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  1. Book: International differences in mortality at older ages

    Crimmins, Eileen M.

    dimensions and sources

    2010  

    Institution National Research Council / Panel on Understanding Divergent Trends in Longevity in High-Income Countries
    Author's details Panel on Understanding Divergent Trends in Longevity in High-Income Countries ... Eileen M. Crimmins ..., ed
    Keywords Life Expectancy ; Aged ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Developed Countries ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; United States
    Language English
    Size X, 418 S. : graph. Darst.
    Publisher National Acad. Press
    Publishing place Washington, DC
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    Note Includes bibliographical references
    HBZ-ID HT016835550
    ISBN 978-0-309-15733-9 ; 0-309-15733-1 ; 9780309157346 ; 030915734X
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  2. Article ; Online: Recent trends and increasing differences in life expectancy present opportunities for multidisciplinary research on aging.

    Crimmins, Eileen M

    Nature aging

    2021  Volume 1, Issue 1, Page(s) 12–13

    Abstract: The increase in multidisciplinary research in the field of aging has many benefits and should be further applied to better understand and possibly reverse the stalled increase in life expectancy as well as growing social inequalities in life expectancy ... ...

    Abstract The increase in multidisciplinary research in the field of aging has many benefits and should be further applied to better understand and possibly reverse the stalled increase in life expectancy as well as growing social inequalities in life expectancy in many countries.
    MeSH term(s) Interdisciplinary Research ; Life Expectancy ; Socioeconomic Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2662-8465
    ISSN (online) 2662-8465
    DOI 10.1038/s43587-020-00016-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Functional limitation among middle age and older adults: Exploring cross-national gender disparities.

    Burns, Shane D / Ailshire, Jennifer A / Crimmins, Eileen M

    Archives of gerontology and geriatrics

    2024  Volume 123, Page(s) 105410

    Abstract: Objective: Functional limitations are prevalent among aging demographics, especially women. Structural and health factors, which vary worldwide, influence rates of functional limitations. Yet, gender disparities in functional limitation remain unclear ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Functional limitations are prevalent among aging demographics, especially women. Structural and health factors, which vary worldwide, influence rates of functional limitations. Yet, gender disparities in functional limitation remain unclear in a global context.
    Methods: We use 2018 data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) international family of studies with respondents ages 50-64 and (n = 87,479) and 65-89 (n = 92,145) to investigate gender disparities in large muscle functional limitation (LMFL) across 10 countries/regions using mixed effects logistic regression, with special attention to structural indicators of inequality and health.
    Results: Among both women and men, LMFL was generally higher in China, India, Mexico, United States, and Baltic States than in England, Scandinavia, Southern Europe, Eastern Europe, and Western Europe. The gender disparity in LMFL gradually declined at older ages in India, China, Mexico, and United States, while this disparity gradually increased at older ages throughout Europe. Among middle age respondents, the greater risk of LMFL for women in countries/regions with a high GII was no longer observed after accounting for comorbidities. Among older respondents, a lower risk of LMFL for women in countries/regions with a high GII was not observed until accounting for comorbidities.
    Discussion: Our findings suggest that rates of LMFL are higher in middle-income countries than high-income countries, especially among women, and in countries with a higher GII. In addition, consideration of comorbidities was integral to these relationships. Thus, national/regional contexts inform differential rates of functional limitation, particularly as it relates to gender.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-14
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603162-6
    ISSN 1872-6976 ; 0167-4943
    ISSN (online) 1872-6976
    ISSN 0167-4943
    DOI 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105410
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  4. Article: Age-Related Vulnerability to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Biological, Contextual, and Policy-Related Factors.

    Crimmins, Eileen M

    The Public policy and aging report

    2020  Volume 30, Issue 4, Page(s) 142–146

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2740987-9
    ISSN 2053-4892 ; 1055-3037
    ISSN (online) 2053-4892
    ISSN 1055-3037
    DOI 10.1093/ppar/praa023
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  5. Article ; Online: Social hallmarks of aging: Suggestions for geroscience research.

    Crimmins, Eileen M

    Ageing research reviews

    2020  Volume 63, Page(s) 101136

    Abstract: This paper focuses on the social hallmarks of aging including low lifetime socioeconomic status, adversity in childhood and adulthood, being a member of a minority group, adverse health behaviors, and adverse psychological states. The "Social Hallmarks ... ...

