LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 7 of total 7

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: A systematic review of performance-based assessment studies on cognitive biases in schizophrenia spectrum psychoses and clinical high-risk states: A summary of 40 years of research.

    Gawęda, Łukasz / Kowalski, Joachim / Aleksandrowicz, Adrianna / Bagrowska, Paulina / Dąbkowska, Małgorzata / Pionke-Ubych, Renata

    Clinical psychology review

    2024  Volume 108, Page(s) 102391

    Abstract: Cognitive models of psychosis have stimulated empirical studies on cognitive biases involved in schizophrenia spectrum psychoses and their symptoms. This systematic review aimed to summarize the studies on the role of cognitive biases as assessed in ... ...

    Abstract Cognitive models of psychosis have stimulated empirical studies on cognitive biases involved in schizophrenia spectrum psychoses and their symptoms. This systematic review aimed to summarize the studies on the role of cognitive biases as assessed in different performance-based tasks in schizophrenia spectrum psychoses and clinical high-risk states. We focused on five cognitive biases linked to psychosis, i.e., aberrant salience, attentional biases, source monitoring biases, jumping to conclusions, and bias against disconfirmatory evidence. We identified N = 324 studies published in N = 308 articles fulfilling inclusion criteria. Most studies have been cross-sectional and confirmed that the schizophrenia spectrum psychoses are related to exaggerated cognitive biases compared to healthy controls. On the contrary, less evidence suggests a higher tendency for cognitive biases in the UHR sample. The only exceptions were source monitoring and jumping to conclusions, which were confirmed to be exaggerated in both clinical groups. Hallucinations and delusions were the most frequent symptoms studied in the context of cognitive biases. Based on the findings, we presented a hypothetical model on the role of interactions between cognitive biases or additive effects of biases in shaping the risk of psychosis. Future research is warranted for further development of cognitive models for psychosis.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Schizophrenia ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Psychotic Disorders/psychology ; Cognition ; Bias
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604577-7
    ISSN 1873-7811 ; 0272-7358
    ISSN (online) 1873-7811
    ISSN 0272-7358
    DOI 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102391
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1712: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  2. Article ; Online: Assessing psychotic-like experiences using categorical and metacognitive approaches: A validation of polish self-report measures.

    Kowalski, Joachim / Szczypiński, Jan / Aleksandrowicz, Adrianna / Bagrowska, Paulina / Dąbkowska, Małgorzata / Pionke-Ubych, Renata / Gawęda, Łukasz

    Early intervention in psychiatry

    2024  

    Abstract: Aim: Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are experiences in the general population that, in their extreme form, are attributed to clinical psychosis. They are correlated with general psychopathology and increased risk of developing psychosis. Previous ... ...

    Abstract Aim: Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are experiences in the general population that, in their extreme form, are attributed to clinical psychosis. They are correlated with general psychopathology and increased risk of developing psychosis. Previous research show a multitude of measuring tools which most often lack psychometric validation. This study aimed to examine both categorical and metacognitive measures of PLEs.
    Methods: Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used in seven online studies with n's ranging from 259 to 6772 to explore factor structures of Prodromal Questionnaire 16 item (PQ-16), Revised Green et al. Paranoid Thoughts Scale (R-GPTS), Multi-Modality Unusual Sensory Experiences Questionnaire (MUSEQ), Beliefs about Paranoia Scale (BAPS) and Interpretation of Voices Inventory (IVI). Additionally, we explored measurement invariance between diagnosed with psychiatric disorders and undiagnosed individuals in PQ-16, R-GPTS and BAPS.
    Results: We confirmed the factor structures of all questionnaires except IVI. We confirmed configural, threshold and metric measurement invariance in R-GPTS and BAPS and partially PQ-16.
    Conclusions: The current results demonstrate structural validity and measurement invariance of several categorical and metacognitive measures of PLEs.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-06
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2272425-4
    ISSN 1751-7893 ; 1751-7885
    ISSN (online) 1751-7893
    ISSN 1751-7885
    DOI 10.1111/eip.13504
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  3. Article: Neural Correlates of Aberrant Salience and Source Monitoring in Schizophrenia and At-Risk Mental States-A Systematic Review of fMRI Studies.

    Kowalski, Joachim / Aleksandrowicz, Adrianna / Dąbkowska, Małgorzata / Gawęda, Łukasz

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 18

    Abstract: Cognitive biases are an important factor contributing to the development and symptom severity of psychosis. Despite the fact that various cognitive biases are contributing to psychosis, they are rarely investigated together. In the current systematic ... ...

