburne, Katie / Tooley, Michael / Grimshaw, Gina M

Cognition & emotion

2024 , Page(s) 1–12

Abstract: The ability to quickly and accurately recognise emotional states is adaptive for numerous social functions. Although body movements are a potentially crucial cue for inferring emotions, few studies have studied the perception of body movements made in ... ...

Abstract	The ability to quickly and accurately recognise emotional states is adaptive for numerous social functions. Although body movements are a potentially crucial cue for inferring emotions, few studies have studied the perception of body movements made in naturalistic emotional states. The current research focuses on the use of body movement information in the perception of fear expressed by targets in a virtual heights paradigm. Across three studies, participants made judgments about the emotional states of others based on motion-capture body movement recordings of those individuals actively engaged in walking a virtual plank at ground-level or 80 stories above a city street. Results indicated that participants were reliably able to differentiate between height and non-height conditions (Studies 1 & 2), were more likely to spontaneously describe target behaviour in the height condition as fearful (Study 2) and their fear estimates were highly calibrated with the fear ratings from the targets (Studies 1-3). Findings show that VR height scenarios can induce fearful behaviour and that people can perceive fear in minimal representations of body movement.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639123-0
ISSN	1464-0600 ; 0269-9931
ISSN (online)	1464-0600
ISSN	0269-9931
DOI	10.1080/02699931.2023.2300748
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Article ; Online: Caregiver Burden Associated With Pediatric Chronic Pain: A Retrospective Study Using the Pediatric Electronic Persistent Pain Outcomes Collaboration Database.

Ngo, Danny / Palmer, Greta M / Gorrie, Andrew / Kenmuir, Tracey / Crawford, Matthew / Jaaniste, Tiina

The Clinical journal of pain

2024 Volume 40, Issue 3, Page(s) 137–149

Abstract: Objectives: This retrospective, cross-sectional study investigated the nature and extent of burden experienced by caregivers of children and adolescents with chronic pain, and factors associated with increased caregiver burden.: Methods: The ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: This retrospective, cross-sectional study investigated the nature and extent of burden experienced by caregivers of children and adolescents with chronic pain, and factors associated with increased caregiver burden. Methods: The Pediatric Electronic Persistent Pain Outcomes Collaboration database provided prospectively collected data from 1929 families attending 9 pediatric chronic pain services across Australia and New Zealand. Data included demographic information, responses to child pain and functioning measures, caregiver work impairment, and psychosocial functioning. Results: Caregivers of children with chronic pain reported work impairment associated with their child's pain (mean: 15% ± SD 25 absenteeism; 38% ± SD 29 productivity lost), significantly worse than published international population norms (large-scale community survey data), most other caregiver samples of adults and children with other chronic conditions, and adult samples with various pain conditions. Caregivers reported considerable burden in multiple psychosocial functioning domains, particularly leisure functioning, pain-related catastrophizing, and adverse parenting behaviors (with greater pain-related avoidance). Caregiver psychosocial burden was significantly associated with child psychosocial functioning (β = -0.308, P < 0.01), school absenteeism (β = 0.161, P < 0.01), physical disability (β = 0.096, P < 0.05), and pain duration (β = 0.084, P < 0.05), but not pain intensity. Caregiver work productivity loss was significantly associated with school absenteeism (β = 0.290, P < 0.01), child physical disability (β = 0.148, P < 0.01), child health care utilization (β = 0.118, P < 0.05), and worst pain intensity (β = 0.101, P < 0.05). Discussion: These results highlight the significant and varied impacts experienced by caregivers of children with chronic pain. This work is novel in reporting significant work impairment and confirms psychosocial burden in a larger sample than previous studies.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Child ; Chronic Pain ; Retrospective Studies ; Caregiver Burden ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Caregivers/psychology ; Electronics ; Quality of Life
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632582-8
ISSN	1536-5409 ; 0749-8047
ISSN (online)	1536-5409
ISSN	0749-8047
DOI	10.1097/AJP.0000000000001189
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Article: An Empire's Extract: Chemical Manipulations of Cinchona Bark in the Eighteenth-Century Spanish Atlantic World.

Crawford, Matthew James

Osiris

2015 Volume 29, Page(s) 215–229

Abstract: In 1790, the Spanish Crown sent a "botanist-chemist" to South America to implement production of a chemical extract made from cinchona bark, a botanical medicament from the Andes used throughout the Atlantic World to treat malarial fevers. Even though ... ...

