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Article ; Online: Atomic Force Microscopy in the Characterization of the Structure of Cell Wall Components.

Cybulska, Justyna

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

2024 Volume 2788, Page(s) 81–95

Abstract: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has broken boundaries in the characterization of the supramolecular architecture of cell wall assemblies and single cell wall polysaccharides at the nanoscale level. Moreover, AFM provides an opportunity to evaluate the ... ...

Abstract	Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has broken boundaries in the characterization of the supramolecular architecture of cell wall assemblies and single cell wall polysaccharides at the nanoscale level. Moreover, AFM provides an opportunity to evaluate the mechanical properties of cell wall material which is not possible with any other method. However, in the case of plant tissue, the critical step is a smart sample preparation that should not affect the polysaccharide structure or assembly and on the other hand should consider device limitations, especially scanner ranges. In this chapter, the protocols from the sample preparation, including isolation of cell wall material and extraction of cell wall polysaccharide fractions, through AFM imaging of polysaccharide assemblies and single molecules until an image analysis to obtain quantitative data characterizing the biopolymers are presented.
MeSH term(s)	Microscopy, Atomic Force/methods ; Cell Wall/ultrastructure ; Cell Wall/chemistry ; Polysaccharides/chemistry ; Polysaccharides/analysis
Chemical Substances	Polysaccharides
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1940-6029
ISSN (online)	1940-6029
DOI	10.1007/978-1-0716-3782-1_6
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Coarse-grained molecular dynamics model to evaluate the mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose-hemicellulose composites.

Chibrikov, Vadym / Pieczywek, Piotr Mariusz / Cybulska, Justyna / Zdunek, Artur

Carbohydrate polymers

2024 Volume 330, Page(s) 121827

Abstract: The plant cell wall (PCW) inspires the preparation of fiber-based biomaterials, particularly emphasizing exploiting the intrinsic interactions within the load-bearing cellulose and hemicellulose network. Due to experimental difficulties in studying and ... ...

Abstract	The plant cell wall (PCW) inspires the preparation of fiber-based biomaterials, particularly emphasizing exploiting the intrinsic interactions within the load-bearing cellulose and hemicellulose network. Due to experimental difficulties in studying and interpreting the interaction between these polysaccharides, this research presents a numerical model based on coarse-grained molecular dynamics that evaluates the mechanical properties of fiber composites. To validate the model and explain the structural and mechanical role of hemicelluloses, bacterial cellulose (BC) was synthesized in the presence of different concentrations of xylan, arabinoxylan, xyloglucan, or glucomannan and subjected to nano- and macroscale structural and mechanical characterization. The data obtained were used to interpret the effects of each hemicellulose on the mechanics of the BC-hemicellulose composite based on the sensitivity of the model. The mechanical properties of the resulting simulated networks agreed well with the experimental observations of the BC-hemicellulose composites. Increased xylan and arabinoxylan contents increased the macroscale mechanical properties, fiber modulus (xylan), and fiber width (arabinoxylan). The addition of xyloglucan increased the mechanical properties of the composites in the elastic deformation phase, associated with an increase in the fiber modulus. Adding glucomannan to the culture medium decreased all the mechanical properties studied while the fiber width increased.
MeSH term(s)	Cellulose/chemistry ; Xylans/chemistry ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Polysaccharides/chemistry
Chemical Substances	hemicellulose (8024-50-8) ; Cellulose (9004-34-6) ; Xylans ; Polysaccharides
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1501516-6
ISSN	1879-1344 ; 0144-8617
ISSN (online)	1879-1344
ISSN	0144-8617
DOI	10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121827
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Application of polysaccharides for the encapsulation of beneficial microorganisms for agricultural purposes: A review.

Ali, Mohsin / Cybulska, Justyna / Frąc, Madgalena / Zdunek, Artur

International journal of biological macromolecules

2023 Volume 244, Page(s) 125366

Abstract: Intensive farming practices have increased the consumption of chemical-based pesticides and fertilizers thereby creating health issues for humans and animals and also causing a deterioration in the natural ecosystem. The promotion of biomaterials ... ...