    Abstract Cognitive biases are an important factor contributing to the development and symptom severity of psychosis. Despite the fact that various cognitive biases are contributing to psychosis, they are rarely investigated together. In the current systematic review, we aimed at investigating specific and shared functional neural correlates of two important cognitive biases: aberrant salience and source monitoring. We conducted a systematic search of fMRI studies of said cognitive biases. Eight studies on aberrant salience and eleven studies on source monitoring were included in the review. We critically discussed behavioural and neuroimaging findings concerning cognitive biases. Various brain regions are associated with aberrant salience and source monitoring in individuals with schizophrenia and the risk of psychosis. The ventral striatum and insula contribute to aberrant salience. The medial prefrontal cortex, superior and middle temporal gyrus contribute to source monitoring. The anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus contribute to both cognitive biases, constituting a neural overlap. Our review indicates that aberrant salience and source monitoring may share neural mechanisms, suggesting their joint role in producing disrupted external attributions of perceptual and cognitive experiences, thus elucidating their role in positive symptoms of psychosis. Account bridging mechanisms of these two biases is discussed. Further studies are warranted.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm10184126
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  4. Article: Ocena wybranych funkcji poznawczych u ofiar przemocy domowej.

    Dabkowska, Małgorzata

    Psychiatria polska

    2007  Volume 41, Issue 6, Page(s) 837–849

    Abstract: Unlabelled: Every traumatic experience triggers the cognitive functions. Among the people who have experienced a trauma, the cognitive functions are diminished and these people are exposed to the negative effects of it. People with the diminished ... ...

    Title translation Assessment of the selected cognitive functions among the victims of domestic violence.
    Abstract Unlabelled: Every traumatic experience triggers the cognitive functions. Among the people who have experienced a trauma, the cognitive functions are diminished and these people are exposed to the negative effects of it. People with the diminished cognitive functions are especially sensitive to the PTSD occurrence.
    Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate selected cognitive functions with the use of particular neurological tests among the people who have experienced domestic violence. Additionally, it was to specify the influence of the occurrence of PTSD and depression symptoms on the cognitive functions of the victims.
    Methods: 1. Neuropsychological Assessment: Trail Marking Test A and B (TMT A&B), Stroop Test (Colour-Word Interference Test), Verbal Fluency Test. 2. Assessment of PTSD Occurrence and Intensity: Civilian Version of Mississippi PTSD 35-point and 39-point Scale. 3. Assessment of Depression: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and 17-point Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). The study group consisted of 30 women age 17 to 55; average age was 37. All the women were inhabitants of the hostels for victims of domestic violence. The group was exposed to both physical and psychological violence.
    Results and conclusion: A significant diminishing of selected cognitive functions was noticed among the study group. Both the symptoms of PTSD and depression had an influence on diminishing cognitive functions. The increase ofPTSD symptoms correlated with the intensity of depression. The victims of domestic violence required long-term psychiatric treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Battered Women/psychology ; Cognition ; Cognition Disorders/diagnosis ; Crime Victims/psychology ; Depression/diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Poland ; Psychometrics ; Research Design ; Severity of Illness Index ; Spouse Abuse/psychology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Women's Health
    Language Polish
    Publishing date 2007-11
    Publishing country Poland
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 415518-x
    ISSN 0033-2674
    ISSN 0033-2674
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 374: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  5. Article: Ocena zalezności miedzy czynnikami emocjonalnymi i poznawczymi aleksytymii a nasileniem PTSD u ofiar przemocy domowej.

    Dabkowska, Małgorzata

    Psychiatria polska

    2007  Volume 41, Issue 6, Page(s) 851–862

    Abstract: Aim: Alexythymia has been reported in various psychiatric disorders, also in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The 20-item Toronto Alexythymia Scale (TAS-20) measures three inter-correlated dimensions ofalexythymia: 1. difficulties in identifying ... ...

