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Article ; Online: Spontaneous Formation of Exceptional Points at the Onset of Magnetism.

Crippa, L / Sangiovanni, G / Budich, J C

2023 Volume 130, Issue 18, Page(s) 186403

Abstract: We reveal how symmetry-protected nodal points in topological semimetals may be promoted to pairs of generically stable exceptional points (EPs) by symmetry-breaking fluctuations at the onset of long-range order. This intriguing interplay between non- ... ...

Abstract	We reveal how symmetry-protected nodal points in topological semimetals may be promoted to pairs of generically stable exceptional points (EPs) by symmetry-breaking fluctuations at the onset of long-range order. This intriguing interplay between non-Hermitian (NH) topology and spontaneous symmetry breaking is exemplified by a magnetic NH Weyl phase spontaneously emerging at the surface of a strongly correlated three-dimensional topological insulator, when entering the ferromagnetic regime from a high-temperature paramagnetic phase. Here, electronic excitations with opposite spin acquire significantly different lifetimes, thus giving rise to an anti-Hermitian structure in spin that is incompatible with the chiral spin texture of the nodal surface states, and hence facilitate the spontaneous formation of EPs. We present numerical evidence of this phenomenon by solving a microscopic multiband Hubbard model nonperturbatively in the framework of dynamical mean-field theory.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.186403
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Book ; Article ; Online: Double-edged sword

Crippa, Lorenzo / Saavedra-Lux, Laura

Understanding the localized effect of foreign direct investment inflow in conflict settings

2023

Abstract: We analyse how inward foreign direct investment (FDI) received amid ongoing violence shapes armed conflict. We argue that FDI affects patterns of violence by influencing the state's counterinsurgency strategy. To prevent disinvestment, governments strive ...

Abstract	We analyse how inward foreign direct investment (FDI) received amid ongoing violence shapes armed conflict. We argue that FDI affects patterns of violence by influencing the state's counterinsurgency strategy. To prevent disinvestment, governments strive to capture territory linked to investment. Yet, heightened military presence in areas close to FDI projects reinforces rebel group reliance on irregular warfare, thus amplifying civilian victimization as a tool to elicit cooperation or enforce control. Using subnational, georeferenced data on FDI and armed conflict in African countries from 2003 to 2019, we find that conflict events within 5-10 km of a foreign investment see 25 per cent more civilian casualties. The effect is largely driven by increased rebelled, deliberate civilian targeting, and amplified for extractive FDI. We address endogeneity concerns by comparing conflict dynamics between areas that experience an investment with areas that will experience one in the future within the same country-year. Our findings underscore the influence of globalization on political stability.
Keywords	ddc:330 ; O16 ; Q34 ; FDI ; armed conflict ; civilian victimization
Subject code	338
Language	English
Publisher	Helsinki: The United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER)
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Influence of pumice on ammonium dynamics in soilless culture

Crippa, L / Zaccheo, P / Bedussi, F

Acta horticulturae. 2019 Nov. 25, , no. 1266

2019

Abstract: Pumice is widely used in Italy as an alternative to other mineral components e.g., perlite to produce growing media in order to improve physical properties. Since less attention is paid to effects exerted by pumice on chemical environment in substrates, ... ...

Abstract	Pumice is widely used in Italy as an alternative to other mineral components e.g., perlite to produce growing media in order to improve physical properties. Since less attention is paid to effects exerted by pumice on chemical environment in substrates, incubation experiments were conducted focusing on the mobility of ammonium nitrogen. Apart from ammonium dynamics pH, EC, bulk density, maximum water holding capacity, CEC and exchangeable cations were determined on a commercial pumice collected from a volcanic deposit in central Italy. Three experiments were performed to study the interactions of ammonium and pumice. Ammonium adsorption capacity at equilibrium was defined at 21°C in the range 0-2000 mg L(‑)1 of N-NH4, (adsorption isotherm): the calculated Qmax (maximum adsorption, 2.24 mg N-NH4 g(‑)1 pumice) was congruent with the cation exchange capacity of pumice. Ammonium retention was tested on N-NH4 charged pumice by a three-step sequential extraction procedure using ethanol, distilled water and 0.1 M CaCl(2) (1:5 v/v): only 50% of the nitrogen supplied was recovered in ready available or exchangeable pool. Lastly the aptitude of pumice to prevent leaching of ammonium added with fertilization was studied throughout a 15 days trial simulating greenhouse irrigation management in comparison to a fine white peat and a peat/pumice mixture. The results indicated that the studied pumice can be usefully employed as an ingredient in growing media particularly when ammonium preservation is needed.
Keywords	adsorption ; ammonium ; ammonium nitrogen ; bulk density ; cation exchange capacity ; electrical conductivity ; ethanol ; exchangeable cations ; greenhouses ; growing media ; ingredients ; irrigation management ; leaching ; nitrogen ; pH ; peat ; perlite ; pumice ; soilless culture ; sorption isotherms ; water holding capacity ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-1125
Size	p. 243-248.
Publishing place	International Society for Horticultural Science.
Document type	Article
Note	Paper presented at the International Symposium on Growing Media, Soilless Cultivation, and Compost Utilization in Horticulture held August 20-August 25, 2017 Portland, Oregon, United States of America
ISSN	0567-7572
DOI	10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1266.34
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Heavy fermions vs doped Mott physics in heterogeneous Ta-dichalcogenide bilayers.