Abstract	In 1790, the Spanish Crown sent a "botanist-chemist" to South America to implement production of a chemical extract made from cinchona bark, a botanical medicament from the Andes used throughout the Atlantic World to treat malarial fevers. Even though the botanist-chemist's efforts to produce the extract failed, this episode offers important insight into the role of chemistry in the early modern Atlantic World. Well before the Spanish Crown tried to make it a tool of empire, chemistry provided a vital set of techniques that circulated among a variety of healers, who used such techniques to make botanical medicaments useful and intelligible in new ways.
MeSH term(s)	Americas ; Antimalarials/chemistry ; Antimalarials/history ; Cinchona/chemistry ; History, 18th Century ; Malaria/drug therapy ; Malaria/history ; Plant Bark/chemistry ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Plant Extracts/history ; Spain
Chemical Substances	Antimalarials ; Plant Extracts
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-06-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	0369-7827
ISSN	0369-7827
DOI	10.1086/678104
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Holding on & letting go: romantic attachment and fading affect bias.

Crawford, Matthew T / Hammond, Matthew D / Marsh, Claire

The Journal of social psychology

2021 , Page(s) 1–18

Abstract: The current research examined the phenomenon of fading affect bias - the tendency for affect associated with negative events to fade more than affect associated with positive events - within the context of romantic relationships. Participants recalled ... ...

Abstract	The current research examined the phenomenon of fading affect bias - the tendency for affect associated with negative events to fade more than affect associated with positive events - within the context of romantic relationships. Participants recalled and evaluated positive and negative relationship-specific and non-relationship autobiographical events. Participants also completed measures of attachment avoidance and anxiety. Multi-level modeling demonstrated fading affect bias for relationship and non-relationship events, but that affect fade was shaped by attachment orientations. Specifically, higher attachment anxiety, and lower attachment avoidance predicted greater importance of relationship events which predicted lower fading of affective intensity of memories. Thus, attachment anxiety sustained, while attachment avoidance suppressed the affect of relational memories. We discuss implications of these findings for relationship maintenance.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2066653-6
ISSN	1940-1183 ; 0022-4545
ISSN (online)	1940-1183
ISSN	0022-4545
DOI	10.1080/00224545.2021.2017254
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Book: The Andean wonder drug

Crawford, Matthew James

cinchona bark and imperial science in the Spanish Atlantic, 1630-1800

2016

Abstract: In the eighteenth century, malaria was a prevalent and deadly disease, and the only effective treatment was found in the Andean forests of Spanish America: a medicinal bark harvested from cinchona trees that would later give rise to the antimalarial ... ...

Author's details	Matthew James Crawford
Abstract	"In the eighteenth century, malaria was a prevalent and deadly disease, and the only effective treatment was found in the Andean forests of Spanish America: a medicinal bark harvested from cinchona trees that would later give rise to the antimalarial drug quinine. In 1751, the Spanish Crown asserted control over the production and distribution of this medicament by establishing a royal reserve of "fever trees" in Quito. Through this pilot project, the Crown pursued a new vision of imperialism informed by science and invigorated through commerce. But ultimately this project failed, much like the broader imperial reforms that it represented. Drawing on extensive archival research, Matthew Crawford explains why, showing how indigenous healers, laborers, merchants, colonial officials, and creole elites contested European science and thwarted imperial reform by asserting their authority to speak for the natural world. The Andean Wonder Drug uses the story of cinchona bark to demonstrate how the imperial politics of knowledge in the Spanish Atlantic ultimately undermined efforts to transform European science into a tool of empire"-- "In the eighteenth century, malaria was a prevalent and deadly disease, and the only effective treatment was found in the Andean forests of Spanish America: a medicinal bark harvested from cinchona trees that would later give rise to the antimalarial drug quinine. The Andean Wonder Drug uses the story of cinchona bark to demonstrate how the imperial politics of knowledge in the Spanish Atlantic ultimately undermined efforts to transform European science into a tool of empire"--
MeSH term(s)	Cinchona ; Quinine/history ; Malaria/drug therapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; Drug Discovery/history
Keywords	Peru ; Ecuador
Language	English
Size	xi, 284 pages :, illustrations, map ;, 24 cm
Document type	Book
ISBN	9780822944522 ; 0822944529
Database	Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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