    Title translation Relationships between the emotional and cognitive components of alexythymia and PTSD in victims of domestic violence.
    Abstract Aim: Alexythymia has been reported in various psychiatric disorders, also in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The 20-item Toronto Alexythymia Scale (TAS-20) measures three inter-correlated dimensions ofalexythymia: 1. difficulties in identifying feelings, 2. difficulties in describing feelings, 3. externally oriented thinking. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between factors of TAS-20 and intensification of PTSD symptoms.
    Method: Presence and a degree of alexythymia were estimated using three factorial 20-point self-assessment Toronto Alexythymia Scale. Diagnosis and a degree of intensification of PTSD was based on C.G. Watson's et al. PTSD-I. The study group consisted of 30 women who have experienced domestic violence. Women were residents of hostels for victims of domestic violence or residents of the Lonely Mother House.
    Results: There was a significant correlation between factor 2 (difficulties describing feelings) scores of TAS-20 and intensification of PTSD (correlation is significant at the 0.05 level, Spearman's correlation coefficient 0.383, p = 0.037). There was no significant relationship between the scores of PTSD-I and the scores of sub-factors 1 and 3. The results emphasize, in addition to the TAS-20 total score, the three sub-factors providing information about whether cognitive and/or affective aspects of alexythymia are associated with posttraumatic stress disorder.
    Conclusion: The most significant factor determining occurrence of PTSD symptoms in the study group of women who have experienced domestic violence was a difficulty in verbalising emotions.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Affective Symptoms/diagnosis ; Battered Women/psychology ; Cognition ; Crime Victims/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Personality Inventory ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Research Design ; Severity of Illness Index ; Spouse Abuse/psychology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/physiopathology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Women's Health
    Language Polish
    Publishing date 2007-11
    Publishing country Poland
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 415518-x
    ISSN 0033-2674
    ISSN 0033-2674
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 374: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  6. Article: Fobia społeczna u dzieci i młodziezy.

    Dabkowska, Małgorzata

    Psychiatria polska

    2004  Volume 38, Issue 4, Page(s) 589–602

    Abstract: Epidemiological data indicate that anxiety disorders are the most common childhood disorders. 1% of children and adolescents suffer from social phobia and it may influence further adult life. The aim of the article is to show differences of child and ... ...

    Title translation Social phobia in children and adolescents.
    Abstract Epidemiological data indicate that anxiety disorders are the most common childhood disorders. 1% of children and adolescents suffer from social phobia and it may influence further adult life. The aim of the article is to show differences of child and adolescent social phobia and its diagnostic criteria. Contrast and distinction of childhood social phobia symptoms are also shown, such as risk factors of appearance of childhood social phobia. The article presents main therapeutic methods--psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy applied to children with phobia and difficulties with estimating efficacy of the particular therapy in this group of patients. Phobic children perceive surroundings more negatively. They have reduced estimations of their own competency to cope with danger. They also show cognitive impairments of ambiguous situations. As much as 60% children with social phobia suffer from a second, concurrent disorder. Widening of information about symptoms and therapeutic methods may reduce the intensity of the disorder during adulthood.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior/psychology ; Adolescent Development ; Child ; Child Behavior/psychology ; Child Development ; Depressive Disorder/diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder/therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Parent-Child Relations ; Phobic Disorders/diagnosis ; Phobic Disorders/drug therapy ; Phobic Disorders/epidemiology ; Phobic Disorders/psychology ; Phobic Disorders/therapy ; Psychology, Adolescent ; Psychology, Child ; Risk Factors ; Social Environment ; Social Support
    Language Polish
    Publishing date 2004-07
    Publishing country Poland
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 415518-x
    ISSN 0033-2674
    ISSN 0033-2674
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 374: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  7. Article: Ocena skuteczności olanzapiny w terapii pierwszego epizodu schizofrenii u młodziezy.

    Dabkowska, Małgorzata

    Psychiatria polska

    2002  Volume 36, Issue 6 Suppl, Page(s) 235–241

    Abstract: The study concerns the therapeutic effectiveness of olanzapine in the treatment of the first episode of schizophrenia in children and young adults from the 12-19 year old age group. The positive symptoms were the first ones to cease. A constant rise in ... ...

    Title translation Olanzapine in the first episode of schizophrenia in young adults.
    Abstract The study concerns the therapeutic effectiveness of olanzapine in the treatment of the first episode of schizophrenia in children and young adults from the 12-19 year old age group. The positive symptoms were the first ones to cease. A constant rise in effectiveness was noted with time duration of application, especially in the case of negative symptoms. The treatment with olanzapine enabled most of the youngsters to continue school.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Antipsychotic Agents/administration & dosage ; Benzodiazepines ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pirenzepine/administration & dosage ; Pirenzepine/analogs & derivatives ; Schizophrenia/drug therapy ; Schizophrenic Psychology ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/administration & dosage ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Antipsychotic Agents ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; Benzodiazepines (12794-10-4) ; Pirenzepine (3G0285N20N) ; olanzapine (N7U69T4SZR)
    Language Polish
    Publishing date 2002-11
    Publishing country Poland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 415518-x
    ISSN 0033-2674
    ISSN 0033-2674
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 374: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

To top