    Abstract This paper focuses on the social hallmarks of aging including low lifetime socioeconomic status, adversity in childhood and adulthood, being a member of a minority group, adverse health behaviors, and adverse psychological states. The "Social Hallmarks of Aging" are analogous to the "Geroscience Hallmarks of Aging" in reflecting a set of underlying and interrelated social causes of multiple age-related health outcomes. The paper presents empirical work incorporating the social hallmarks of aging with indicators of multiple biological hallmarks of aging as well as downstream biology in explaining a range of health outcomes. Results show the relative strength of the associations of social and biological measures with important health outcomes. Social factors are strongly related to physical and cognitive functioning and multimorbidity in this older population; this remains true when the significant number of biological measures are controlled. These results can be interpreted to mean that a significant amount of the social variance in age-related health outcomes is not explained by these measures of biology. Indicators of the geroscience hallmarks of aging only relate modestly to the variability in human health outcomes. Attention to the social hallmarks related to human aging can usefully be incorporated into work on the biological hallmarks of aging to make greater progress in understanding human aging.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aging ; Causality ; Child ; Cognition ; Humans ; Multimorbidity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2075672-0
    ISSN 1872-9649 ; 1568-1637
    ISSN (online) 1872-9649
    ISSN 1568-1637
    DOI 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101136
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  6. Article ; Online: Mortality and morbidity in ageing men: Biology, Lifestyle and Environment.

    Zhao, Erfei / Crimmins, Eileen M

    Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 6, Page(s) 1285–1304

    Abstract: Males live shorter lives than women in all countries. The universality of shorter male life expectancy is a 21st Century phenomena. It occurs with the decline in infectious diseases and the rise in cardiovascular diseases accounting for mortality. Male/ ... ...

    Abstract Males live shorter lives than women in all countries. The universality of shorter male life expectancy is a 21st Century phenomena. It occurs with the decline in infectious diseases and the rise in cardiovascular diseases accounting for mortality. Male/female differences in morbidity are not as succinctly characterized. Men have a higher prevalence of lethal diseases, which is linked to their lower life expectancy. Women have more non-lethal conditions such as depression and arthritis; which may also be linked in part to longer survival. Men have better physical functioning and less disability which is partly explained by gender differences in diseases and also by their greater strength, size, and stamina. Gender differences in risk factors for disease have changed over time with the prevalence and treatment of risk as well as differential behavior by gender. Examination of what are seen as basic molecular and cellular measures related to aging indicates men age faster than women; however, even these basic biological measures result from a combination of biology, behavior, and social factors.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Aging ; Morbidity ; Life Expectancy ; Life Style ; Biology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-14
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2185718-0
    ISSN 1573-2606 ; 1389-9155
    ISSN (online) 1573-2606
    ISSN 1389-9155
    DOI 10.1007/s11154-022-09737-6
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  7. Article: The embodiment of parental death in early life through accelerated epigenetic aging: Implications for understanding how parental death before 18 shapes age-related health risk among older adults.

    Farina, Mateo P / Klopack, Eric T / Umberson, Debra / Crimmins, Eileen M

    SSM - population health

    2024  Volume 26, Page(s) 101648

    Abstract: Parental death in early life has been linked to various adverse health outcomes in older adulthood. This study extends prior research to evaluate how parental death in early life is tied to accelerated epigenetic aging, a potentially important biological ...

    Abstract Parental death in early life has been linked to various adverse health outcomes in older adulthood. This study extends prior research to evaluate how parental death in early life is tied to accelerated epigenetic aging, a potentially important biological mechanism from which social and environmental exposures impact age-related health. We used data from the 2016 Venous Blood Study (VBS), a component of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), to examine the association between parental death in early life and accelerated epigenetic aging as measured by three widely used epigenetic clocks (PCPhenoAge, PCGrimAge, and DunedinPACE). We also assessed whether some of the association is explained by differences in educational attainment, depressive symptoms, and smoking behavior. Methods included a series of linear regression models and formal mediation analysis. Findings indicated that parental death in early life is associated with accelerated epigenetic aging for PCPhenoAge and DunedinPACE. The inclusion of educational attainment, depressive symptoms, and smoking behavior attenuated this association, with formal mediation analysis providing additional support for these observations. Parental death in early life may be one of the most difficult experiences an individual may face. The elevated biological risk associated with parental death in early life may operate through immediate changes but also through more downstream risk factors. This study highlights how early life adversity can set in motion biological changes that have lifelong consequences.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2352-8273
    ISSN 2352-8273
    DOI 10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101648
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  8. Article ; Online: The Association between Cardiometabolic Risk and Cognitive Function among Older Americans and Chinese.