Crippa, Lorenzo / Bae, Hyeonhu / Wunderlich, Paul / Mazin, Igor I / Yan, Binghai / Sangiovanni, Giorgio / Wehling, Tim / Valentí, Roser

Nature communications

2024 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 1357

Abstract: Controlling and understanding electron correlations in quantum matter is one of the most challenging tasks in materials engineering. In the past years a plethora of new puzzling correlated states have been found by carefully stacking and twisting two- ... ...

Abstract	Controlling and understanding electron correlations in quantum matter is one of the most challenging tasks in materials engineering. In the past years a plethora of new puzzling correlated states have been found by carefully stacking and twisting two-dimensional van der Waals materials of different kind. Unique to these stacked structures is the emergence of correlated phases not foreseeable from the single layers alone. In Ta-dichalcogenide heterostructures made of a good metallic "1H"- and a Mott insulating "1T"-layer, recent reports have evidenced a cross-breed itinerant and localized nature of the electronic excitations, similar to what is typically found in heavy fermion systems. Here, we put forward a new interpretation based on first-principles calculations which indicates a sizeable charge transfer of electrons (0.4-0.6 e) from 1T to 1H layers at an elevated interlayer distance. We accurately quantify the strength of the interlayer hybridization which allows us to unambiguously determine that the system is much closer to a doped Mott insulator than to a heavy fermion scenario. Ta-based heterolayers provide therefore a new ground for quantum-materials engineering in the regime of heavily doped Mott insulators hybridized with metallic states at a van der Waals distance.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-024-45392-y
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Article ; Online: Mott insulators with boundary zeros.

Wagner, N / Crippa, L / Amaricci, A / Hansmann, P / Klett, M / König, E J / Schäfer, T / Sante, D Di / Cano, J / Millis, A J / Georges, A / Sangiovanni, G

Nature communications

2023 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 7531

Abstract: The topological classification of electronic band structures is based on symmetry properties of Bloch eigenstates of single-particle Hamiltonians. In parallel, topological field theory has opened the doors to the formulation and characterization of non- ... ...

Abstract	The topological classification of electronic band structures is based on symmetry properties of Bloch eigenstates of single-particle Hamiltonians. In parallel, topological field theory has opened the doors to the formulation and characterization of non-trivial phases of matter driven by strong electron-electron interaction. Even though important examples of topological Mott insulators have been constructed, the relevance of the underlying non-interacting band topology to the physics of the Mott phase has remained unexplored. Here, we show that the momentum structure of the Green's function zeros defining the "Luttinger surface" provides a topological characterization of the Mott phase related, in the simplest description, to the one of the single-particle electronic dispersion. Considerations on the zeros lead to the prediction of new phenomena: a topological Mott insulator with an inverted gap for the bulk zeros must possess gapless zeros at the boundary, which behave as a form of "topological antimatter" annihilating conventional edge states. Placing band and Mott topological insulators in contact produces distinctive observable signatures at the interface, revealing the otherwise spectroscopically elusive Green's function zeros.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-023-42773-7
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Book ; Online: Regret Minimization with Dynamic Benchmarks in Repeated Games

Crippa, Ludovico / Gur, Yonatan / Light, Bar

2022

Abstract: In repeated games, strategies are often evaluated by their ability to guarantee the performance of the single best action that is selected in hindsight (a property referred to as \emph{Hannan consistency}, or \emph{no-regret}). However, the effectiveness ...

