Article ; Online: Fructose Diet-Associated Molecular Alterations in Hypothalamus of Adolescent Rats: A Proteomic Approach.
2023 Volume 15, Issue 2
Abstract: Background: The enhanced consumption of fructose as added sugar represents a major health concern. Due to the complexity and multiplicity of hypothalamic functions, we aim to point out early molecular alterations triggered by a sugar-rich diet ... ...
| Abstract | Background: The enhanced consumption of fructose as added sugar represents a major health concern. Due to the complexity and multiplicity of hypothalamic functions, we aim to point out early molecular alterations triggered by a sugar-rich diet throughout adolescence, and to verify their persistence until the young adulthood phase. Methods: Thirty days old rats received a high-fructose or control diet for 3 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, treated animals were switched to the control diet for further 3 weeks, and then analyzed in comparison with those that were fed the control diet for the entire experimental period. Results: Quantitative proteomics identified 19 differentially represented proteins, between control and fructose-fed groups, belonging to intermediate filament cytoskeleton, neurofilament, pore complex and mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. Western blotting analysis confirmed proteomic data, evidencing a decreased abundance of mitochondrial respiratory complexes and voltage-dependent anion channel 1, the coregulator of mitochondrial biogenesis PGC-1α, and the protein subunit of neurofilaments α-internexin in fructose-fed rats. Diet-associated hypothalamic inflammation was also detected. Finally, the amount of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its high-affinity receptor TrkB, as well as of synaptophysin, synaptotagmin, and post-synaptic protein PSD-95 was reduced in sugar-fed rats. Notably, deregulated levels of all proteins were fully rescued after switching to the control diet. Conclusions: A short-term fructose-rich diet in adolescent rats induces hypothalamic inflammation and highly affects mitochondrial and cytoskeletal compartments, as well as the level of specific markers of brain function; above-reported effects are reverted after switching animals to the control diet. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Rats ; Animals ; Fructose/adverse effects ; Fructose/metabolism ; Proteomics ; Diet ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Inflammation/metabolism |
| Chemical Substances | Fructose (30237-26-4) |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-01-16 |
| Publishing country | Switzerland |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 2518386-2 |
| ISSN | 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643 |
| ISSN (online) | 2072-6643 |
| ISSN | 2072-6643 |
| DOI | 10.3390/nu15020475 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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