Abstract	Intensive farming practices have increased the consumption of chemical-based pesticides and fertilizers thereby creating health issues for humans and animals and also causing a deterioration in the natural ecosystem. The promotion of biomaterials synthesis could potentially lead to the replacement of synthetic products and improve soil fertility, protect plants from pathogen attacks, and enhance the productivity of the agricultural sector resulting in less environmental pollution. Microbial bioengineering involving the use and improvement of encapsulation using polysaccharides has the required potential to address environmental issues and promote green chemistry. This article describes various encapsulation techniques and polysaccharides which have an immense applicable capability to encapsulate microbial cells. The review elucidates the factors that may result in a reduced viable cell count during encapsulation, particularly using the spray drying method, where a high temperature is required to dry the suspension, this may damage the microbial cells. The environmental advantage of the application of polysaccharides as carriers of beneficial microorganisms, which do not pose a risk for soil due to their full biodegradability, was also shown. The encapsulated microbial cells may assist in addressing certain environmental problems such as ameliorating the unfavourable effects of plant pests and pathogens, and promoting agricultural sustainability.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Animals ; Ecosystem ; Agriculture/methods ; Soil ; Pesticides ; Plants ; Polysaccharides/pharmacology ; Fertilizers/analysis
Chemical Substances	Soil ; Pesticides ; Polysaccharides ; Fertilizers
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	282732-3
ISSN	1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
ISSN (online)	1879-0003
ISSN	0141-8130
DOI	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125366
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Article ; Online: Application of polysaccharides for the encapsulation of beneficial microorganisms for agricultural purposes: A review

Ali, Mohsin / Cybulska, Justyna / Frąc, Madgalena / Zdunek, Artur

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2023 July, v. 244 p.125366-

2023

Abstract	Intensive farming practices have increased the consumption of chemical-based pesticides and fertilizers thereby creating health issues for humans and animals and also causing a deterioration in the natural ecosystem. The promotion of biomaterials synthesis could potentially lead to the replacement of synthetic products and improve soil fertility, protect plants from pathogen attacks, and enhance the productivity of the agricultural sector resulting in less environmental pollution. Microbial bioengineering involving the use and improvement of encapsulation using polysaccharides has the required potential to address environmental issues and promote green chemistry. This article describes various encapsulation techniques and polysaccharides which have an immense applicable capability to encapsulate microbial cells. The review elucidates the factors that may result in a reduced viable cell count during encapsulation, particularly using the spray drying method, where a high temperature is required to dry the suspension, this may damage the microbial cells. The environmental advantage of the application of polysaccharides as carriers of beneficial microorganisms, which do not pose a risk for soil due to their full biodegradability, was also shown. The encapsulated microbial cells may assist in addressing certain environmental problems such as ameliorating the unfavourable effects of plant pests and pathogens, and promoting agricultural sustainability.
Keywords	agricultural industry ; biocompatible materials ; biodegradability ; cell viability ; ecosystems ; encapsulation ; green chemistry ; pathogens ; pollution ; polysaccharides ; risk ; soil ; soil fertility ; sustainable agriculture ; temperature ; Biopesticides ; Biofertilizer ; Sustainable agriculture system
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-07
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	282732-3
ISSN	1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
ISSN (online)	1879-0003
ISSN	0141-8130
DOI	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125366
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Article ; Online: Structural and rheological properties of diluted alkali soluble pectin from apple and carrot.

Kaczmarska, Adrianna / Pieczywek, Piotr M / Cybulska, Justyna / Cieśla, Jolanta / Zdunek, Artur

Food chemistry

2024 Volume 446, Page(s) 138869

Abstract: Pectin, a complex polysaccharide found in plant cell walls, plays a crucial role in various industries due to its functional properties. The diluted alkali-soluble pectin (DASP) fractions that result from the stepwise extraction of apples and carrots ... ...