Abstract	In repeated games, strategies are often evaluated by their ability to guarantee the performance of the single best action that is selected in hindsight (a property referred to as \emph{Hannan consistency}, or \emph{no-regret}). However, the effectiveness of the single best action as a yardstick to evaluate strategies is limited, as any static action may perform poorly in common dynamic settings. We propose the notion of \emph{dynamic benchmark consistency}, which requires a strategy to asymptotically guarantee the performance of the best \emph{dynamic} sequence of actions selected in hindsight subject to a constraint on the number of action changes the corresponding dynamic benchmark admits. We show that dynamic benchmark consistent strategies exist if and only if the number of changes in the benchmark scales sublinearly with the horizon length. Further, our main result establishes that the set of empirical joint distributions of play that may emerge, when all players deploy such strategies, asymptotically coincides with the set of \emph{Hannan equilibria} (also referred to as \emph{coarse correlated equilibria}) of the stage game. This general characterization allows one to leverage analyses developed for frameworks that consider static benchmarks, which we demonstrate by bounding the social efficiency of the possible outcomes in our~setting. Together, our results imply that dynamic benchmark consistent strategies introduce the following \emph{Pareto-type} improvement over no-regret strategies: They enable stronger individual guarantees against arbitrary strategies of the other players, while maintaining the same worst-case guarantees on the social welfare, when all players adopt these strategies.
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory ; Economics - Theoretical Economics
Subject code	005
Publishing date	2022-12-06
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Correction: Quantum error correction with molecular spin qudits.

Chizzini, Mario / Crippa, Luca / Zaccardi, Luca / Macaluso, Emilio / Carretta, Stefano / Chiesa, Alessandro / Santini, Paolo

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP

2022 Volume 24, Issue 34, Page(s) 20565

Abstract: Correction for 'Quantum error correction with molecular spin qudits' by Mario ... ...

Abstract	Correction for 'Quantum error correction with molecular spin qudits' by Mario Chizzini
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	1476244-4
ISSN	1463-9084 ; 1463-9076
ISSN (online)	1463-9084
ISSN	1463-9076
DOI	10.1039/d2cp90132c
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Article ; Online: Quantum error correction with molecular spin qudits.

Chizzini, Mario / Crippa, Luca / Zaccardi, Luca / Macaluso, Emilio / Carretta, Stefano / Chiesa, Alessandro / Santini, Paolo

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP

2022 Volume 24, Issue 34, Page(s) 20030–20039

Abstract: Thanks to the large number of levels which can be coherently manipulated, molecular spin systems constitute a very promising platform for quantum computing. Indeed, they can embed quantum error correction within single molecular objects, thus greatly ... ...

Abstract	Thanks to the large number of levels which can be coherently manipulated, molecular spin systems constitute a very promising platform for quantum computing. Indeed, they can embed quantum error correction within single molecular objects, thus greatly simplifying its actual realization in the short term. We consider a recent proposal, which exploits a spin qudit to encode the protected unit, and is tailored to fight pure dephasing. Here we compare the implementation of this code on different molecules, in which the qudit is provided by either an electronic or a nuclear spin (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1476244-4
ISSN	1463-9084 ; 1463-9076
ISSN (online)	1463-9084
ISSN	1463-9076
DOI	10.1039/d2cp01228f
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Article ; Online: Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma: Morphological, immunophenotypical and clonality assessment in six cats.

Roccabianca, Paola / Dell'Aere, Silvia / Avallone, Giancarlo / Zamboni, Clarissa / Bertazzolo, Walter / Crippa, Luca / Giudice, Chiara / Caniatti, Mario / Affolter, Verena K

Veterinary dermatology

2023 Volume 35, Issue 2, Page(s) 207–218

Abstract: Background: Primary cutaneous lymphoma represents 0.2%-3% of all feline lymphomas, with nonepitheliotropic lymphomas being the most common. In humans and dogs, subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a primary nonepitheliotropic ... ...