    Wu, Qiao / Ailshire, Jennifer A / Kim, Jung Ki / Crimmins, Eileen M

    The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Cardiometabolic risk (CMR) is associated with cognitive health, but the association can be affected by broader social, economic, and medical contexts. The US and China have very different developmental and epidemiological histories, and thus ...

    Abstract Background: Cardiometabolic risk (CMR) is associated with cognitive health, but the association can be affected by broader social, economic, and medical contexts. The US and China have very different developmental and epidemiological histories, and thus CMR among older people could be linked to cognitive function differently in the two countries.
    Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal OLS regression models were estimated for each country using nationally representative samples of populations over age 50: 7,430/4,474 Americans and 6,108/3,655 Chinese in the cross-sectional/longitudinal samples.
    Results: In the US, higher CMR is associated with worse cognitive function (b=-0.08, p<0.016). Longitudinally, CMR increase is associated with worse cognitive function at a marginally significant level (b=-0.10, p=0.055). No relationship between CMR level or change and cognitive function is observed in China. Higher education levels are linked to better cognitive function and slower cognitive decline in both countries. Unlike older Americans, relative to those with very low education levels, among older Chinese with the highest education level, a higher CMR links to better cognitive function (b=0.63, p=0.013) and slower cognitive decline (b=0.35, p=0.062); Nevertheless, a rapid increase in CMR is additionally harmful (b=-0.54, p=0.050) for cognitive function and may lead to faster cognitive decline (b=-0.35, p=0.079).
    Conclusions: The significant relationship between CMR and cognitive function in the US suggests the importance of monitoring and controlling CMR factors at older ages. The insignificant relationship in China may be explained by the high CMR among those with high education levels, highlighting the need for improving cardiometabolic health through education and promoting healthy lifestyles.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1223643-3
    ISSN 1758-535X ; 1079-5006
    ISSN (online) 1758-535X
    ISSN 1079-5006
    DOI 10.1093/gerona/glae116
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  9. Article ; Online: Does adding MRI and CSF-based biomarkers improve cognitive status classification based on cognitive performance questionnaires?

    Farina, Mateo P / Saenz, Joseph / Crimmins, Eileen M

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) e0285220

    Abstract: Background: Cognitive status classification (e.g. dementia, cognitive impairment without dementia, and normal) based on cognitive performance questionnaires has been widely used in population-based studies, providing insight into the population dynamics ...

    Abstract Background: Cognitive status classification (e.g. dementia, cognitive impairment without dementia, and normal) based on cognitive performance questionnaires has been widely used in population-based studies, providing insight into the population dynamics of dementia. However, researchers have raised concerns about the accuracy of cognitive assessments. MRI and CSF biomarkers may provide improved classification, but the potential improvement in classification in population-based studies is relatively unknown.
    Methods: Data come from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). We examined whether the addition of MRI and CSF biomarkers improved cognitive status classification based on cognitive status questionnaires (MMSE). We estimated several multinomial logistic regression models with different combinations of MMSE and CSF/MRI biomarkers. Based on these models, we also predicted prevalence of each cognitive status category using a model with MMSE only and a model with MMSE + MRI + CSF measures and compared them to diagnosed prevalence.
    Results: Our analysis showed a slight improvement in variance explained (pseudo-R2) between the model with MMSE only and the model including MMSE and MRI/CSF biomarkers; the pseudo-R2 increased from .401 to .445. Additionally, in evaluating differences in predicted prevalence for each cognitive status, we found a small improvement in the predicted prevalence of cognitively normal individuals between the MMSE only model and the model with MMSE and CSF/MRI biomarkers (3.1% improvement). We found no improvement in the correct prediction of dementia prevalence.
    Conclusion: MRI and CSF biomarkers, while important for understanding dementia pathology in clinical research, were not found to substantially improve cognitive status classification based on cognitive status performance, which may limit adoption in population-based surveys due to costs, training, and invasiveness associated with their collection.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology ; Biomarkers ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnostic imaging ; Cognitive Dysfunction/pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Cognition ; tau Proteins ; Disease Progression
    Chemical Substances Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Biomarkers ; tau Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0285220
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  10. Article ; Online: Age-Related Vulnerability to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

    Crimmins, Eileen M

    Public Policy & Aging Report

    Biological, Contextual, and Policy-Related Factors

    2020  Volume 30, Issue 4, Page(s) 142–146

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publishing country uk
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2740987-9
    ISSN 2053-4892 ; 1055-3037
    ISSN (online) 2053-4892
    ISSN 1055-3037
    DOI 10.1093/ppar/praa023
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