Abstract	Pectin, a complex polysaccharide found in plant cell walls, plays a crucial role in various industries due to its functional properties. The diluted alkali-soluble pectin (DASP) fractions that result from the stepwise extraction of apples and carrots were studied to evaluate their structural and rheological properties. Homogalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan I, in different proportions, were the main pectin domains that composed DASP from both materials. Atomic force microscopy revealed that the molecules of apple DASP were longer and more branched. A persistence length greater than 40 nm indicated that the pectin molecules deposited on mica behaved as stiff molecules. The weight-averaged molar mass was similar for both samples. Intrinsic viscosity values of 194.91 mL·g
MeSH term(s)	Malus/chemistry ; Daucus carota ; Alkalies ; Pectins/chemistry ; Polysaccharides
Chemical Substances	Alkalies ; Pectins (89NA02M4RX) ; Polysaccharides
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	243123-3
ISSN	1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
ISSN (online)	1873-7072
ISSN	0308-8146
DOI	10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138869
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Article ; Online: Analysis of the chemical composition of natural carbohydrates - An overview of methods.

Kurzyna-Szklarek, Magdalena / Cybulska, Justyna / Zdunek, Artur

Food chemistry

2022 Volume 394, Page(s) 133466

Abstract: Natural carbohydrates are gaining importance over a wide spectrum of human activity due to their versatile functionalities. The properties of carbohydrates are currently used in many branches of industry and new possibilities of their utilization, like ... ...

Abstract	Natural carbohydrates are gaining importance over a wide spectrum of human activity due to their versatile functionalities. The properties of carbohydrates are currently used in many branches of industry and new possibilities of their utilization, like in medicine or materials science, are demonstrated systematically. The attractive properties of carbohydrates result from their chemical structure and ability to form macromolecules and derivatives. Each application of carbohydrate requires a knowledge of their chemical composition, which due to the number and differentiation of monosaccharides and their spatial forms is often challenging. This review presents an overview on sample preparation and the methods used for the determination of the fine chemical structure of natural carbohydrates. Most popular and reliable colorimetric, chromatographic and spectroscopic methods are presented with an emphasis on their pros and cons.
MeSH term(s)	Carbohydrates/analysis ; Chromatography ; Hexoses ; Humans ; Monosaccharides/analysis
Chemical Substances	Carbohydrates ; Hexoses ; Monosaccharides
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	243123-3
ISSN	1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
ISSN (online)	1873-7072
ISSN	0308-8146
DOI	10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133466
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Article: Analysis of the chemical composition of natural carbohydrates – An overview of methods

Kurzyna-Szklarek, Magdalena / Cybulska, Justyna / Zdunek, Artur

Food chemistry. 2022 Nov. 15, v. 394

2022

Abstract	Natural carbohydrates are gaining importance over a wide spectrum of human activity due to their versatile functionalities. The properties of carbohydrates are currently used in many branches of industry and new possibilities of their utilization, like in medicine or materials science, are demonstrated systematically. The attractive properties of carbohydrates result from their chemical structure and ability to form macromolecules and derivatives. Each application of carbohydrate requires a knowledge of their chemical composition, which due to the number and differentiation of monosaccharides and their spatial forms is often challenging. This review presents an overview on sample preparation and the methods used for the determination of the fine chemical structure of natural carbohydrates. Most popular and reliable colorimetric, chromatographic and spectroscopic methods are presented with an emphasis on their pros and cons.
Keywords	chemical composition ; chemical structure ; chromatography ; colorimetry ; food chemistry ; humans ; industry ; medicine ; spectroscopy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1115
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	243123-3
ISSN	1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
ISSN (online)	1873-7072
ISSN	0308-8146
DOI	10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133466
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Article: A mini-review on the plant sources and methods for extraction of rhamnogalacturonan I

Kaczmarska, Adrianna / Pieczywek, Piotr M. / Cybulska, Justyna / Zdunek, Artur

Food chemistry. 2023 Mar. 01, v. 403

2023

Abstract: Rhamnogalacturonan type I (RG-I) is one of the pectin family member abundant in plant cell walls. Process of RG-I extraction from cell walls, either as a one-step or several-stage process, conditions the structure and properties of obtained ... ...