Abstract	Background: Primary cutaneous lymphoma represents 0.2%-3% of all feline lymphomas, with nonepitheliotropic lymphomas being the most common. In humans and dogs, subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a primary nonepitheliotropic lymphoma with a T-cell phenotype developing in the subcutis and often mimicking inflammation. Objective: The aim of this report is to describe pathological, phenotypical and clonal features of SPTCL in cats. Animals: Six cats with SPTCL were included in this study. Materials and methods: Skin biopsies were formalin-fixed, routinely processed and stained. Histological and immunohistochemical investigation for anti-CD18, CD204, CD79a, CD20, CD3, FeLVp27and FeLVgp70 and clonality assessment were performed. Results: Four male and two female domestic shorthair cats, mean age 11.2 years, developed SPTCL in the abdominal (three), inguinal (two) and thoracic (one) regions. Variably pleomorphic neoplastic lymphoid cells were present in the panniculus in percentages, expanding the septa (six of six) and extending into fat lobules in one of six cats. Tumours were associated with elevated numbers of neutrophils (five of six), lesser macrophages (six of six) and variable necrosis (six of six). Neoplastic cells expressed CD3 Conclusions and clinical relevance: This is the first description of SPTCL in cats. Lesions can be confused with panniculitis, leading to delay in diagnosis and therapy. Awareness of this neoplastic disease is relevant to avoid misdiagnoses and to gain greater knowledge about the disease in cats.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cats ; Male ; Animals ; Female ; Dogs ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/diagnosis ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/veterinary ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/pathology ; Panniculitis/diagnosis ; Panniculitis/veterinary ; Lymphoma/veterinary ; Skin/pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/veterinary ; Cat Diseases/diagnosis ; Dog Diseases
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2011122-8
ISSN	1365-3164 ; 0959-4493
ISSN (online)	1365-3164
ISSN	0959-4493
DOI	10.1111/vde.13211
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Article: Biochar can enhance potassium availability during cyclamen cultivation

Zaccheo, P / Crippa, L / Bedussi, F

Acta horticulturae. 2019, , no. 1266

2019

Abstract: This study examined the feasibility of using biochar in soilless substrates as a substitute for mineral components and as an additive to buffer peat acidity and increase cation exchange capacity. Two different substrates were studied: a control mix ... ...

Abstract	This study examined the feasibility of using biochar in soilless substrates as a substitute for mineral components and as an additive to buffer peat acidity and increase cation exchange capacity. Two different substrates were studied: a control mix composed of peat and perlite (80:20%, v/v) and a biochar mix, composed of peat and biochar (80:20%, v/v). To evaluate the role of biochar in the dynamic of plant available potassium, two levels of starter potassium fertilization were used (0 and 150 mg K L(‑1) substrate). A randomized trial was conducted in a commercial greenhouse, where 132 pots were filled with the control mix and with the biochar mix; then one young plant/pot of Cyclamen persicum Mill. 'Halios' was transplanted and cultivated for 150 days. Special attention was paid to the effect of biochar on potassium and other nutrients dynamic in pore water during the first phases of plant growth and in the substrate at the end of the cultivation. Cyclamen morphological properties (leaf number, plant height, flower number, fresh and dry biomass of aboveground) were surveyed at an early crop growth and at the end of the experiment. Biochar increased K, P and Mg concentrations in the pore water up to 16 days after transplanting. At 75 d, the growth of cyclamen was 30% enhanced by biochar, with statistically significant increases in fresh and dry weight. Leaf and flower numbers, and mineral content of leaves were not influenced by biochar and starter K addition. At the end of the cultivation, there was no more noticeable effect of biochar on cyclamen quality and leaf nutrient contents. Chemical analysis of the substrates showed that biochar was able to induce an increase in water extractable K (+23%) and in CAT (calcium chloride and DTPA) extractable K (+36%) in respect to control medium. Moreover, the significant interaction between biochar and starter potassium fertilization suggested that biochar can preserve potassium from leaching, being able to store potassium fertilizer in a plant available pool. These results demonstrated that biochar can be considered a good substitute for perlite in growing media, acting at the same time as a sink and a source of potassium available for plants.
Keywords	Cyclamen persicum ; acidity ; biochar ; biomass ; calcium chloride ; cation exchange capacity ; chemical analysis ; container-grown plants ; fertilizer application ; flowers ; greenhouses ; growing media ; leaching ; leaves ; magnesium ; mineral content ; nutrient content ; nutrients ; peat ; perlite ; phosphorus ; plant growth ; plant height ; potassium ; potassium fertilizers
Language	English
Size	p. 35-42.
Publishing place	International Society for Horticultural Science.
Document type	Article
Note	Paper presented at the International Symposium on Growing Media, Soilless Cultivation, and Compost Utilization in Horticulture held August 20-August 25, 2017 Portland, Oregon, United States of America
ISSN	0567-7572
DOI	10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1266.6
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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