Abstract	Rhamnogalacturonan type I (RG-I) is one of the pectin family member abundant in plant cell walls. Process of RG-I extraction from cell walls, either as a one-step or several-stage process, conditions the structure and properties of obtained polysaccharides. In this paper, we provide comprehensive overview of the factors related to the source and extraction techniques that determine the yield and chemical composition of pectin belonging to RG-I. The role of the source material, solvent, pH, temperature, time and additional factors related to applied techniques, such as microwaves, ultrasounds, high and low pressure or enzymatic treatments are discussed.
Keywords	chemical composition ; food chemistry ; pH ; pectins ; solvents ; temperature
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0301
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	243123-3
ISSN	1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
ISSN (online)	1873-7072
ISSN	0308-8146
DOI	10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134378
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: A mini-review on the plant sources and methods for extraction of rhamnogalacturonan I.

Kaczmarska, Adrianna / Pieczywek, Piotr M / Cybulska, Justyna / Zdunek, Artur

Food chemistry

2022 Volume 403, Page(s) 134378

Abstract	Rhamnogalacturonan type I (RG-I) is one of the pectin family member abundant in plant cell walls. Process of RG-I extraction from cell walls, either as a one-step or several-stage process, conditions the structure and properties of obtained polysaccharides. In this paper, we provide comprehensive overview of the factors related to the source and extraction techniques that determine the yield and chemical composition of pectin belonging to RG-I. The role of the source material, solvent, pH, temperature, time and additional factors related to applied techniques, such as microwaves, ultrasounds, high and low pressure or enzymatic treatments are discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Pectins/chemistry ; Cell Wall/chemistry ; Polysaccharides/analysis ; Microwaves
Chemical Substances	rhamnogalacturonan I ; Pectins (89NA02M4RX) ; Polysaccharides
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	243123-3
ISSN	1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
ISSN (online)	1873-7072
ISSN	0308-8146
DOI	10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134378
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Article: Various Perspectives on Microbial Lipase Production Using Agri-Food Waste and Renewable Products

Szymczak, Tomasz / Cybulska, Justyna / Podleśny, Marcin / Frąc, Magdalena

Agriculture (Basel). 2021 June 11, v. 11, no. 6

2021

Abstract: Lipases are enzymes that catalyze various types of reactions and have versatile applications. Additionally, lipases are the most widely used class of enzymes in biotechnology and organic chemistry. Lipases can be produced by a wide range of organisms ... ...

Abstract	Lipases are enzymes that catalyze various types of reactions and have versatile applications. Additionally, lipases are the most widely used class of enzymes in biotechnology and organic chemistry. Lipases can be produced by a wide range of organisms including animals, plants and microorganisms. Microbial lipases are more stable, they have substrate specificity and a lower production cost as compared to other sources of these enzymes. Although commercially available lipases are widely used as biocatalysts, there are still many challenges concerning the production of microbial lipases with the use of renewable sources as the main component of microbial growth medium such as straw, bran, oil cakes and industrial effluents. Submerged fermentation (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) are the two important technologies for the production of lipases by microorganisms. Therefore, this review focuses on microbial lipases, especially their function, specificity, types and technology production, including the use of renewable agro-industrial residues and waste materials.
Keywords	agriculture ; biotechnology ; bran ; carboxylic ester hydrolases ; culture media ; microbial growth ; organic chemistry ; solid state fermentation ; straw ; submerged fermentation ; substrate specificity
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0611
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2651678-0
ISSN	2077-0472
ISSN	2077-0472
DOI	10.3390/agriculture11060540
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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